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Question 1

جان کلام the main idea and meaning of what someone has said or written. the — of. The — of his argument is that full employment is impossible. Don’t worry about all the details as long as you get the — (= understand the main meaning ) of it.

Answer 1

gist

Question 2

1 an increase in something. — in. an — in sales. 2 a feeling of happiness and hope

Answer 2

uplift

Question 3

قطب جنوب

Answer 3

antarctica

Question 4

the study of the forming and movement of the large sheets of rock that form the surface of the Earth

Answer 4

plate tectonics noun [ uncountable ]

Question 5

رد کردن نظریه to show that something is wrong or not true OPP prove. These figures — Smith’s argument.

Answer 5

disprove

Question 6

پیچیدگی 1 having a lot of small parts or details put together in a complicated way SYN intricate. pure silks embroidered with — patterns

Answer 6

elaborate

Question 7

elaborate

Answer 7

intricate

Question 8

carefully planned and organized in great detail SYN complex. a very — telecommunications network

Answer 8

elaborate

Question 9

water that has frozen into a solid state : — cubes in her Coke | the — on the lake

Answer 9

ice

Question 10

an area of thick ice that permanently covers the North and South Poles : We all know that the polar — are melting because of global warming.

Answer 10

ice cap

Question 11

a very large mass of ice floating in the sea, most of which is under the surface of the water : The ship sank after hitting an — in the North Atlantic.

Answer 11

iceberg

Question 12

a large mass of ice which moves slowly down a mountain valley : The high mountain — of South America and Asia are melting at an alarming rate.

Answer 12

glacier

Question 13

frozen balls of ice which fall like rain from the sky : — as big as marbles flattened the crops.

Answer 13

hailstones

Question 14

a thin coating of white powder-like ice that forms on the ground and plants, or the weather conditions in which this powder appears : There was — on the ground.

Answer 14

frost

Question 15

a long thin pointed piece of ice that hangs from a roof or other surface : There were — hanging down from the side of the house.

Answer 15

icicle

Question 16

an area of ice that is very difficult to see on a road : Driving conditions are dangerous, with — in many areas.

Answer 16

black ice

Question 17

to remove something from a surface using the edge of a knife, a stick etc : — the carrots and slice them thinly.

Answer 17

scrape

Question 18

تراشیدن یه چیزی از روی یه چیز دیگه

Answer 18

scrape something off/into etc something.

Question 19

to make a noise by rubbing roughly against a surface. Chairs — loudly as they stood up. — (something) on/down/against something. He opened the gate quietly, trying not to let it — on the gravel.

Answer 19

scraped

Question 20

عملی dealing with problems in a sensible practical way instead of strictly following a set of ideas. Williams took a more — approach to management problems.

Answer 20

pragmatic adjective

Question 21

سخن something you say. Politicians are judged by their public —. 2 [ uncountable ] the action of saying something

Answer 21

utterance noun formal

Question 22

1 an opinion that is stated publicly SYN stand. — on What is your — on environmental issues? — against a strong — against abortion. take/adopt a —. The President has adopted a tough — on terrorism.

Answer 22

stance noun

Question 23

the opinions and feelings that you usually have about something, especially when this is shown in your behaviour : As soon as they found out I was a doctor, their whole — changed. — to/towards. The people have a very positive — to life.

Answer 23

attitude noun

Question 24

an — situation is one that is unusual or amusing because something strange happens, or the opposite of what is expected happens or is true. Your car was stolen at the police station! How —! It’s — that her husband smoked for thirty years, and yet she’s the one who died of lung cancer.

Answer 24

ironic adjective

Question 25

using words that are the opposite of what you really mean, often in a joking way. — comments. When I told Lucy I loved her book, she thought I was being —. → sarcastic

Answer 25

ironic

Question 26

saying things that are the opposite of what you mean, in order to make an unkind joke or to show that you are annoyed : Was she being —? — remark/comment/question. He can’t help making — comments. — manner/smile/laugh etc. ‘I thought so,’ she said with a — smile.

Answer 26

sarcastic adjective

Question 27

گلچین کردن a short piece taken from a book, poem, piece of music etc SYN extract.— of/from. An — of the speech appeared in the Sunday paper.

Answer 27

excerpt noun [ countable ]

Question 28

[ usually before noun ] of a good enough standard or quality. a — salary. Don’t you have a — jacket?. a house with a — -sized yard. Their in-flight magazine is halfway — (= quite good ) .

Answer 28

decent adjective

Question 29

following moral standards that are acceptable to society — citizens/people/folk etc. The majority of residents here are — citizens. a — burial. Paul visited the local bars more frequently than was — for a senior lecturer. The chairman did the — thing (= did what people thought he ought to ) and resigned.

Answer 29

decent

Question 30

[ usually before noun ] treating people in a fair and kind way : I decided her father was a — guy after all. It was — of you to show up today.

Answer 30

decent

Question 31

good enough - often used when something reaches a fairly good standard, but is not of a high standard : Her grades are —. | For a beginner, this camera produces — results.

Answer 31

satisfactory

Question 32

(spoken) not bad, but not very good : The meal was —, but rather expensive. | ‘How was the film?’ ‘It was —.’

Answer 32

all right/OK

Question 33

plan, to think carefully about how you are going to do sth and plan a good way of doing it: UN negotiators have —ed — a set of compromise proposals. We need to — how to get there.

Answer 33

work (something) out

Question 34

گریز زدن to talk or write about something that is not your main subject. Do you mind if I — for a moment? After several long — he finally reached the interesting part of the story.

