freud

Question 1

intro

Answer 1

Freuds psychodynamic theory suggests that our adulthood personality is determined by childhood experiences, if adulthood personality is agression due to fixation in a stage where not another pleasure was received.

also suggests that our behaviour is motivated by sexual drives therefore aggressive behaviour unavoidable part of human life as we are born with instinct, the expression of agression is then determined by environment- childhood experiences

Question 2

A01.1

Answer 2

• ID develops at birth, pleasure principle, acts to gain immediate reward
• ego, reality principle balances ID and super egos impulses
• superego, morality principle, either punishes or gives pride to ego, knows right from wrong

strong superego can either develop from an overly strict parent, craves punishment from superego- act agressively, or strong superego prevents expressing agression therefore builds up and overwhelms the ego leading to impulsive violence

Question 3

A03.1

Answer 3

strength: megadree studie a series of cases where people who are regarded as harmless carry out acts of violence e.g. 11 year old boy who stabbed his brother 34 times with a stake knife, who was described as polity and softly spoken no previous history of agression. demonstrates may have strong superego, normally acts I order with superego, morally and in right way but anger builds up never expressed agression.

weakness: concepts from psychodynamic are unfalsifiable strong superego cant be proved true as impossible to test scientifically

Question 4

A01.2

Answer 4

maternal bond- ability form meaningful warm relationships in adulthood is dependant on whether were able to form a close continious bond with mother during childhood- if not, lead to affection less psychopathy, lack of empathy and guilt- engagement in agression

weak superego develops due to absesnse of same sex parent during childhood, haven’t internalised morals therefore act according to the ID gaining immediate reward with a lack of enforced guilt from superego, girls seen to have weaker superego due to lack of castration anxiety

Question 5

A03.3

Answer 5

strength: bowbly found that in 44 juvenile thieves 14 had affection less psychopathy and out of these 14 12 had separation from mothers in first 2 years compared to 2/14 controls

weakness: SLT, observation and imitation of role model can lead to aggression- BANDURA

Question 6

application

Answer 6

been able to help reduce agression and come to self knowledge about their agression. psychoanalysis which involves looking in dreams and explaining potential reasoning of unconscious thoughts and helps them use defence mechanism,transfer feelings onto something e.g. slamming door