Fruit Morphology

Question 1

Concept of the Carpel

Answer 1

Origin of Ovary
-According to foliar theory
-ovary derived from leaf like structure that ovules were born
-throughout evolution leaf like structure produced a folded ovary

Question 2

Fruit

Answer 2

mature or ripened ovary of a flower along w its contents and accessory structures

Question 3

3 layers of the pericarp

Answer 3

exocarp-outer layer
mesocarp- middle layert
endocarp- inner later

Question 4

what is the pericarp

Answer 4

the fruit wall or the ovary wall

Question 5

fleshy fruits

Answer 5

have a fleshy paricarp

Question 6

Pepper

Answer 6

-fleshy fruit
-slightly expanded mesocarp
-fleshy rind with a central core composed of placental tissues where seeds are borne

Question 7

Tomato

Answer 7

-fleshy fruit
-fleshy mesocarp
-elaboration of seed bearing placental tissues that produce jelly
-thought to be poisonous in 1800s

Question 8

Peach

Answer 8

-Fleshy fruit
-fleshy mesocarp makes up edible bit
-pit is the endocarp

Question 9

Orange

Answer 9

-Fleshy fruit
-edible part is hairs on the inside of endocarp
-citrus

Question 10

Fruit type of Citrus

Answer 10

Hesperidium

Question 11

skin of citrus fruit

Answer 11

is the exocarp and mesocarp
-covered with pockets filled with aromatic oils

Question 12

endocarp of citrus

Answer 12

-highly modified fleshy hairs
-fleshy hairs fill cavity of ovary
-hairs filled with watery solution and sugars and acids

Question 13

What methods do people use to “ripen” orange

Answer 13

-Cool temperatures stimulate carotene(orange pigment)
-use of ethylene to change colour from green to orange

Question 14

Bloods(orange)

Answer 14

anthocyanin

Question 15

Normals(orange)

Answer 15

richly flavored juice
juice is filtered, pulp and peel controlled, freeze dried

Question 16

Navels

Answer 16

-Eating orange
-formed by a small abnormal ovary the “Navel”
-pollen non functional
-rarely produce seeds
-propagated asexually

Question 17

Raspberry

Answer 17

Aggregated Fruit, consisting of many drupletes on a receptacle

Question 18

Nectarines

Answer 18

Peach w no fuzz

Question 19

Freestone(peach)

Answer 19

have pits(endocarp), separates easily from mesocarp(flesh)

Question 20

Cling(peaches)

Answer 20

mesocarp sticks to pits tight

Question 21

Dry Fruits

Answer 21

peroicarp dry @ maturity

Question 22

Indehiscent

Answer 22

Nonsplitting-seeds & ovaries tgthr(sunflower grains)

Question 23

Deshiscent

Answer 23

Splitting(peas)

Question 24

Strawberry

Answer 24

-Dry fruit
-red part recepticle

Question 25

Wheat

Answer 25

-indehiscent fruit called a caryopsis
-seed coat fused to ovary wall

Question 26

Peas

Answer 26

-dry Indehiscent fruit
fruit split along 2 opposite margins of pod

Question 27

Superior Ovary

Answer 27

-Ovary Born above sepals and Petals
tomatos, peach, cherry

Question 28

Inferior Ovary

Answer 28

-Ovary Posistioned below attachment of sepals and petals
-fleshy parts can result from enlargement of pericarp and accessory tissues
pome fruites–> apple, pears, saskatoons

Question 29

Apple

Answer 29

Inferior ovary
Multi Carpel