Functional Groups Flashcards
What is the functional group of alkanes?
single carbon-carbon bonds
What is the characteristic feature of alkenes?
carbon-carbon double bonds
What distinguishes alkynes from alkenes?
Alkynes have carbon-carbon triple bonds, while alkenes have carbon-carbon double bonds.
What is an aromatic functional group?
planar ring structures with conjugated π-bonding.
What is an alkyl halide?
a carbon bonded to one or more halogens.
How can alcohol be classified?
Alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on how many other carbons the alcohol carbon is bonded to.
What defines a phenol?
a hydroxyl group directly attached to an aromatic ring.
What is a carboxylic acid functional group?
a carbonyl group bonded to a hydroxyl group.
How are ethers and sulphides similar?
Both have an atom bonded to two carbons, but ethers have oxygen, and sulphides have sulphur.
What is the functional group in amines?
Amines have a nitrogen bonded to hydrogen and/or carbon.
What is the difference between esters and amides?
Esters have a carbonyl group bonded to an alkoxy group, while amides have a carbonyl group bonded to a nitrogen.
How are ketones and aldehydes related?
Both contain a carbonyl group, but ketones have the carbonyl group bonded to two carbons, while aldehydes have it bonded to one carbon and one hydrogen.
What is the functional group in nitriles?
Nitriles have a carbon triple-bonded to nitrogen.
