Fundamentals Flashcards
What is intravenous therapy?
medical regimen that aims to supplement/provide fluids for patients
Why is intravenous therapy given?
patient is deficient in fluid volume or deliver needed medicine that requires immediate effect
Where is intravenous therapy usually given?
The site of insertion is usually DISTAL (proximal)
Away from joint
Non-dominant hand
Soft and elastic vein but can have central access
Why should you insert an IV away from the joint?
to prevent dislodgement
Why should you insert an IV on a patients non-dominant hand?
promote ADLs
4 Kinds of IV Fluids
- Hypotonic
- Hypertonic
- Isotonic
- Total Parenthal Nutrition (TPN)
What are hypotonic IV fluids?
Lower concentrations (water goes inside) For Cellular Dehydration
e. g. (LOWER THAN 0.9% NaCl)
0. 33NaCl; 0.45NaCl; 0.67NaCl
What are hypertonic IV fluids?
Higher concentration (water goes outside)
e.g. D5 + Other solutions
What are isotonic IV fluids?
Equal concentration (no movement)
e.g. PNSS; D5W; LR; Sodium Bicarbonate
What are contraindications for Intravenous Therapy?
AV Fistula
Post Mastectomy Side
Cons of Intravenous Therapy
Extravasation Phlebitis Infection Emboli Infiltration Circulatory overload
What type of infection does intravenous insertion cause?
Iatrogenic infection (relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment)
What is the IV fluid is the universal diluent?
PNSS
What IV fluid is a volume expander?
Plain LR
What is an IV fluid for hypoglycemia?
D5W
