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Certified exams > France - Rhone Valley & South France > Flashcards

France - Rhone Valley & South France Flashcards

1
Q

Where was the Appellation d’Origin Contrôlèe laws conceived and first ratified?

A

The Rhone Valley

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2
Q

What is the major body of water that runs from north to south through the Rhone?

A

The Rhone River

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3
Q

What are two major areas of the Rhone Valley?

A

Northern Rhone - Rhone septentionale

Southern Rhone - Rhone mèridionale

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4
Q

What is the only red grape legally allowed in the appellations on Northern Rhone?

A

Syrah

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5
Q

What is the main red grape of Southern Rhone?

A

Grenache Noir

Note:
Grenache came to France when the Spanish where it is called Granacha, the Spanish crossed the Pyrenees Mountains and brought the grape with them to plant

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6
Q

What is the climate type of the Northern Rhone?

A

Warm - Continental

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7
Q

Where is the Rhone located?

A

Southern France

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8
Q

What is the main white varietal in Northern Rhone?

A

Viognier

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9
Q

What is the most famous region in Rhone where Grenache is used?

A

Châteauneuf-du-Pape ( new castle of the pope)

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10
Q

What is the most popular grape used to make Rośe in the Rhone Valley?

A

Grenache

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11
Q

What is the appellation that is known for their Rośe in the Rhone Valley?

A

Tavel

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12
Q

What region in Northern Rhone is allowed to produce 100% Viognier?

A

Condrieu

Chateau - Grillet - single monopole

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13
Q

True or False

Viognier is used for red blends in the southern Rhone?

A

True - Viognier is used in red blends in the southern Rhone to add aroma and complexity to the wine

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14
Q

How are the Vineyards set up in Northern Rhone?

A

On terraces due to the steepness of the hills. Most Vineyards set right off the Rhone River

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15
Q

What is the climate type of Southern Rhone?

A

Mediterranean

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16
Q

Due to the warmth is Southern Rhone, what allows for grapes to be grown in this region?

A

Le Mistral - a powerful wind that blows north from the Mediterranean where it flows through the Southern Rhone cooling down the grapes during the heat of the day in the summer months

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17
Q

What is soil type in the Rhone Valley?

A

Sand

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18
Q

What are the smooth rocks that make up part of the soil in top Vineyards in the Rhone Valley?

A

Galets - they help to absorb energy from the sun during the day and then release it in the form of gentle heat to the Vines in the evening

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19
Q

Which of the two regions of Rhone is the largest?

A

Southern Rhone, Northern Rhone only makes up like 10% of Southern Rhone

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20
Q

3 white grape varietals in the Northern Rhone?

A

Viognier - Main Grape

Roussane - Secondary Grape

Marsanne - Secondary Grape

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21
Q

In the Northern Rhone which direction does the Vines face?

A

South, so that they can maximize direct sunlight and ripeness

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22
Q

What does Côte - Rôtie translate to and why?

A

Roasted Slopes due to the steep hillside with a southern exposure that gets roasted by the sun

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23
Q

What region produces only red wines made from Syrah and up to 20 percent of the white grape Viognier

A

Côte - Rôtie

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24
Q

What are the names of the 3 single Vineyards that are produced by Guigal in Côte - Rôtie?

A

La Landonne

La Mouline

La Turque

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25
Q

What is the name of the two sub designations in Côte Rôtie?

A

Côte Brune - More Tannic and Powerful

Côte Blonde - More elegant and racy

Note: named after a feudal lords daughters hair colors.

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26
Q

What is Hermitage named after?

A

Gaspard de Stèrimberg a retired to the region in the 1200’s to live in solitude as a hermit

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27
Q

What type of wines does the region of Hermitage produce?

A

Red and white wines

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28
Q

What direction does the Vines face in Hermitage?

A

South - to maximize the Vines exposure to the sun to increase ripeness

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29
Q

What region produces wines that has syrah with max 15% Rousaane and Marsanne and produce white wines made of Marsanne and Rousanne?

