French rev review Flashcards
The first to claim that the earth was not the center of the universe
Copernicus
Father of experimental science, published “the starry messenger”
Galileo
Wrote principles of mathematics (known for his law of optics, gravity, motion, and inertia )
Sir Isaac Newton
Properties of gases and pressure
Boyle
Political philosopher who started the idea of a social contract. Wrote Leviathan
Hobbes
Believe in natural rights; life, liberty, property
Locke
Separation powers, checks and balances
Montesquieu
Father of the French revolution, champion human freedom key ideas; All man are equal/majority rules
Rousseau
Founder of economics, capitalism and free trade. Proposed laissez faire
Adam Smith
Wrote “ commentaries on the laws of England“. Influenced English and American common law
William Blackstone
Argued on behalf of women’s rights
Mary Wollstonecraf
Propose that there be no “no cruel and unusual punishments “
Beccaria
Advocated for religious freedom, free speech, intolerance and reason
Voltaire
Wrote declaration of independence
Jefferson
First man elected president. Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army
George Washington
Wrote the French declaration (of the rights of man and citizen )
Lafayette
Married to Louis the 16th, un popular, extravagant spending
Marie Antoinette
Married to Marie Antoinette. decreased the death of France by loaning money to the Americas for the revolution
Louis the 16th
Minister of justice, let the committee of Public Safety until he was executed
Danton
Published “friend of the people “stabbed in The bathtub
Marat
Executed Danton . Wanted to control and create a new order in France
Robespierre
Took control of France and “saved the revolution” won many battles and restored order
Napoleon
British military power who fought against Napoleon
Duke of Wellington
Married Napoleon for his money in 1792
Josephine Bonaparte
Great Britain’s greatest naval hero famous for the battle of Trafalgar
Lord Horatio Nelson
What happened to Galileo after he wrote his heliocentric theory of the cosmos?
The church brought Galileo before an inquisition forced him to recant
Can you list 3 to 4 contributions made to science and math by newton
The laws of optics, gravity, and motion
Can you list the natural rights Locke said a government should protect
Life, liberty, and property
What was locks radical idea regarding what people are allowed to do if their government fails to protect their natural rights
Then the people have the right to revolt and replace the ruler or government
Can you list the two sides that fought in the English Civil War plus nicknames for both sides and the leaders for both sides
King Charles let the royalist, nickname; the Cavaliers
Oliver Cromwell led the roundheads, nickname Puritans
What army did Oliver Cromwell lead
Led the new model army
What was the outcome of the English of the war? Who was executed? Who know ruled
King Charles lost the war and was the 1st king to be publicly tried and executed for treason
What was restored during the restoration? And what was the monarch that was placed back on the throne
King Charles second was placed back on the throne, this restored the British monarchy
Why was the glorious revolution glorious? And who were the two monarchs that came over to England
One, no shots were fired, it was a bloodless revolution
two, it ended the divine right of kings.
Three, the new king and queen were willing to share power with Parliament.
William and Mary were the two monarchs That came to rule
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence and the date
Thomas Jefferson July 4, 1776
Can you list the three estates of the old regime
1clergy- church
2 nobility.
3 people of France (bourgeoise)
Can you list 3 to 4 causes of the French revolution
- Extravagant spending and privileges of the nobility
- Influence of the philosophers of the enlightenment
- Influence of the American revolution
What was the start of the French revolution
The storming of Bastille
What happened to king Louis 16th and Marie Antoinnette
They were executed by the guillotine
What started the reign of terror? And what ended there in a tarot
Started: Marat stabbed in bathtub
End: execution of rebespierre
What was the model of the French revolution
“ Liberty equality fraternity
What was napoleons proudest longest lasting achievement
Publishing the Napoleonic code or the French civil code of laws
How did Napoleon come to power
Seized France during a coup d’ etat
What was the number one mistake made by Napoleon
In 1812, he invaded Russia in the winter
Can you list the two countries that fought the battle of Waterloo and the 2 leaders
Fance: Napoleon
Britain: Duke of Wellington
