Flower Morphology Flashcards
Flower
-Reproductive organ of angiosperm
-produces fruit
-adaptation to environment depended on for reproductive success of angiosperm
-lots of diversity for diff polinators
fruit
Ovary with seed enclosed
How does a flower develop
-develops in a bud, apical meristem stops -producing vegitative structures and starts producing flowers
-sometimes axillary buds will produce flowers
-floral structures considered to be specialized leaves
Receptacle
region where floral parts are attached
sepals
outermost whorl of leaf-like floral parts
-protect the inner parts of the flower from damage and desiccation before it opens.
what is the collective sepals
calyx
Petals
-collectively called carola
-very diverse
vary in symmetry, attachment etc
apetalous
no petals(wheat)
sympetalous
petals are partially or completetly fused
choripetalous
petals are seperate
regular symmetry
all floral parts are of similar shape and size
irregular symmetry
all floral parts not same shape or size
Stamens
-Pollen bearing structure
-includes anther(polen containing and filament)
male
what are collective stamens called
androecium “male house”
Pistil
includes ovary, stigma, style
how does fertilization happen in pistil
pollen lands on stigma and germinates, the polen tube then grows through style to reach ovule for fertilization
ovary is divided into chambers called
what do they contain
carpels
ovules
what are collective carpels called
gynoecium”Female house”
Complete Flowers
-contain all floral components including sepals, petals,stamens, and carpels
incomplete flowers
contain all floral components including sepals, petals, stamens, carpels
Perfect Flowers
have both female and male reproductive structures
stamen and pistil respectively
Imperfect flowers
have only female or only male structrues
stamen or pistil respectively
peduncle
stalk between inflorescence
inflorescence
flowers arranged in a floral axis
spike unbranched inflorescence
flowers attached directly to central axis
raceme unbranched
flowers attached by pedicels to central axis
panicle branched raceme
idk
umbel flowers
attached by pedicels which arise from common point -simple or compound
corymb unbranched
pedicels of unequal length alternatively attached along central axis
-forms flat topped cluster
head
peduncle with flowers attached directly to broad receptacle
Megasporagenesis
female
megaspores formed through meiosis
-3 megaphores degenerate, 1 develops through mitosis into a 8 nucleate embryonic sac
microsporagenesis
microspores formed through meiosis
each microspore forms a pollen grain
Ovary
develops into fruit(sometimes composed of more than one ovary and additional tissues)
Ovule
Develops into seed
integuements
what is it part of
parts of ovule
develops into testa(seed coat)
Nucellus
what is it part of
what does it develop into
part of ovule
develops into perisperm(usually absent or replaced at maturity, sometimes storage tissue)
2 polar nuclei & sperm nucleus develops into
endosperm(3n)
egg nucleus and sperm nucleus –>
1n+1n–> 2N
zygot or embryo