A

Hermitage

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30
Q

What is the largest appellation in the Northern Rhone?

A

St. Jospeh

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31
Q

What appellation in the northern Rhone produces wines with Syrah and a max of 15% Marsanne and Roussane?

A

Hermitage and Crozes - Hermitage

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32
Q

What regions in the northern Rhone make red and white wines?

A

Hermitage

Crozes - Hermitage

Saint Jospeh

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33
Q

What regions in the Northern Rhone produce 100% Syrah?

A

Cornas

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34
Q

What is the largest appellation in the Rhone Valley?

A

Côte-Du-Rhone

  • Makes up nearly half of the Rhone Valley total production
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35
Q

True or False

Côte - du - Rhône wines can be produced from any of the important red varietals grown in the Southern Rhone?

A

True

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36
Q

Côte-du-Rhone wines are usually a blend of what grape?

A

Grenache

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37
Q

What is the AOC subregion of Côte-du-Rhone?

A

Côte-du-Rhône - Village

Note:

  • located near important winemaking villages in the Southern Rhone, their standards are stricter and the quality is often better
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38
Q

What is the major city that is located in the region of Châteauneuf-du-Pape?

A

Avignon

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39
Q

How many approved grapes are allowed in Châteauneuf-du-Pape?

A

13

Note:

Red Grapes: Cinsault, Counoise, Grenache, Mourvèdre, Muscardine, Syrah, Terret Noir, and Vaccarèse

White: Bouboulenc, Clairette, Grenache Blanc, Picardin, Picpoul and Roussanne

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40
Q

What is the soil type of Southern Rhone?

A

Rock Based, clay, sandy, limestone or gravel

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41
Q

What is Châteaneuf - Calcernier?

A

The original name of Châteauneuf-du-pape

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42
Q

True or False

Châteanuef-du-paper are only red wines?

A

False - they can be whites or rośe as well

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43
Q

What role does Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre in Châteauneuf-du-pape?

A

Grenache: Sweet ripe, and taste like homemade jam taste

Syrah: Deepens the color and adds spice

Mourvèdre: Structure

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44
Q

True or False

Châteanuef-du-pape is aged in new oak barrels

A

False

No it’s fermented in large oak barrels called foudres

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45
Q

The northern region of Southern Rhone is?

A

Girgondas

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46
Q

Grenache, Mourvèdre, Carigan grapes originally came from what country?

A

Spain - the grapes were bought over from Spain over the Pyrenees into Rousillion

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47
Q

Muscat de Beaumes -de-Venise produces what type of wine from the Muscat Grape?

A

Vin Doug natural - Sweet fortified wines

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48
Q

What is the main soil of Côte Rotie

A

Schist

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49
Q

What direction do the slopes face in Côte Rotie

A

Southeast and are protected from the cold northerly winds

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50
Q

Côte Rôtie wines require how long to reach full maturity

A

10 years

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51
Q

What type of wines do they make in Condrieu AC

A

White wines

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52
Q

What is the main grape of Condrieu

A

Viognier

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53
Q

What are some characteristics of Viognier from Condrieu

A
  • fruit flavors of apricot and peach
  • golden in color
  • dry and spicy
  • best drunk young up to 5 years
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54
Q

What is the name of the single vineyard from Condrieu

A

Château Grillet

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55
Q

St Joseph is located on what side of the Rhône River

A

Western side

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56
Q

Hermitage is located on what side of the Rhône River

A

Eastern side

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57
Q

What town sets in Hermitage

A

Tain

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58
Q

What is the soil type of Hermitage

A

Granite

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59
Q

Hermitage is surrounded by what AC

A

Crozesf - Hermitage

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60
Q

The white wines of Hermitage and Crozes - Hermitage are a blend of what grapes

A

Marsanne and Roussanne

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61
Q

If a is made under the Vin de Paille in Hermitage, how is it labeled

A

Hermitage Vin de Paille AC

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62
Q

What is Le Mistral?

