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Flashcardlet > French Revolution/Napoleon > Flashcards

French Revolution/Napoleon Flashcards

0
Q

Who was in the 1st Estate?

A

Catholic clergy members- 1% of population 10% of land

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1
Q

Which estate made up 80% of the population?

A

Third Estate

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2
Q

Who made up the 2nd estate?

A

Rich Nobles-2% of population 20% of land

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3
Q

Who was in the 3rd Estate?

A

Bourgeoisie- well educated sometimes more rich than nobles
Urban Workers-very poor often out of work
Peasants-mostly farmers

97% of population

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4
Q

Who were extravagant spenders in France?

A

Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI

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5
Q

Marie Antoinette’s nickname

A

Madame Defecit

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6
Q

What was the meeting of the Estates General?

A

Assembly to agree on a new tax

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7
Q

What was the old way of the Estates General?

A

Each estate met separately and had one vote

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8
Q

How did the 3rd estate want to meet?

A

Everyone together and each delegate to have one vote

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9
Q

What was the National Assembly?

A

Third Estate delegates proclaimed end of monarchy

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10
Q

What was the 1st deliberate act of revolution in France?

A

The National Assembly

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11
Q

What was the Tennis Court Oath?

A

National Assembly broke into tennis courts and promised to stay until a new constitution was written

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12
Q

What was the Great Fear?

A

Peasants burned paperwork that forced them to pay taxes to nobles

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13
Q

What did the women who marched on Versailles demand?

A

Cheaper bread and Louis and Marie to come back to Paris

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14
Q

What were the 4 natural rights in the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

A

Life, Liberty, Security, and Resistance to Oppression

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15
Q

What did the Assembly to in France?

A

State controlled church-church officials elected; sold church land

Established freedom of speech and religion

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16
Q

What body was created when France became a constitutional monarchy?

A

The Legislative Assembly

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17
Q

Who sat on the right; left; in the middle?

A

R- conservatives; opposed monarchy

L-radicals; wanted limited monarchy

M- moderates

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18
Q

Who were the Émigrés?

A

Nobles and others who fled France-wanted old regime back

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19
Q

Who were the Sans-Culottes?

A

They wore long pants- common people

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20
Q

What did Austria and Prussia demand to ensure France wouldn’t be attacked?

A

That Louis and Marie weren’t hurt

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21
Q

What was the September Massacre?

A

French people raided prisons and killed 1st and 2nd estate members

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22
Q

What did the National Convention do?

A

Deposed king
Dissolved assembly
Declared France a republic

23
Q

What did Jean-Paul Marat do?

A

Printed lists of people he thought should be killed

24
Q

Another important Jacobin

A

Danton

25
Q

What was the guillotine?

A

Machine used for execution in France

26
Q

What age citizens were drafted?

A

18-40

27
Q

What did Robspierre do?

A

Changed calendar-no Sunday-renamed days; closed all churches in Paris

28
Q

Who ruled in the reign of terror?

A

Robspierre

29
Q

What was the new system after Robspierre?

A

2 legislative houses; executive body of 5 men called the Directory

30
Q

What did Napoleon do to scare royalist protesters?

A

Fired blanks in the cannons and scared them away without killing or destroying anything

31
Q

What took the place of the Directory?

A

A group of 3 consoles-people ruling together

32
Q

What is a Coup’d’etat?

A

Sudden seizure of power- means blow to the state

33
Q

What is a plebiscite?

A

Vote of the people

34
Q

What was Napoleons Plebiscite for?

A

A new construction that made him the only ruler

35
Q

What did Napoleon do to help the economy?

A

Efficient tax collection; national bank; set up lycees

36
Q

What is a lycée?

A

Public school

37
Q

How did Napoleon fix the religious problem in France?

A

Signing agreement with pope saying that he recognized church authority in his country

38
Q

What legal system did Napoleon create?

A

Napoleonic code

39
Q

What unprecedented thing did Napoleon do?

A

Took crown from pope and crowned HIMSELF emporer

40
Q

What French colony demanded rights?

A

Saint Dominigue

41
Q

Who did Napoleon sell his American land to?

A

Thomas Jefferson

42
Q

Who fought against France in battle of Trafalgar?

A

Britain, Russia, Australia, and Sweden

43
Q

Who led the British in Trafalgar?

A

Nelson

44
Q

Who did Napoleon marry?

A

Marie Louise

45
Q

What were Napoleons 3 mistakes?

A
  1. Continental System-blockade of Brittain
  2. Peninsular War- sent army through Spain to get to Portugal
  3. Invaded Russia- they tricked him by leading him inland behind a burnt path
46
Q

Where was Napoleon exiled the first time?

A

Elba

47
Q

What happened when Nap. Escaped Elba.

A

Became emporer of France again and defeated again

48
Q

Where was he exiled to 2nd time?

A

St. Helena

49
Q

What was the Congress of Vienna?

A

Meetings to rebuild Europe

50
Q

Who’s ideas were used in the congress?

A

Matter much

51
Q

What were Matternich’s ideas?

A
  • surround France with strong countries

- restore a balance of power

52
Q

What was the Holy Alliance?

A

Alliance between Russia, Austria, Prussia to stop the revolution

53
Q

Concert of Europe

A

European nations would help each other if rebellion broke out; bigger than Holy Alliance

54
Q

Where did revolutionary ideas spread?

A

Latin America

55
Q

What is Nationalism?

A

Citizens share same beliefs with each other and government; people come from same culture

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