Essentials for Therapeutic Massage, ch2 Mechanisms of Health and Disease

Question 1

acute pain

Answer 1

usually temporary, sudden onset, localized
can arise from disease or result from medical intervention

Question 2

afferent

Answer 2

toward a center or point of reference

Question 3

allodynia

Answer 3

pain, generally on the skin, caused by something which usually does not cause pain

Question 4

anaplasia

Answer 4

without shape
describing an abnormal or undifferentiated cell that fail to mature into specialized cells
characteristic of malignant cells

*stems cells are undifferentiated, but they tend to be spherical

Question 5

benign

Answer 5

non-threatening
usually used to describe a noncancerous tumour that is contained an does not spread

Question 6

biological rhythms

Answer 6

syn. biorhythm
internal periodic timing of an organism

Question 7

cancer

Answer 7

malignant, nonencapsulated cells that invade surrounding tissue
often metastisize, pieces breaking away and transported to another area of the body as secondary cancer masses

Question 8

chakra

Answer 8

center for a vortex of energy

Question 9

chronic pain

Answer 9

syn. persistent pain
pains that continues or reoccurs over time and lasting longer than 6 months
onset may be obscure
quality of the pain may change

Question 10

circadian rhythm

Answer 10

biological rhythms that work over a 24h period (earth’s spin on its axis) coordinating internal functions

Question 11

communicable diseases

Answer 11

syn infectious, contagious

Question 12

congential v inherited

Answer 12

abnormality present at birth v disease arising in a lifetime related to epigentic phenomena

Question 13

disease

Answer 13

abnormality in the function within the body

Question 14

dosha, p32

Answer 14

from Auyervedic medicine, the 3 basic consitutions or physiological-types
pitta
vatta
kapha

Question 15

efferent

Answer 15

away from a center or point of reference

Question 16

entrainment

Answer 16

synchronization of rhythms…circadian…bio…seasonal

Question 17

epidemiology

Answer 17

study frequency, transmission, occurrence, and distribution of disease

Question 18

etiology

Answer 18

study of the factors involved in the development of disease, nature thereof, susceptibility

Question 19

fistula

Answer 19

abnormal connections between organ or vessel with another or the with the skin

Question 20

health

Answer 20

condition of homeostasis that results in a state of physical, emotional, mental, social, spiritual well-being

Question 21

hyperalgesia

Answer 21

`abnormally increased sensitivity to pain resulting in hypersensitivity to stimulus

Question 22

hyperplasia

Answer 22

uncontrolled increase in the number of cells of a body part

Question 23

idiopathic

Answer 23

diseases of undetermined causes

Question 24

inflammation

Answer 24

protective response of the tissues to irritation or injury
my be acute or chronic
symptoms = redness, heat, swelling, pain

Question 25

malignant

Answer 25

abnormal and threatening usually refers to cancerous tissue cell multiplication

Question 26

metastases

Question 27

neoplasm

Answer 27

syn. tumour abnormal growth of new tissue, can be benign or malignant

Question 28

neuropathic pain

Answer 28

pain caused by a lesion or disease o of the somatosensory nervous system

Question 29

nociiceptive pain

Answer 29

pain as a result of the activation of type-C and A-delta nociceptive neurons. these receptors have high-stimulation thresholds which makes them sensitive to stimuli that can damage normal tissues or may become damaging with prolonged stimulation

Question 30

opportunistic pathogens

Answer 30

organisms that cause disease only when a host's immunity is impaired

Question 31

pain

Answer 31

unpleasant sensation. complex, personal, subjective experience with physiological, psychological, and social aspects

Question 32

paraesthesia

Answer 32

abnormal sensation, typically described as pins and needles or crawling insects

Question 33

pathogen

Answer 33

disease-causing organism, infectious agent

Question 34

pathology

Answer 34

study of disease as observed in the structure and function of the body

Question 35

pathogenicity

Answer 35

ability of an infectious agent to cause disease

Question 36

pathiogenesis, p36

Answer 36

development of a disease within a body latent stage = nonactive incubation stage = become infectious covalence stage = disease has run its course and functions of the body return to before onset

Question 37

phantom pain

Answer 37

pain or other sensation experienced in a part of the body that is not present

Question 38

remission

Answer 38

reversal of signs and symptoms may be temporary or permanent

Question 39

resilience

Answer 39

capacity to recover from difficulties

Question 40

salutogenesis

Answer 40

process of healing, recovery, and repair.

Question 41

seasonal rhythms

Answer 41

rhythms in nature taking place over the course of year (earth's revolution around the sun) influences biorhythms

Question 42

sensitization

Answer 42

increased responsiveness to stimuli

Question 43

signs v symptoms

Answer 43

objective v subjective

Question 44

sinus

Answer 44

cavity with the body, mucous tissue lined

Question 45

somatic pain and superficial somatic pain and deep somatic pain

Answer 45

somatic = pain that arises from the body wall superficial = from the stimulation of receptors in the skin deep = from receptors in skeletal muscles, joints, tendons, fascia

Question 46

stress

Answer 46

any external or internal stimuli that requires a change or response to prevent imbalance in the internal environment of the body or mental-emotive mind. initiates chemical processes from activation of the ANS

Question 47

syndrome

Answer 47

group of signs and/or symptoms identifying a pathological condition

Question 48

ultradian rhythms

Answer 48

biological rhythms that repeat at a rate ranging from every 90 minutes to every few hours

Question 49

virulent

Answer 49

quality of organisms that enables them to readily cause disease

Question 50

visceral pain

Answer 50

pain that results from the stimulation of receptors in internal organs or abnormal condition in the viscera

Question 51

TCM

Answer 51

Traditional Chinese Medicine 5 Elements Fire Earth Metal Water Wood Yin & Yang = opposite yet complementary qualities that when in balance is optimal health yin = feminine principle yang = masculine principle

Question 52

Dx Tx and RX Px

Answer 52

diagnosis treatment and prescription prognosis

Question 53

causes of disease

Answer 53

genetic agents, physical or chemical malnutrition degeneration hypersensitivity of Immune system immune suppressio or deficiency pathogenic organism or infectious agent tumours and cancer