A

A howling icy, northern wind. It’s good for keeping the Vines cool
In Northern Rhone

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63
Q

Cornas sets inbetween what two AOCs

A

St Joseph and St Péray

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64
Q

What is the southern most Appellation in Northern Rhone

A

St Péray

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65
Q

What type of wines do they make in St Péray

A

White wines ⚪

Sparking wines 🍾🥂

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66
Q

What are the main grapes in St Péray

A

Marsanne ⚪

Rousanne ⚪

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67
Q

What method is used to make the sparkling wine from St Péray

A

Méthode Traditionnelle

Méthode Tradionalle Mousseux

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68
Q

What is the name of the small area east of St Péray on the river Drôme

A

Clairette de Die

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69
Q

What type of wine do they produce in Crémont de Die

A

Sparkling wine from the Clairette Grape

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70
Q

How can a wine be labeled Clairette de Die Tradition AC

A
  • Minimum 75% Muscat à Petits Grains
  • plus some optional Clairette
  • made in the Mèthode Dioise Ancestrale
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71
Q

What is the permitted minimum abv in Châteaneuf - du - Pape

A

12.5%

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72
Q

For the best estates in Châteaneuf du pope what is the typical age of maturity to drink this wine

A

20 years

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73
Q

Château Beaucastel - ( a complex blend of 30% Grenache plus most if not all of the other 12 permitted varieties)

Château Rayas - (100% Grenache)

Domaine du Vieux Telegraph

Château La Nerthe (first to call wine Châteaneuf du pope)

These are popular estates where in France

A

Châteaneuf - du - Pope

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74
Q

Grenache Blanc ⚪

Bourboulenc ⚪

Clairette ⚪

Roussanne ⚪

These are best white grapes used to make wines in what AOC

A

Châteaneuf du pope

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75
Q

What are the names of the two famous slopes in the Côte-Rôtie?

A

Côte Brune - More tannic and powerful
Côte Blondes - More elegant and racy

The names come from the two daughters of a aristocratic feudal lord.

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76
Q

What is the main grape of Southern Rhone

A

Grenache

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77
Q

In Gigondas AC what is the grape requirements

A

80% Grenache maximum in red and rosè wines, with a minimum 15% Syrah and Mourvèdre

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78
Q

What is the alcohol apv in Girgondas AC

A

12.5%

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79
Q

What is this main grape of Vacqueras AC

A

Grenache

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80
Q

What is the grape requirement for Vacqueras AC

A

50% minimum Grenache in the red and rosé blends

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81
Q

What is the name of the Large District that is between Côtes-du-Rhone AC and the Côtes du Lubéron AC

A

Côtes du Ventoux AC

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82
Q

What type of wines does Côtes du Ventoux

A

Red 🔴

White ⚪

Rosé 🔴⚪

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83
Q

What is the only French AC that is for rosé wines only

A

Tavel AC

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84
Q

What are the main grape varietals for Tavel AC

A

Grenache 🔴

Cinsault 🔴

Morvèdre 🔴

Picpoul Noir 🔴

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85
Q

What are the grape varietal requirements for Tavel AC

A

No grape can exceed 60% of a blend

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86
Q

What is the apv for Tavel AC

A

Maximum 13.5%

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87
Q

What is the typical color of Tavel AC

A

Pelure d’ Oignon (onion skin)

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88
Q

What type of wines does Lirac AC produce

A

Red 🔴

White ⚪

Rosé 🔴⚪

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89
Q

What is the grape requirements for the wines of Lirac AC

A

For red wines:

Minimum 40% Grenache plus 25% Morvèdre and Syrah, the rest made up of Côtes - du - Rhone varietals

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90
Q

What is the main grapes of Coteaux du Tricastin

A

Grenache 🔴

Syrah 🔴

Carignan 🔴

Mourvèdre 🔴

Cinsault 🔴

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91
Q

What type of wines are made in Côte du Lubéron AC

A

Red 🔴

White ⚪

Rosé ⚪🔴

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92
Q

What is the grape requirement for Côtes du Lubéron

A

For red and rosé

Minimum 60% Grenache and Syrah

The rest is made up from the same grapes as southern Côtes du Rhone

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93
Q

Where does Muscat de Beaumes de Venice get its name

A

From the village with the same name Beaumes de Venise

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94
Q

What makes Muscat Beaume de Venice different from any other wine in Southern Rhone

