FT Topic 3: GMOs and Gene Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Considered as the basic unit of inheritance

A

GENE

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2
Q

Segment of DNA strand that may or may not code for specific proteins which have different functions within the body

A

GENE

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3
Q

ALL of the genetic materials contained in the chromosome of an organism

A

GENOME

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4
Q

Artificial manipulation and alteration of a species’ genetic material in a laboratory

A

GENETIC ENGINEERING

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5
Q

involves the group of techniques used to cut up and join together genetic material, esp. DNA from different biological species, and to introduce the resulting hybrid DNA into an organism to form new combinations of heritable genetic material.

A

recombinant DNA technology

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6
Q

Usually associated with recombinant DNA technology

A

GENETIC ENGINEERING

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7
Q

Produces genetically modified organisms (GMOs)

A

GENETIC ENGINEERING

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8
Q

Plant, animal, bacteria, and virus genes may be combined or crossbred to produce another kind of species that do not naturally occur in the environment

A

GENETICALL MODIFIED ORGANISMS (GMOs)

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9
Q

A cow genetically modified to produce human-like milk

A

Rosita Isa

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10
Q

contain an extra gene that interrupts the transmission of avian flu

A

GM chickens

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11
Q

Designed by US company AquaBounty to be sold to consumers. It is engineered to reach market size in 18 months

A

GM salmon

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12
Q

discovery of DNA by ____________ opened possibilities of genetic engineering

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

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13
Q

When was the discovery of DNA?

A

1935

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14
Q

first to genetically modify an organism

A

Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen

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15
Q

What was the first genetically modifed organism?

A

genes of two different E. coli were combined

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16
Q

metabolic hormone for milk in dairy cows

A

bovine somatotropin

16
Q

What is the first approved GMO by FDA?

A

Humulin

17
Q

The first cloned animal

A

Dolly

18
Q

Who led the Dolly project?

A

o Ian Wilmut

19
Q

To address vitamin A deficiency in Asian countries

A

golden rice

20
Q

resistant to antibiotic kanamycin

A

Bacterium (1973) by Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen

21
Q

used in research a models of human disease

A

Mouse (1974) by Rudolf Jaenisch

22
Q

resistant to antibiotics

A

Tobacco (1983)

23
Q

Modified to biosynthesize beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A

A

GOLDEN RICE

24
Q

was developed in the late 1990s by German plant scientists Ingo Potrykus and Peter Beyer to combat vitamin A deficiency, the leading cause of childhood blindness

A

GOLDEN RICE

25
Q

Who developed Golden Rice?

A

Ingo Potrykus and Peter Beyer

26
Q

is a naturally occurring bacteria that is commonly found in soil and food

A

Bacillus thuringiensis (bt)

27
Q

The most successful microbial insecticide against different orders of insect pests in agriculture and medicine

A

Bacillus thuringiensis (bt)

28
Q

Method of inserting genes or nucleic acid into cells as a drug treatment for genetic diseases

A

GENE THERAPY

29
Q

proposed that people with genetic disorders can be treated by replacing defective DNA with good DNA

A

Theodore Friedman and Richard Roblin

30
Q

showed that cells of patients with adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA) can be corrected in tissue culture

A

Dr. W. French Anderson and Dr. Michael Blasse

31
Q

When was the first approved gene therapy clinical research

A

1990

32
Q

First somatic treatment producing a permanent genetic change

A

1993

33
Q

First commercial gene therapy product

A

Gendicine (2003)

34
Q

treats severe combined immunodeficiency due to ADA deficiency

A

Strimvelis

35
Q

field of study that presents novel management approaches on farming systems that may address concerns about the effect of GMOs on biodiversity and health of consumers

A

Agroecology