From genes to proteins

Question 1

template is read

Answer 1

3’-5’

Question 2

complementary strand is formed

Answer 2

5’-3’

Question 3

role of RNA primase in DNA replication

Answer 3

makes a RNA primer, to act act as a scaffold (will later be removed (by DNA polymerase, not 1 or 3)

Question 4

Enzymes responsible for synthesising new strands

Answer 4

DNA polymerases III and I

Question 5

Enzyme wich joins okazaki fragments (LAGGING STRAND)

Answer 5

DNA ligase

Question 6

Transcription Factors

Answer 6

proteins which assist RNA polymerase to bind to the promoter sequence

Question 7

separation of strands during transcription

Answer 7

intrinsic helicase activity of RNA polymerase

Question 8

promoter region

Answer 8

where RNA polymerase binds (TATA)

Question 9

enzymes which attach correct amino acid to tRNA

Answer 9

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

Question 10

initiation

Answer 10

ribosome is assembled in the correct place on an mRNA

Question 11

elongation/translocation

Answer 11

correct amino acid is brought to the ribosome by tRNA, is joined to the the growing polypeptide chain

Question 12

termination

Answer 12

occurs when a stop codon is reached and no amino acid can be added to the chain

Question 13

Gene regulation

Answer 13

• transcription factors
• histone acetylation
• regulatory proteins; affect the way DNA unwinds at needed site.