A

The wines are naturally sweet

They are produced by adding a grape spirit (brandy) to the fermentation to stop it

To ensure that plenty of unfermented sugar remains in the wine

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95
Q

What type of wine is Muscat de Beaumes de Venise

A

Vin Doux Natural

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96
Q

What is Vin de Natural

A

A fortified wine, that has been muted during fermentation, after it has achieved between 5 to 8 percent alcohol

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97
Q

What is Vin de Liqueur

A

A fortified wine that is muted with alcohol before fermentation can begin

98
Q

When did Vinsobres gain its AC and for what type of wine

A

2005 and for red wine

99
Q

What is the grape requirement for Vinsobres AC

A

Minimum 25% Morvèdre and Syrah

100
Q

If a rosé is made from Vinsobres what AC does it fall under

A

Côtes-du-Rhône Village AC

101
Q

Côtes du Vivarais AC produces what type of wines

A

Red 🔴

White ⚪

Rosé ⚪🔴

102
Q

What is the grape requirement for Côtes du Vivarais AC

A

Red
Minimum 90% Syrah and Grenache

Rosé
Minimum 90% Syrah, Grenache, and Cinsault

White
Minimum 90% Clairette, Grenache, and Marsanne

103
Q

What are type of wines produced in Rasteau and what AC do they fall under

A

Red 🔴

White ⚪

Rosé ⚪🔴

  • Côtes du Rhône Villages
104
Q

What are the natural sweet red fortified wines produced in Rasteau and can originate from Rasteau, Sablet, and Cairanne

A

VDN - Vin de Natural

105
Q

How many villages make up the Côtes du Rhone Villages

A

20

106
Q

Beaume de Venise

Cairanne

Chusclan

Gadagne

Laudun

Rasteau

Roaix

Rochegude

Rousset-les-Vignes

Sablet

Saint Gervais

Saint - Maurice

Séguret

Saint Pantaléon

Saint Cecile

Suze - la Rousse

Vaison - la - Romaine

Valreas

Vinsobres

Visan

These villages make up what area in southern Rhone

A

Côtes du Rhone Villages

107
Q

Northern Rhone red wines

Southern Rhone Girgondas

Chateauneuf du Pape

What food pairs well with these wines and why

A

Roast and dark meat dishes due to their high alcohol content

108
Q

Girgondas

Chateauneuf du Pape

These wines pair well with what type of dishes

A

Game and strongly flavored stews

109
Q

What major river does Cahors AC set off of

A

River Lot

110
Q

What type of wine do they make in Cahors AC

A

Red wine 🔴

111
Q

What is the main grape in Cahors AC

A

Malbec (Cot) 🔴

Merlot 🔴

Tannat 🔴

112
Q

What is the usual aging for wines from Cahor AC to reach their full potential

A

5 years

  • top wines and vintages take considerably longer to reach full potential
113
Q

What is the grape requirement for Cahors AC

A

Minimum 70% Malbec

  • with some Merlot and a little Tannat
114
Q

What are the main red grapes of Gaillac AOC

A

Duras 🔴

Fer 🔴

Syrah 🔴

Gamay 🔴

115
Q

What are the main white grapes of Gaillac AC

A

Mauzac ⚪

Muscadelle ⚪

Len de l’El ⚪

116
Q

What does Len de l’El mean

A

Far from sight

117
Q

If a sparkling wine is made in Gaillac, what is it called and what AOC is it listed under

A

Gaillac Mousseux or Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Gaillaçoise

