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PAPER 2: Social Inequalitites > Functionalist And Class Inequality > Flashcards

Functionalist And Class Inequality Flashcards

1
Q

What is the functionalist view on inequality ?

A
  • Society is already working well
  • inequality is inevitable, normal and natural
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2
Q

Studies for functionalist and class inequality?

A
  • Talcott parsons : organic analogy
  • Talcott parsons : value consensus and stratification
  • David Moore: reasons for social stratification
  • David Moore : principles of social stratification
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3
Q

What does Talcott parsons: organic analogy say society is like ?

A

Organic analogy: society is like a human body with different organs contributing to a whole

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4
Q

According to Talcott parsons: organic analogy , example of organic analogy ?

A

Lungs provide oxygen for the blood which is pumped around the body to the heart same way society

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5
Q

Talcott parsons: organic analogy , Same way the body works is the same way for what ?

A

Same way societies, families and educational institutions socialises future workers so they can play a role in the economic system and provide us with services we need

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6
Q

According to Talcott Parsons: what three ways is society like a human body ?

A
  1. System
  2. Needs
  3. Functions
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7
Q

Talcott parsons : organic analogy , what is system ?

A

Both body and society are self regulating but independent parts that fit together
E.g healthcare & goverment work with individuals e.g children

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8
Q

According to Talcott parsons : organic analogy

What is needs ?

A

Organs in body have needs to survive so does society
Body needs food and water
Society needs well socialised people and tax

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9
Q

According to Talcott parsons:

What is functions ?

A

Both the institutions in society and organs serve certain purposes

Economy meets needs of society by food and shelter

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10
Q

According to Talcott parsons, what element is there to inequality ?

A

Functional element to inequality

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11
Q

According to Talcott parsons, what is the functional element of inequality

A

As societies needs different people with skills, statuses, rewards and motivations for society to function

  • we need dustbins, heart surgeons
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12
Q

According to Talcott Parsons, why is jobs of Dustbin men and heart surgeons needed ?

A

For different rewards that go along with these roles

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13
Q

According to parsons: value consensus and stratification, parsons argued what about individuals ?

A

Some individuals are better than others at achieving things and worthy of rewards according to value consensus

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14
Q

According to Talcott parsons: value consensus and stratification, in a modern society what do those who run buisnesses deserve and why ?

A

Those who run businesses and create wealth and jobs deserve highest rewards as contribute to running a smooth society

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15
Q

According to Talcott parsons : social stratification and value consensus

A

Stratification (heirachy) is normal and natural as those who work the hardest deserve the highest rewards

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16
Q

According to Talcott Parsons: value consensus and stratification, why stratification natural and normal ?

A

Meritocracy society can succeed on effort and talents so ANYONE can do well

17
Q

What is the evaluations of parsons

A

-Do we really live in a meritocracy?
- Stratification is divisive
- power and rewards: Melvin and Tumin

18
Q

Do we really live in a meritocracy- parsons evaluation

A

Not everyone in the UK has the same life chances as access to the top usually denied to those lower class due to lack of opportunities or merit so assumption of meritocracy being equal is not the case

19
Q

Stratification as divisive - parsons evaluation

A

Divisive as some gain at the expense of others

Feminist - stratification benifits men
Marxist - stratification is designed to benifit the rich and powerful

20
Q

What is power and rewards (Melvin Tumin) evaluation ?

A

Functionalist ignore how power influences unequal distribution of rewards e.g difference in pay, prestige due to difference in power than importance

21
Q

According to Davis and Moore: reasons for social stratification , what does social stratification do

A

Role allocation and high standards

22
Q

according to Davis and Moore, what is role allocation ?

A

Allocates the right people to the most important roles so that it is filled emoji the most able people so they can gain the highest rewards to motivate the best people

23
Q

According to Davis and Moore, what is high standards ?

A

Ensures that roles perform by people at to the highest standards as roles e.g doctors have many people depending on them so motivate them to work to the best of their ability

24
Q

According to Davis and Moore: principles of social stratification
How can we tell which position is most important ?

A

Functional uniqueness and degree of dependence of others

25
Q

According to Davis and Moore: principe of social stratification

What is functional uniqueness ?

A

A position is functionally unique if only one person or a small number can carry out the role so need higher rewards
E.g

26
Q

According to Davis and Moore: principe of social stratification

What is degree of dependence of others ?

A

Many other people rely/depend on them so how much role is needed

27
Q

Who critises David and Moore ?

A

Melvin Tumin

28
Q

What are Melvin Tumin evaluation of Davis and Moore

A
  1. Determined functional importance
  2. Power and rewards
  3. Pool of talents
  4. Training- is it a sacrifice ?
29
Q

What does Tumin: critique of Davis and Moore : determining functional importance state ?

A

Davis and Moore assumes that most highly rewarded positions are important however Tumin states that low paid jobs e.g cleaners is just important as doctor which position is most impotent is based on matter of opinion NOT facts

30
Q

What is Tumin: power and reward evaluation of Davis and Moore ?

A

Davis and Moore ignored the influence of power on unequal distribution of rewards e.g difference in pay
Not because of functionally unique role but power that gives him amount of money

31
Q

What pool of talent- evaluation of Davis and Moore ?

A

Davis and Moore assume that Only a limited number of individuals have the talent to acquire the skills that is functionally important but cannot measure talent

32
Q

Social closure critise from Tumin for Davis and Moore ?

A

Davis and Moore fails to consider that those who occupy higher rewarded positions put up barriers to recruitment e.g social closure to use power to restrict others to their position

PAPER 2: Social Inequalitites (14 decks)

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