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IODC - Orthodontics > Fixed Appliance - Theory and Components > Flashcards

Fixed Appliance - Theory and Components Flashcards

1
Q

What is theory behind FA - 4 steps?

A
  1. Bracket attached to tooth
  2. Interaction between bracket and arch wire
  3. Tooth movement
  4. Allow greater range of tooth movement
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2
Q

What are the 5 different types of tooth movement?

A
  1. Tipping - force on crown of tooth
  2. Bodily - movement crown and root
  3. Extrusion/ intrusion - toward occlusal plane/ up toward gingival margin
  4. Torque - tip crown generally stay same position - root moves
  5. Rotation
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3
Q

What movement can be achieved with FA?

A

All 5

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4
Q

What movements can be achieved with removal appliance?

A

Only tipping

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5
Q

What are problems with fixed appliances?

A
  1. Enamel demin/ caries
  2. Root resorption
  3. Soft tissue lacerations
  4. Periodontal problems
  5. Unwanted tooth movement
  6. Pulp devitalisation
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6
Q

Adv of FA?

A

Excellent tooth alignment in all 3 planes

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7
Q

Give informations re: bracket component

A

Pre-adjusted and made from stainless steel (can be ceramic or plastic)
Have tie-wings and slot (for arch wire)
Elastic module holds wire

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8
Q

What are the different shapes of arch wire?

A

Round wires - good for tipping teeth
Rectangular wires - bring full 3D movment as more contact in slot
Use round initially and then rectangular for final alignment and space closure

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9
Q

How apply bracket to teeth?

A

Base of bracket is stainless steel foil mesh
Etch and bond - composite applied to bracket base
Mechanical bond - strong enough to move teeth but weak enough to be removed w/o damaging teeth

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10
Q

What are aesthetic brackets?

A

Made from ceramic or placed lingually

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11
Q

Disadv plastic brackets?

A

Distort, discolour and fracture

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12
Q

Disadv ceramic brackets and when would you use?

A

Fracture - in use and on debond
Remnants left on teeth - need to use high speed
Abrasion of other teeth
Increased friction
cost
Only use lower arch if no overbite - mainly used upper arch only

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13
Q

When are lower and upper molar bands used?

A

Lower molar bands - single tube for arch wire - used to hook auxiliaries

Upper molar band - additional tube for headwear (not used for arch wire) - used to hook auxiliaries

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14
Q

When are separators used?

A

Between back molars - placed a week before to allow for easy placement of band

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15
Q

How to use molar bands?

A 
Available different sizes - use smallest size available 
Use aquacem (GIC to bond)
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16
Q

What are molar tubes?

A

Alternative to bands - don’t need separation
Not as sturdy and difficult isolation moisture - more likely to debond
Can’t be used w/ headgear

17
Q

What components make arch-wires different?

A

Functional, material, cross-section, shape

18
Q

Difference between active and passive arch wire?

A

Active - move teeth w/ wire - light force and flexible –> NiTi
Passive - move teeth along wire - rigid –> SS (bodily movements)

19
Q

Properties of NiTi wire?

A

Shape memory, super elastic, heat activated

20
Q

What is an alternative to elastic modules and adv?

A

Wire ligatures (SS) or quick ties - accumulate less plaque

21
Q

What is a self-ligating bracket?

A

Fixed appliance - don’t tie arch wire in w/ modules

Have gates to hold wire - specific instrument

22
Q

What is an auxiliaries?

A

Elastics or springs

23
Q

What are elastics and give examples?

A

Elastic bands that have different strengths and can be used in different directions

  1. Power-chain - used to close small space/ keep space closed
  2. Zing-string
  3. E-links - space closire
  4. Traction ligatures - modules on SS ligature
24
Q

Give examples of springs?

A

Push coil/ coil spring - push teeth apart

Closing coil

25
Q

What is in a fixed appliance kit?

A 
Short probe
Weingarts - for gripping arch wire
Tucker
Adams pliers - make bend arch wires
Distal end cutters 
Crown shears - cutting end quick-ties
Light wire pliers cutters - cutting light wire/ elastic

SWAT DCL

IODC - Orthodontics (18 decks)

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