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WSET Diploma D4 - Sparkling Wine > Franciacorta > Flashcards

Franciacorta Flashcards

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1
Q

True or False

Franciacorta is Italy’s second largest region for traditional method wine.

A

False. It is the largest

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2
Q

Which varietals are typically used in the production of Franciacorta?

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

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3
Q

Where is Franciacorta DOCG located?

A

In Lombardia, on the south of Lake Iseo

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4
Q

What has been the marketing position of Franciacorta wines in relation to the international market?

A

That Franciacorta is an “Italian-made” competitor to very good and outstanding Champagne

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5
Q

What is the typical character of Franciacorta wine?

A

Medium (+) acid

Medium alcohol

Ripe apple and peach with biscuity autolytic notes

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6
Q

What is the typical quality level and pricing of Franciacorta wine?

A

Very good or outstanding

Premium priced

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7
Q

What denomination are the still red and white wines produced in the Franciacorta zone captured under?

A

Curtefranca DOC

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8
Q

What is the topography of Franciacorta DOCG?

A

A compact zone mostly surrounded by low hills with Lake Iseo to the north

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9
Q

What is the climate of Franciacorta DOCG?

A

Warm continental with moderating influences such as cool air descending from the Alps and the temperature regulation of Lake Iseo.

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10
Q

How regularly does fruit ripen in Franciacorta? Do the grapes retain acidity?

A

The grapes ripen regularly and retain high acidity

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11
Q

What soil type defines Franciacorta DOCG?

A

None. The area was formed by glacial action and six major soil types have been defined.

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12
Q

What defines the permissible growing locations for grapes in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

The specific, delimited vineyard areas are defined as mineral rich, granular-sized, calcareous gravel and sandy moraine soils covering a limestone bedrock.

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13
Q

What effect do the multiple soil types have on the expression of Franciacorta wines?

A

Grapes grown on different soils variously express floral, dried fruit, spicy, and vegetal notes. These attributes can be managed through blending.

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14
Q

Regarding rainfall, what makes the Franciacorta DOCG especially suitable for viticulture?

A

Nearly half of the region’s annual rainfall occurs in autumn and winter, providing an even and light precipitation during the growing season.

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15
Q

Is irrigation permitted in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

Yes, and many growers have irrigation installed

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16
Q

When does harvest occur in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

From the second week of August into September, avoiding autumn rains

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17
Q

When does harvest in Franciacorta take place in comparison to Trentodoc?

A

Earlier

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18
Q

Is vintage variation high or low in Franciacorta?

A

Low, with particularly cool and rainy seasons being the exception (2014)

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19
Q

What plantings dominate the Franciacorta DOCG?

A

Chardonnay (75%)

20
Q

In addition to Chardonnay and Pinot Noir, what other grape continues to be grown but is no longer planted in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

Pinot Blanc

21
Q

What is the minimum planting density in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

4,500 plants/ha

22
Q

True or False

Heavy cropping training systems such as Geneva Double Curtain and Pergola are permitted in Franciacorta DOCG.

A

False

23
Q

Which training systems have become the norm in Franciacorta DOCG since the 1990s?

A

Cordon training with spur pruning

Head training with replacement cane pruning (Guyot)

24
Q

What percentage of Franciacorta producers are organic?

A

75%

25
Q

Are there a large number of growers and cooperatives in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

No. There are no cooperatives and nearly all grapes are estate-grown.

26
Q

What is the requirement for pressing grapes destined for white Franciacorta wine?

A

Whole bunch pressing. This ensures high quality juice with minimal phenolic content.

27
Q

In addition to whole bunch pressing, what type of pressing is allowed for rosé wines and red wines used for blending in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

Direct pressing

28
Q

What is the maximum permitted yield in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

65 hL/ha

29
Q

How do most Franciacorta producers ferment and age their wine? Why?

A

In stainless steel to preserve primary fruit aromas

30
Q

For Franciacorta wines, what might be done to impart complexity during fermentation and/or aging? What styles of Franciacorta are these techniques most often seen in?

A

The use of old oak barrels for fermentation and aging are especially seen in the production of Millesimato and Riserva Franciacorta.

31
Q

Is malolactic conversion typically permitted in Franciacorta DOCG?

A

The practice varies

32
Q

Do Franciacorta producers use reserve wines to add complexity to the final product?

A

Larger producers are able to while smaller producers rarely do.

33
Q

True or False

The majority of Franciacorta wines are vintage wines, but are not labelled as such

A

True, due to the long lees aging required by declaring a vintage om the wine’s label

34
Q

Do producers in Franciacorta usually produce their wine according to the minimum aging requirements?

A

No. Many often exceed the minimum aging significantly

35
Q

What are the recognized styles of Franciacorta?

A

Non-vintage

Satén

Rosé

Millesimato (vintage)

Riserva

36
Q

What are the minimum requirements of non-vintage Franciacorta?

A

A blend of Chardonnay and P. Noir with up to 50% P. Blanc

18 months on the lees

these wines are often made from single vintage fruit

37
Q

What are the minimum requirements for Franciacorta Satén?

A

Made entirely from white grapes (usually 100% Chardonnay)

24 months on the lees

No more than 5 atm of pressure at bottling, controlled through tirage

38
Q

What are the minimum requirements for Franciacorta Rosé?

A

Minimum 35% P. Noir

24 months on the lees

Color is usually from skin contact but can be derived from blending

rules are as of 2018

39
Q

What are the minimum requirements for Franciacorta Millesimato?

A

85% of fruit must be from the declared vintage

30 months on the lees

40
Q

What are the minimum requirements for Franciacorta Riserva?

A

Must be millesimato

60 months on the lees

41
Q

True or False

Franciacorta DOCG uses a unique scale of dryness/sweetness

A

False. It uses he EU standard

42
Q

When dosage is added to Franciacorta wines, is it typically lower than or at the limit of the desired sweetness level?

A

Lower. In the case of Brut wines, 6 g/L or less RS is typical

43
Q

In what year was wine from the Franciacorta DOCG allowed to label itself simply as ‘Franciacorta’?

A

2003

44
Q

How does the Franciacorta Consorzio support producers of the region?

A

It is well supported, supports nearly all the producers, and has carried out geographical zoning studies to provide viticultural support to growers

45
Q

How much of Franciacorta DOCG production is led by Ca’ del Bosco, Guido Berlucchi, and Bellavista?

A

One third

46
Q

What happened to total production in Franciacorta between 2007 and 2016?

A

Production has more than doubled with 17 million bottles sold in 2016

47
Q

Which country is the greatest consumer of Franciacorta? What percentage of production do they account for? Which sector is the greatest distributor?

A

The Italian hospitality sector distributes 90% of Franciacorta’s production

WSET Diploma D4 - Sparkling Wine (22 decks)

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