Gaillaçoise Premières Côtes AOC

118
Q

What method is used to create Gaillac Mousseux

A

Méthode Traditionalle or Méthode Gaillaçoise

119
Q

What is mèthode Gaillaçoise

A

Also called Blanquette Méthode

  • involves no secondary fermentation.
  • the wine is bottles before the first alcoholic fermentation has finished and carbonic gas is produced during the continuation of fermentation in the bottle.
  • Disgorgement is involved
120
Q

Jurançon is situated on what physical feature

A

The Pyrenees

121
Q

Gros Manseng ⚪

Petit Manseng ⚪

Courbu ⚪

Camaralet ⚪

Lauzet ⚪

These are the main grape varieties for what AOC

A

Jurançon AOC

122
Q

What type of wines are created in Jurançon AOC

A

Jurançon SEC

Also a excellent sweet dessert wine high in alcohol

123
Q

Madiran AOC is situated on what physical feauture

A

Pyrenées Mountains

124
Q

What type of wines does Madiran AC make

A

Red Wines

125
Q

What are the grape varitials for Madiran AC

A

Tannat 🔴

Cabernet Sauvignon 🔴

Cabernet Franc 🔴

Fer 🔴

126
Q

If a white wine is made in Madiran AC what is it labeled as

A

Pacherene du Vic-Bilh AC

127
Q

What style are the wines made in at Pacherene du Vic - Bilh

A

Sec

Demi - Sec

Doux

128
Q

Petit Manseng ⚪

Petit Courbu ⚪

Arrifiac ⚪

These are the main white for what AOC

A

Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC

129
Q

What is the grape requirement for Madiran AOC

A

40 - 60% Tannat grapes with Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Fer

130
Q

What type of wines are made in Languedoc / Roussillon

A

Red 🔴

White ⚪

Rosé 🔴⚪

Sparkling wine 🥂🍾

Vin de Natural (VDN)

Vin de Liqueur (VDL)

131
Q

Where in Languedoc / Rousillon are the sparkling wines made

A

Limoux

132
Q

What region in France is by far the largest producer in both cultivated area and quality of wine

A

Languedoc / Rousillon

133
Q

What region is the biggest producer of Vin de Table and Vin de Pays in France

A

Languedoc / Rousillon

134
Q

How many ACs are their in Languedoc / Rousillon

A

60 and counting

135
Q

What is the southern most AOC in France

A

Banyuls and Banyuls Grand Cru AOC

136
Q

What type of wines are made from Banyuls and Banyuls Grand Cru AOC

A

Red 🔴

White ⚪

Rosé VDN 🔴⚪

137
Q

What is the main grape of Banyuls and Banyuls Grand Cru AOC

A

Grenache 🔴

138
Q

What is the grape requirement of Banyuls AOC

A

Must be a minimum of 50% Grenache

139
Q

What is the grape requirement for Banyuls Grand Cru AOC

A

Minimum 75% Grenache

140
Q

What is the aging requirements for Banyuls Grand Cru AOC

A

Must be matured 30 months before sale

  • most top quality Banyuls are aged ten to twenty years
141
Q

What type of wines are made in Corbières AOC

A

Red 🔴

Rosé 🔴⚪

White ⚪

142
Q

Grenache 🔴

Lladoner Pelut 🔴

Mourvèdre 🔴

Syrah 🔴

Carignan 🔴

These are the main red grape varietal for what AOC

A

Corbières AOC

143
Q

What is the name of the AOC that is situated within Corbières AOC and why

A

Corbières Boutenec AOC

  • due to its distinctive limestone base
  • produces some of Corbières finest red wines
144
Q

What are the names of the two sorts of Fitou and what is distinctive about them

A

Fitou Maritime - located near the coast

Fitou Montagneux - more inland and sets at a higher elevation

145
Q

What AOC divides Fitou

A

Corbières AOC

146
Q

What is the main grape of Fitou

A

Carignan 🔴

147
Q

What are some secondary grapes of Fitou

A

Syrah 🔴

Mourvèdre 🔴

Lladoner Pelut 🔴

148
Q

What is the grape requirement for wines from Fitou

A

Wines can not exceed 70% Carignan in any blend

149
Q

What major AOC does Costières de Nîmes border

A

Southern Rhone

150
Q

What type of wines does Costières de Nîmes produce

A

Red 🔴

Rosé ⚪🔴 (Dry Style)

