Functional Anatomy of the Hand and Wrist

Question 1

What are the 3 wrist movers

Answer 1

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 2

3 finger movers

Answer 2

Extensor digitorum

Extensor digiti minimi

Extensor indicis

Question 3

3 thumb movers

Answer 3

Extensor Pollucis longus and brevis

Abductor Pollucis longus

Question 4

3 other muscles in the posterior forearm

Answer 4

Brachioradialis
Supinator
Anconeus

Question 5

What are the superficial muscles of the forearm

Answer 5

• Extensor carpi radialis longus
• Extensor carpi radialis brevis
• Extensor digitorum
• Extensor digiti minimi
• Extensor carpi ulnaris
• Brachioradialis • Anconeus

Question 6

What are the deep muscles of the posterior forearm

Answer 6

• Supinator
• Abductor pollicis longus • Extensor pollicis longus • Extensor pollicis brevis
• Extensor indicis

Question 7

What is the common extensor origin

Answer 7

Lateral epicondyle of thedistal humerus

Question 8

What nerve innervates the posterior forearm

Answer 8

Radial nerve all

Question 9

What type of joint is the wrist joint

Answer 9

Condyloid type synovial joint

Question 10

What makes up the wrist joint

Answer 10

Distal radius

Articulating with proximal carpal bones- scaphoid, lunate, triquetral

Question 11

Proximal row of carpal bones

Answer 11

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetral
Pisiform

Question 12

Distal row of carpal bones

Answer 12

Hamate
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium

Question 13

Which carpal bone is more commonly fractured and what complications can this lead to and why

Answer 13

Scaphoid and there is a high risk of avascular necrosis due to ‘retrograde blood supply’

Question 14

Where is the carpal tunnel

Answer 14

Between the carpal bones and flexor retinaculum

Question 15

What is contained within the carpal tunnel

Answer 15

The four tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis muscle,
The four tendons of flexor digitorum profundus muscle,
Tendon of flexor pollicis longus muscle
Median nerve.

Question 16

Radial border of anatomical snuffbox

Answer 16

Tendons of abductor pollucis longus and extensor pollucis brevis

Question 17

Ulnar border of anatomical snuffbox

Answer 17

Tendon of extensor pollucis longus

Question 18

Proximal border of anatomical snuffbox

Answer 18

Styloid process of the radius

Question 19

Floor of anatomical snuffbox

Answer 19

Scaphoid and trapezium

Question 20

Contents of anatomical snuffbox

Answer 20

Radial artery
Radial nerve
Cephalic vein

Question 21

What type of joint is the carpometacarpal joint

Answer 21

Metacarpal 1 - saddle

Metacarpal 2- plane joint

Question 22

What type of joint is the MCPJ joint

Answer 22

Condylar joint

Question 23

What type of joint is the inter phalangeal joint

Answer 23

Hinge joint

Question 24

What are the thenar muscles-

Answer 24

OAF

Abductor pollucis brevis
Flexor pollucis brevis
Opponens pollucis

Question 25

Hypothenar muscles

Answer 25

Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Opponens digiti minimi

Question 26

What intrinsic muscles does the median nerve innervates

Answer 26

LOAF

• lateral two lumbricals
• opponens pollucis
• abductor pollucis brevis
• flexor pollucis brevis

Ulnar innervates everything else

Question 27

What is the superficial branch contributed mostly by

Answer 27

Mostly ulnar

Question 28

What is the deep branch contributed mostly by

Answer 28

Radial

Question 29

Action of lumbricals

Answer 29

L shape for lumbricals

Flex MCPJ
Extend IPJ

Question 30

Action of interossei

Answer 30

Palmar adduct

Dorsal abduct