Essentials for Therapeutic Massage, ch2 Mechanisms of Health and Disease Flashcards
acute pain
usually temporary, sudden onset, localized
can arise from disease or result from medical intervention
afferent
toward a center or point of reference
allodynia
pain, generally on the skin, caused by something which usually does not cause pain
anaplasia
without shape
describing an abnormal or undifferentiated cell that fail to mature into specialized cells
characteristic of malignant cells
*stems cells are undifferentiated, but they tend to be spherical
benign
non-threatening
usually used to describe a noncancerous tumour that is contained an does not spread
biological rhythms
syn. biorhythm
internal periodic timing of an organism
cancer
malignant, nonencapsulated cells that invade surrounding tissue
often metastisize, pieces breaking away and transported to another area of the body as secondary cancer masses
chakra
center for a vortex of energy
chronic pain
syn. persistent pain
pains that continues or reoccurs over time and lasting longer than 6 months
onset may be obscure
quality of the pain may change
circadian rhythm
biological rhythms that work over a 24h period (earth’s spin on its axis) coordinating internal functions
communicable diseases
syn infectious, contagious
congential v inherited
abnormality present at birth v disease arising in a lifetime related to epigentic phenomena
disease
abnormality in the function within the body
dosha, p32
from Auyervedic medicine, the 3 basic consitutions or physiological-types
pitta
vatta
kapha
efferent
away from a center or point of reference
entrainment
synchronization of rhythms…circadian…bio…seasonal
epidemiology
study frequency, transmission, occurrence, and distribution of disease
etiology
study of the factors involved in the development of disease, nature thereof, susceptibility
fistula
abnormal connections between organ or vessel with another or the with the skin
health
condition of homeostasis that results in a state of physical, emotional, mental, social, spiritual well-being
hyperalgesia
`abnormally increased sensitivity to pain resulting in hypersensitivity to stimulus
hyperplasia
uncontrolled increase in the number of cells of a body part
idiopathic
diseases of undetermined causes
inflammation
protective response of the tissues to irritation or injury
my be acute or chronic
symptoms = redness, heat, swelling, pain
malignant
abnormal and threatening
usually refers to cancerous tissue cell multiplication
metastases
neoplasm
syn. tumour
abnormal growth of new tissue, can be benign or malignant
neuropathic pain
pain caused by a lesion or disease o of the somatosensory nervous system
nociiceptive pain
pain as a result of the activation of type-C and A-delta nociceptive neurons.
these receptors have high-stimulation thresholds which makes them sensitive to stimuli that can damage normal tissues or may become damaging with prolonged stimulation
opportunistic pathogens
organisms that cause disease only when a host’s immunity is impaired
pain
unpleasant sensation.
complex, personal, subjective experience with physiological, psychological, and social aspects
paraesthesia
abnormal sensation, typically described as pins and needles or crawling insects
pathogen
disease-causing organism, infectious agent
pathology
study of disease as observed in the structure and function of the body
pathogenicity
ability of an infectious agent to cause disease
pathiogenesis, p36
development of a disease within a body
latent stage = nonactive
incubation stage = become infectious
covalence stage = disease has run its course and functions of the body return to before onset
phantom pain
pain or other sensation experienced in a part of the body that is not present
remission
reversal of signs and symptoms
may be temporary or permanent
resilience
capacity to recover from difficulties
salutogenesis
process of healing, recovery, and repair.
seasonal rhythms
rhythms in nature taking place over the course of year (earth’s revolution around the sun)
influences biorhythms
sensitization
increased responsiveness to stimuli
signs v symptoms
objective v subjective
sinus
cavity with the body, mucous tissue lined
somatic pain and superficial somatic pain and deep somatic pain
somatic = pain that arises from the body wall
superficial = from the stimulation of receptors in the skin
deep = from receptors in skeletal muscles, joints, tendons, fascia
stress
any external or internal stimuli that requires a change or response to prevent imbalance in the internal environment of the body or mental-emotive mind.
initiates chemical processes from activation of the ANS
syndrome
group of signs and/or symptoms identifying a pathological condition
ultradian rhythms
biological rhythms that repeat at a rate ranging from every 90 minutes to every few hours
virulent
quality of organisms that enables them to readily cause disease
visceral pain
pain that results from the stimulation of receptors in internal organs
or abnormal condition in the viscera
TCM
Traditional Chinese Medicine
5 Elements
Fire
Earth
Metal
Water
Wood
Yin & Yang = opposite yet complementary qualities that when in balance is optimal health
yin = feminine principle
yang = masculine principle
Dx
Tx and RX
Px
diagnosis
treatment and prescription
prognosis
causes of disease
genetic
agents, physical or chemical
malnutrition
degeneration
hypersensitivity of Immune system
immune suppressio or deficiency
pathogenic organism or infectious agent
tumours and cancer