Answer 34

digress verb [ intransitive ] digressions

Question 35

1 to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time SYN maintain. She found it difficult to — the children’s interest. He was incapable of —ing close relationships with women. the policies necessary to — economic growth. 2 to suffer damage, an injury, or loss of money. Two of the firefighters —ed serious injuries. Some nearby buildings —ed minor damage. The company has —ed heavy financial losses this year.

Answer 35

sustain verb [ transitive ]

Question 36

تخصیص دادن to use a particular amount of time for something, or give a particular share of money, space etc to someone or something SYN allocate. — something to something/somebody. Try and — two or three hours a day to revision. Each school will be —ted twenty seats. — somebody something. Everyone who works for the company has been —ted ten shares.

Answer 36

allot verb ( past tense and past participle allotted , present participle allotting )

Question 37

پشیمان شدن to feel sorry about something you have done and wish you had not done it. Don’t do anything you might —. — doing something. I — leaving school so young. — (that). He was beginning to — that he’d come along.

Answer 37

regret verb ( past tense and past participle regretted , present participle regretting )

Question 38

سرفصل a set of instructions or an explanation in a book, examination paper etc. 2 a title under which particular things are mentioned or discussed. The names were listed under the — ‘Contributors’.

Answer 38

rubric noun [ countable ]

Question 39

جامع سرجمع considering a person or thing as a whole, rather than as separate parts. a — approach to design. 2 — medicine/treatment/healing etc medical treatment based on the belief that the whole person must be treated, not just the part of their body that has a disease

Answer 39

holistic adjective

Question 40

to tell another person the information that has been told to you : She’s with a client at the moment, but I’ll — her. | If I get any news, I’ll —.

Answer 40

pass a message on to somebody ( also pass it on informal ) pass it on

Question 41

to give someone all the necessary information about a situation, so that they can do their work : Police officers were —ed before going out to arrest the suspects.

Answer 41

brief

Question 42

(formal) to tell someone about a series of events : The guide —ed the history of the castle, from the 1300s onwards.

Answer 42

recount

Question 43

نظر کسی رو به چیزی جذب کردن to tell someone about something that they did not know about, but which they need to know about : I wanted to (2) your attention. | She was the first person to study the effects of pesticides, and to (3) people’s attention.

Answer 43

bring something to sb’s attention (2)bring the matter to (3)bring them to

Question 44

(informal) to tell someone about things that have happened recently, especially at work : Can you (2) on the progress we’ve made while he’s been on holiday?

Answer 44

fill somebody in (2)fill Robert in

Question 45

to write a short piece of information quickly. Let me — your number and I’ll call you tomorrow.

Answer 45

jot something ↔ down phrasal verb

Question 46

بینش و بصیرت a sudden clear understanding of something or part of something, especially a complicated situation or idea. — into. The article gives us a real — into the causes of the present economic crisis. The research provides new —s into the way we process language. the ability to understand and realize what people or situations are really like : a woman of great —

Answer 46

insight

Question 47

an opinion that everyone in a group agrees with or accepts SYN agreement. — on/about. a lack of — about the aims of the project. — that. There is a — among teachers that children should have a broad understanding of the world.

Answer 47

consensus

Question 48

to provide new information about something, making it easier to understand :
research findings that (1) the origin of our universe
The numerous biographies of Baldwin (2) the subject.

Answer 48

cast light on/onto something

(1) cast new light on
(2) cast little light on

Question 49

to make people feel less certain about something :  
Her documentary (1) Gilligan’s conviction.

Answer 49

cast doubt(s) on something   
(1) casts serious doubt on

Question 50

to read or look at something very carefully for a long time : She was (1) a book.

Answer 50

pore over something phrasal verb

(1) poring over

Question 51

حکایتی consisting of short stories based on someone’s personal experience. His findings are based on — evidence rather than serious research.

Answer 51

anecdotal

Question 52

to invent a new word or expression, especially one that many people start to use :
The word ‘aromatherapy’ was —ed in the 1920s.

Answer 52

coin

Question 53

to suddenly feel so frightened that you cannot think clearly or behave sensibly, or to make someone do this:
He started to — when he saw the gun.
Don’t —! We’ll soon get you out of there.
— somebody into doing something
The protests became more violent and many people were —ed into leaving the country.

Answer 53

panic

Question 54

— to something very similar to something :

Something — to panic overwhelmed him.

Answer 54

akin (formal)

Question 55

محبت كرديد امروز تشريف اورديد.

Answer 55

It was decent of you to show up today.

Question 56

to gradually start using a new system, law, process etc:

The new tests will be —d — over the next two years.

Answer 56

phase something ↔ in phrasal verb

Question 57

to gradually stop using or providing something:

The subsidy for company cars is to be —d — next year.

Answer 57

phase something ↔ out phrasal verb

Question 58

unusual or strange and often amusing :

He has a wonderful whimsical sense of humor.

Answer 58

whimsical adjective (for example: whimsical illustration)

Question 59

تیپ خاص کارهای هنری، مقالات، موزیک و غیره

He has written novels in several —s, most notably science fictions.

Answer 59

genre (ژانرا تلفظ می شود)

Question 60

طرفدار ورزش یا افراد خاص

Groups of football —s began heading towards the ground. He’s a big — of Elvis Presley.

Answer 60

fan معنی پنکه هم می دهد

Question 61

(formal) to grow or develop quickly :

the —ing market for digital cameras

Answer 61

burgeon / bɜdʒ ə n $ bɜr- / verb [ intransitive ]

Question 62

پی بردن to form an opinion that something is probably true because of information that you have
— something from something
A lot can be —red from these statistics.
— that
From the evidence, we can — that the victim knew her killer.

Answer 62

infer