Functional Anatomy of Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
What are the two forms of Eukaryotic cell projections that are used for cellular locomotion?
- Flagella
2. Cilia
What is the basic arrangement of flagella and cilia? What is the protein called in microbules?
- 9 pairs of microtubules arranged in a ring, with 2 microtubules in the center of the ring
- - 9+2 array - Tubulin
What is the importance of Sterols in cell mem. of Euk. cells?
Sterols is associated w/ the ability of the mem. to resist lysis resulting from increased osmotic pressure.
What are the two types of Endocytosis? And what materials do they bring into the cells?
- Phagocytosis
- - Used be WBC’s to destroy bacteria and foreign substances - Pinocytosis
- - Used to bring ECF into the cell, along w/ whatever substances are dissolved in the fluid
What is the major difference in Pro. and Euk. cytoplasms?
- Pro. – No cytoskeleton or cytoplasmic streaming
- Euk – Cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic streaming
Note: cytoskeleton composition: microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules
What is the composition of cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules
What organelles do Euk. cells have, but not in Pro. cells?
Nucleus (nuclear envelope, pores, histones, etc) ER (rough ER - Protein formation, SER - lipid formation) Golgi complex/apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Chloroplasts Peroxisomes Centrosomes
What does centrosome consist of?
Pericentriolar material and centrioles
What ribosomes do mitochondria contain?
70S ribosomes
What ribosimes do chloroplasts contain?
70S ribosomes
How do mitochondria and chloroplasts divide?
By binary fission
The antibiotic amphothericin B disrupts plasma mem. by combining with sterols; it will affect all of the following cells except
a. Animal cells
b. Bacterial cells
c. Fungal cells
d. Mycoplasma cells
e. Plant cells
B