White ⚪

151
Q

What are the main grapes of Costières de Nîmes

A

Grenache 🔴

Syrah 🔴

Mourvèdre 🔴

Cinsault 🔴

Carignan 🔴

152
Q

Where is Rivesaltes AOC located

A

In the centre of Languedoc / Rousillon

153
Q

Rivesaltes AC produces 50% of what wines in France

A

Vin de Naturel (VDN)

154
Q

The VDN wines made from Rivesaltes AC are what type of wines and when is the best time for them to be drunk

A

Red 🔴

White ⚪

Rosé ⚪🔴

  • they are best after 10 years
155
Q

What are the main grape varietals for Rivesaltes AC

A

Grenache Noir 🔴

Grenache Blanc ⚪

Grenache Gris ⚪

156
Q

If muscat grapes are used in Rivesaltes to make wine, how are they labeled

A

Muscat de Rivesaltes AC

157
Q

What type of Muscat grapes are used in Muscat de Rivesaltes AC

A

Muscat Blanc à Petit Grains ⚪

Muscat d’Alexandria ⚪

158
Q

What type of wines are made in Muscat de Rivesaltes AC and when are they best drunk

A

White ⚪

Rosé 🔴⚪

  • young , up to 3 years old
159
Q

What type of wines are made in Limoux AC

A

still wines

Semi Sparkling

Sparkling white wines

160
Q

What is the main AC that produces top sparkling wine in Limoux

A

Blanquette de Limoux AC

161
Q

What grapes are used to make Blanquette de Limoux AC

A

Mauzac ⚪

Chardonnay ⚪

Chenin ⚪

162
Q

What is the grape requirement for Blanquette de Limoux

A

90% minimum Mauzac plus Chardonnay and Chenin

163
Q

What is the soil type in Limoux

A

Limestone

164
Q

What Méthode are the sparkling wines made in, at Limoux AC

A

Méthode Traditionalle

Méthode Traditionalle Mousseux

165
Q

What are the grape requirements for Crémant de Limoux

A

Maximum 90% Chardonnay and Chenin

Maximum 20% Mauzac and Pinot Noir

166
Q

What is Rhône Septentrionale

A

French for Northern Rhône

  • a narrow band of vineyards hugging the river just south of Beaujolais from Vienne to Valence
167
Q

What is Rhône Méridionale

A

Southern Rhône

  • funnels outward south of Montélimar toward Avignon, near the rivers Mediterranean basin
168
Q

Who is contributed to bringing winemaking to France

A

The Greeks in 600 BCE

169
Q

What was Greek wine carried in?

A

Amphorae

170
Q

What pope was responsible for building his summer papal palace in Châteauneuf du Pape

A

Pope John XXII

171
Q

What were wines called that were produced from the papal vineyards

A

Vin d’Avigonon

172
Q

What was the first area in France to be hit with Phylloxera

A

South France in 1863

  • Lirac to be exact
173
Q

What was the wine that blended with Bordeaux wine give it more strength in the 18th and 19th century

A

Hermitage

174
Q

Where was the first AOC and what year did it come into existence

A

Châteauneuf du Pape and in 1936

175
Q

Name the Regions of Northern Rhone from north to south

A 
Côte Rotie
Corndrieu 
St Jospeh
Hermitage
Crozes - Hermitage
Cornas
St. Péray
Clairette de Die
Châtillon en Dois
176
Q

What is the climate of Northern Rhône

A

Continental

177
Q

What is the temperature of Southern Rhone

A

Mediterranean

178
Q

What is the soil type of Condrieu

A

Arzelle

  • thin topsoil rich with powdery, decomposed mica
179
Q

What are some of the flavor notes for Syrah in Northern Rhône

A

Full bodied

Firm

Savory

Secondary Aromas

Smoked, grill meat

Olive

Lavender

Peppercorn

180
Q

What are the wines of Northern Rhone typically fermented and aged in

A

Foudres - large oak cast

181
Q

What is Co Fermentation

A

Co-fermentation is the practice in winemaking of fermenting two or more grape varieties at the same time when producing a wine. This differs from the more common practice of blending separate wine components into a cuvée after fermentation.

