Functional Appliances Flashcards
When are functional appliances used?
Used in class II skeletal cases
How do functional appliances work?
- Change position of mandible - open and forwards
- Stretch muscles - apply force to bone and teeth
- Use growth
When should functional appliances be used?
During active growth - depend on stage of development
Dental - late mixed/ permanent mention
Emotional - motivation
Physical - height
What forces are used?
Functional forces applied to teeth and bone - condyle out of glenoid fossa
3 questions when thinking about using FA?
- Who - pt selection
- When - timing tx
- Which one - choice FA
What pt are ideal for this tx?
IDEAL: Class II div I w/ increased OJ
Class II div II - convert to class II div I THEN use FA
Class II molars
Actively growing
Aetiology of class II?
14% maxillary protrusion
86% mandibular retrusion
How to assess skeletal pattern?
Ceph analysis
Clinical examination: pt sitting upright and look at profile
When to avoid FA?
Non-motivated pt
Class I molar relationship - could cause class III
High FMPA - increased lower face height
How to measure standing height?
Height curve - take standing height = skeletal growth
Velocity curve - rate of growth per year
When does rapid growth occur for boys and girls?
Boys - 11-13
Girls - 10-12
What are the different types of FA?
- Twin block
- Activators
- Frankel
Give examples of activators?
MOA - medium opening activators
Andresen
Harvold
Bionator
Adv twin block appliance?
Aesthetic Pt can move the mandible Full time wear Robust Can expand upper arch Integrate w/ FA - at same time or following twin block
Explain MOA?
Type of activator
Can help correct increased OB
Lower posterior teeth free to erupt - eruption forwards help correct class II molar relationship
