Fresh and Saltwater Systems: Checkpoint 1/2

Question 1

What percent of earths surface is made of water?

Answer 1

71%

Question 2

What are the two influences on the many variations of earths water supply?

Answer 2

Natural occurrences and human activities.

Question 3

What water do humans drink?

Answer 3

fresh, potable water

Question 4

Earths water exists in what three forms?

Answer 4

ice, liquid and gas(vapour)

Question 5

What does the water cycle control?

Answer 5

the distribution of water on earth

Question 6

fresh water makes up what percent of earths water?

Answer 6

3%

Question 7

potable water makes up what percent of earths water?

Answer 7

0.03%

Question 8

Why is there such a small amount of fresh water?

Answer 8

it trickles under the earths surface, we don’t live close to it, or it is salt water.

Question 9

What are the four oceans?

Answer 9

Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Indian

Question 10

What is the difference between an ocean and a sea?

Answer 10

seas are smaller, not as vast, and not as deep as oceans.

Question 11

True or False: Oceans and seas are considered freshwater systems

Answer 11

false

Question 12

Why is the ocean salty but rivers that are connected to oceans are not?

Answer 12

because rivers deposit minerals and salts into the oceans, which over time makes the oceans salt concentration very high.

Question 13

Why is Great Britain warmer than Edmonton?

Answer 13

The global conveyor belt of heat transports warm water to the coasts near Great Britain

Question 14

What is a current?

Answer 14

A stream of water that moves within a larger body of water. Carries warmer & colder water to different areas

Question 15

Surface water currents mainly caused by what two things?

Answer 15

wind and earths rotation

Question 16

Deep water currents mainly caused by what three things?

Answer 16

salinity level, temperture, and earths rotation

Question 17

True or False: Warm or cold currents greatly influence the climates on land

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Can the temperture of an ocean current effect not only the climate on land, but also the amount of precipitation we get?

Answer 18

yes it can!

Question 19

If there are winds over a warm current, how much rain do you expect?

Answer 19

a lot

Question 20

If there are winds over a cold current, how much rain should you expect?

Answer 20

none to very little

Question 21

True of False: Waves move water

Answer 21

false. Waves do not move water.

Question 22

What are waves?

Answer 22

Up and down movements on the surface of all bodies of water, even small puddles, have waves!

Question 23

What is a swell?

Answer 23

Large waves combine to form a swell

Question 24

What are the factors affecting a swell?

Answer 24

Large wind speeds
Distance the wind blows over the water (called fetch)
Time wind has blown over fetch

Question 25

What is a tide?

Answer 25

Daily changes in water level of the oceans

Question 26

What are high and low tides, and how many do we get of each a day?

Answer 26

High Tide – highest water level along the coast
Low Tide – lowest water level along the coast
Tidal changes are seen regularly along the coast. There are 2 high tides and 2 low tides a day

Question 27

What three things are tides caused by?

Answer 27

The moon’s gravitational force is the primary cause of tides, Centripetal force causes water to bulge more at the equator, The sun also has an influence, but it is very small

Question 28

What is a Rip Tide?

Answer 28

When the tide is receding (high tide to low tide) through an estuary it can pull a large amount of water through a narrow gap, this can pull objects off into sea very quickly.

Question 29

What is the Lithosphere?

Answer 29

the solid outer part of the earth, made primarilly of rock.

Question 30

What is climate?

Answer 30

Average weather measured over a long period of time.

Question 31

What is a chinook wind?

Answer 31

Chinooks are abnormally warm winds that sweep across the prairies. They are created by a rain shadow effect from the Rocky Mountains.

Question 32

What is the rain shadow effect?

Answer 32

• Warm moist air from the ocean moves over land
• As it moves over the land it deposits most of the moisture (especially at high elevations)
• What’s left is a warm dry air with very little moisture