182
Q

This area is known as the roasted slopes in Northern Rhône

A

Côte - Rôtie

183
Q

Who is the largest producer in Côte Rôtie

A

E. Guigal

184
Q

What town is home to E. Guigal

A

Ampuis

185
Q

Jean Louis Chave

Delas

M. Chapoutier

Jaboulet

These are all major producers from where

A

Hermitage

186
Q

Who produces La Chapelle and what is it named after

A

Jaboulet

  • named after a small hillside chapel that stands in commemoration the hermit of Hermitage - Gaspard de Stérimberg
187
Q

Who was Gaspard de Stérimberg

A

A legendary Crusader turned hermit who lived a life of asceticism atop the hill in Hermitage

188
Q

What is a climat

A

Single plot of land with its own name, located within a specific vineyard

189
Q

L’Hermite

Les Bessards

Le Méal

Les Gréffieux

Beaume

Péléat

These are all of examples of what and where

A

Climats and in Hermitage

190
Q

What is the soil type of Cornas

A

Naked Granite Soil - (Gore)

191
Q

Les Reynards

La Côte

Les Chaillot

Les Mazards

These are located where and what are they

A

The 4 Lieux - Dits (quarters) of Cornas

192
Q

Who is Auguste Clape

A

The standard bearer of traditional wines from Cornas

  • known for eschewing destemming for whole cluster fermentation and new oak barrique said for the old Demi - Muids of the region
193
Q

How many liters dues a Demi Muid hold and where are they used

A

600 liters and typically used in Rhône Valley

194
Q

What AOCs on Northern Rhône can only produce red wine

A

Côte Rôtie

Cornas

195
Q

What does Mousseux mean

A

Sparkling, found only on cheap fizz

196
Q

What are the flavor notes for Roussanne

A

Delicate, Acidity and waxy Minerality

197
Q

What are some flavor notes for Marsanne

A

Broad, Oily texture and marzipan character

198
Q

What style do they make sparking from St Péray

A

Méthode Traditionelle Mousseux

199
Q

George Vernay

Yves Cuilleron

André Perret

These are all top producers from where and for what type of wine

A

Condrieu and Viognier

200
Q

What are some flavor notes for Viognier

A

Honeyed Lushness

Intriguing Floral Aromas

Rich Texture

201
Q

What are the main red grapes of Châtillon en Diois AOC

A

Gamay 🔴

202
Q

What type of wines do they make in Châtillon en Dois

A

Red 🔴

White ⚪

Rosé 🔴⚪

203
Q

What are the white grapes of Châtillon en Dois AOC

A

Aligoté ⚪

Chardonnay ⚪

204
Q

Southern Rhone accounts for what % of all wine produced in the Rhône Valley

A

95%

205
Q

Château La Nerthe released their first estate bottled Châteauneuf du Pape in what year

A

1785

206
Q

Besides Galets, what are some other type of Soils in Châteauneuf du Pape

A

Alluvial Sediment

Gravel

Calcareous Clay

Sand

207
Q

What type of barrels are used for aging in Châteauneuf du Pape

A

Old Oak Foudres

208
Q

Why are the following important and where

Gadagne

Sainte - Cécile

Suze-la-Rousse

Vaison-la-Romaine

A

They are the newest AOCs added to Côte Rhône Villages

Gadagne - 2012

Sainte - Cécile - 2016

Suze-la-Rousse - 2016

Vaison-la-Romaine - 2016

209
Q

When did Girgondas gain AOC statues

A

1971

210
Q

What is the main soil of Girgondas

A

Clay alluvial soil

211
Q

When did Vacqueyras gain AOC status

A

1990

212
Q

When did Beaumes de Venise gain AOC status

A

2005

213
Q

When did Vinsobres gain AOC status

A

2006

214
Q

What is the latest former Côte du Rhône Village to gain its own appellation status

