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WSET Diploma D4 - Sparkling Wine > Crémant de Bourgogne > Flashcards

Crémant de Bourgogne Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the most commonly used variety for Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Chardonnay

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2
Q

What is the typical varietal composition of Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Gamay (up to 20%)

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3
Q

What percentage of production in Burgundy is Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

10%

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4
Q

What has been the trend in Crémant de Bourgogne production since 2000?

A

It has more than doubled

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5
Q

What was the average production in bottles of Crémant de Bourgogne from 2012-2016?

A

19.5 Million

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6
Q

What is the typical style of Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

There is a range, though most are white, Brut, and have Medium (+) acidity

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7
Q

What is the typical character of Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Brut

Medium (+) acidity

Medium intensity fruit ranging from apple to apricot depending on site climate

Autolysis can range from light fruit to rich toasty brioche

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8
Q

True or False

Blanc de Blancs, Blanc de Noirs, and Rosé styles of Crémant de Bourgogne are not permitted.

A

False

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9
Q

True or False

The boundary for Crémant de Bourgogne includes land between Chablis and Dijon

A

False. The appellation is the same boundary as Bourgogne AOC.

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10
Q

From which départements can grapes for Crémant de Bourgogne be sourced from? Which Burgundy subzones are they known form

A

All of them.

Yonne (Chablis)
Cote d’Or (Côte de Nuits, Côte de Beaune)
Saône-et-Loire (Chalonnais, Mâconnais)
Rhône (Beaujolais)

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11
Q

How long is the area of Crémant de Bourgogne from North to South?

A

250 km

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12
Q

What are the main sources for Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Mâconnais
Côte Chalonnais (esp. around Rully)
Beaujolais
Areas around Chablis AOC in the Yonne département and Châtillon-sur-Seine which is south of Champagne
Hautes-Côtes-de-Nuits and Hautes-Côte-de-Beaune
Flatland of the Côte d’Or

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13
Q

What are the principle climatic areas of Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

The northern area of Burgundy, which experiences no hot, dry summer period and produces lighter styles of wine

The central area which has a continental climate and low, sometimes freezing temperatures and dry sunny summers, producing just-ripe fruit with high acidity

The southern area comprising Mâconnais and Beaujolais with Mediterranean influences that produce rich, ripe fruit but is at risk of summer storma

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14
Q

Do growers in Burgundy need to declare if their grapes will be used for Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Yes, before the end of March

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15
Q

What is the maximum yield permitted for Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

80-90 hl/ha depending on planting density

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16
Q

What varieties may be used to produce Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

All of the Burgundy varieties

Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Aligoté
Melon
Gamay
17
Q

Which two varieties are most used and generally best suited for Crémant de Bourgogne production? Why?

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir due to their affinity toward autolytic aromas

18
Q

What are the common climactic hazards across Burgundy for Crémant de Bourgogne producers?

A

Hail, spring frost, fungal disease, and esca

19
Q

Does Crémant de Bourgogne undergo malolactic conversion?

A

Only if it is desired by the producer

20
Q

What are the minimum requirements for the varietals used in Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

Minimum 30% Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Blanc, or Pinot Gris

21
Q

Why are Pinot Blanc and Pinot Gris not typically used in Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

They are not widely planted in Burgundy

22
Q

What is the maximum amount of Gamay permitted in Crémant de Bourgogne?

A

20%

23
Q

What varieties are permitted for use in Crémant de Bourgogne Blanc de Blancs?

A

Chardonnay, Aligoté, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Melon

Chardonnay is mostly used

24
Q

What varieties are permitted in Crémant de Bourgogne Blanc de Noirs?

A

Only Pinot Noir

25
Q

What varieties are permitted in Crémant de Bourgogne Rosé?

A

It must be mostly or exclusively Pinot Noir. Gamay can be used to balance color.

26
Q

What is the distribution of Crémant de Bourgogne production among major houses, cooperatives, and independent growers?

A

Houses: 68%

Cooperatives: 30%

Growers: 2%

27
Q

By what means do independent wine growers typically produce Crémant de Bourgogne? Why?

A

Independent growers will bring their grapes to specialist facilities that will produce and bottle the wine for them. The cost of producing sparkling wine in-house is often too high, which reflects the low percentage of independent grower/producers in the AOC.

28
Q

How much have sales of Crémant de Bourgogne increased from 2000-2017?

A

One third

29
Q

The top ten companies are responsible for what percentage of Crémant de Bourgogne production?

A

90%

30
Q

What percentage of Crémant de Bourgogne is exported? What is the trend?

A

40%, and continuing to grow

31
Q

What are the principal export markets for Crémant de Bourgogne? What are some fast growing emerging markets?

A

USA and Sweden are the major markets

Exports are rising quickly to UK, Belgium, and Germany

32
Q

What was done to the Crémant de Bourgogne AOC to develop higher quality wines and improve the price of grapes for sparkling wine in Burgundy?

A

A quality hierarchy was created. The two tiers that were added to the denomination were Crémant de Bourgogne Eminent and Crémant de Bourgogne Grand Eminent.

33
Q

What are the requirements for Crémant de Bourgogne Eminent?

A

Any Crémant de Bourgogne that has undergone 24 months of lees aging

34
Q

What are the requirements for Crémant de Bourgogne Grand Eminent?

A

Can only be Brut

White: Pinot Noir and Chardonnay only

Rosé: Pinot Noir and up to 20% Gamay

Minimum 36 months on the lees with additional three months in the bottle before release

Vintage is optional, but commonly used

35
Q

What makes the sourcing of grapes difficult for Crémant de Bourgogne producers?

A

Due to frost and hail, small harvests affect the region as a whole

Prices for grapes have increased as still wine producers have increased their demand for grapes

36
Q

What town was formerly a hub for grapes destined for Crémant de Bourgogne but is now selling grapes for still wine production? Why did this change?

A

Rully. Demand for still wine grapes has increased, as have the prices willing to be paid for them

WSET Diploma D4 - Sparkling Wine (22 decks)

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