A

Cairanne in 2016

215
Q

What do all 5 of the appellations that got independent status from being labeled Côte de Rhone Village have in common

A

They all share the same minimum potential alcohol requirement of 12.5%

216
Q

When a Wine is labeled ambré and tuilé from Rivesaltes in Rousillon what does that mean

A

The red and wine VDN wines display more oxidative character

  • subject to at least 3 years of aging prior to release
217
Q

When a Wine is labeled Hors d’age from Rasteau what does that mean

A

That the wines have matured for at least 5 years prior to release

218
Q

When a Wine is labeled Rancio from Rasteau what does that mean

A

A deliberately oxidative and maderized style in which the wine is left in open barrels, exposed to the ravages of sunlight and temperature

219
Q

What AOC is known as the birthplace of French wine

A

Provence

220
Q

What type of wine accounts for over 75% of wines labeled Côtes de Provence

A

Rosé🔴⚪

221
Q

What is the requirements for rosés from Côtes de Provence

A
  • must be blended from at least two varieties

Must be done in by two different methods

  1. Saignage - the wine is given color through a short period of skin contact
  2. For the palest of wines - immediate pressing of whole grapes
222
Q

Can you blend red or white wines to make rosé in Provence or anywhere in France

A

No

223
Q

What are the main grapes used for rosé and red wine in Provence

A

Cinsault 🔴

Grenache 🔴

Mourvèdre 🔴

Syrah 🔴

Garrigue 🔴

224
Q

What is the type of bottle used in Provence

A

Skittle

225
Q

La Londe

Pierrefeu

Sainte - Victoire

Fréjus

These are the 4 subzones for what region and what type of wines can they make

A

Provence

Red wine 🔴

Rosé ⚪🔴

226
Q

What is the only appellation in France that requires a focus on Mourvèdre

A

Bandol AOC

227
Q

What are some flavor characteristics of Mourvèdre from Bandol

A

Full Bodied

Plummy

Dense

Often show animal character

228
Q

What is the aging requirement for Bandol AOC

A

18 months in oak

229
Q

Domaine Tempier

Château de Pibarnon

Château Pradeaux

These are top producers in what region in France

A

Bandol AOC

230
Q

What is the only appellation outside of Bordeaux to publish a taking Grand Cru Classé Estate

A

Côtes de Provence

231
Q

What year did Côtes de Provence classify it’s Grand Cru Classé estates

A

1955

232
Q

How many estates were originally classified to Grand Cru Classé status in Côtes de Provence

A

23

233
Q

What are the two Crus for St Chinian AOC and what type of wines do they make

A

Berlou

Roquebrun

Red wines 🔴

234
Q

If Mauzac is solely used to make sparkling wine from Limoux AOP, what method is used

A

Methodé Ancestrale

235
Q

Muscat de Mireval AOC

Muscat de Lunel AOC

Muscat de St Jean de Minervois AOC

Muscat de Frontignan AOC

These are 4 important appellations to Languedoc for what reason

A

These are the 4 main fortified wine Appellations

236
Q

Muscat de Frontignan is the most common of the 4 small fortified wine appellations, what type of fortified wines do they make

A

VDN - Vin de Naturel

VDL - Vin de Liqueur

237
Q

Where is 90% of the fortified wines from France made

A

Roussillon

238
Q

What does Riversaltes mean

A

High rivers

239
Q

What are the two methods used to age fortified wines from Roussillon

A
  1. Glass Bonbonnes - holds 70 liters and they set out in the sun to bake the wine
  2. Solera System
240
Q

Wines from Rivesaltes AOC that are aged a minimum 5 years may be called what

A

Hors d’age

241
Q

What style from Riversaltes AOP may blend red grapes (Grenache Noir) with white varieties

A

Tuilé

242
Q

What grape is the sole component of the grenat style of wine from Riversaltes AOC

A

Grenache Noir 🔴

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