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France - Rhone Valley & South France Flashcards

1
Q

Where was the Appellation d’Origin Contrôlèe laws conceived and first ratified?

A

The Rhone Valley

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2
Q

What is the major body of water that runs from north to south through the Rhone?

A

The Rhone River

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3
Q

What are two major areas of the Rhone Valley?

A

Northern Rhone - Rhone septentionale

Southern Rhone - Rhone mèridionale

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4
Q

What is the only red grape legally allowed in the appellations on Northern Rhone?

A

Syrah

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5
Q

What is the main red grape of Southern Rhone?

A

Grenache Noir

Note:
Grenache came to France when the Spanish where it is called Granacha, the Spanish crossed the Pyrenees Mountains and brought the grape with them to plant

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6
Q

What is the climate type of the Northern Rhone?

A

Warm - Continental

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7
Q

Where is the Rhone located?

A

Southern France

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8
Q

What is the main white varietal in Northern Rhone?

A

Viognier

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9
Q

What is the most famous region in Rhone where Grenache is used?

A

Châteauneuf-du-Pape ( new castle of the pope)

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10
Q

What is the most popular grape used to make Rośe in the Rhone Valley?

A

Grenache

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11
Q

What is the appellation that is known for their Rośe in the Rhone Valley?

A

Tavel

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12
Q

What region in Northern Rhone is allowed to produce 100% Viognier?

A

Condrieu

Chateau - Grillet - single monopole

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13
Q

True or False

Viognier is used for red blends in the southern Rhone?

A

True - Viognier is used in red blends in the southern Rhone to add aroma and complexity to the wine

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14
Q

How are the Vineyards set up in Northern Rhone?

A

On terraces due to the steepness of the hills. Most Vineyards set right off the Rhone River

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15
Q

What is the climate type of Southern Rhone?

A

Mediterranean

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16
Q

Due to the warmth is Southern Rhone, what allows for grapes to be grown in this region?

A

Le Mistral - a powerful wind that blows north from the Mediterranean where it flows through the Southern Rhone cooling down the grapes during the heat of the day in the summer months

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17
Q

What is soil type in the Rhone Valley?

A

Sand

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18
Q

What are the smooth rocks that make up part of the soil in top Vineyards in the Rhone Valley?

A

Galets - they help to absorb energy from the sun during the day and then release it in the form of gentle heat to the Vines in the evening

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19
Q

Which of the two regions of Rhone is the largest?

A

Southern Rhone, Northern Rhone only makes up like 10% of Southern Rhone

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20
Q

3 white grape varietals in the Northern Rhone?

A

Viognier - Main Grape

Roussane - Secondary Grape

Marsanne - Secondary Grape

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21
Q

In the Northern Rhone which direction does the Vines face?

A

South, so that they can maximize direct sunlight and ripeness

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22
Q

What does Côte - Rôtie translate to and why?

A

Roasted Slopes due to the steep hillside with a southern exposure that gets roasted by the sun

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23
Q

What region produces only red wines made from Syrah and up to 20 percent of the white grape Viognier

A

Côte - Rôtie

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24
Q

What are the names of the 3 single Vineyards that are produced by Guigal in Côte - Rôtie?

A

La Landonne

La Mouline

La Turque

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25
What is the name of the two sub designations in Côte Rôtie?
Côte Brune - More Tannic and Powerful Côte Blonde - More elegant and racy Note: named after a feudal lords daughters hair colors.
26
What is Hermitage named after?
Gaspard de Stèrimberg a retired to the region in the 1200's to live in solitude as a hermit
27
What type of wines does the region of Hermitage produce?
Red and white wines
28
What direction does the Vines face in Hermitage?
South - to maximize the Vines exposure to the sun to increase ripeness
29
What region produces wines that has syrah with max 15% Rousaane and Marsanne and produce white wines made of Marsanne and Rousanne?
Hermitage
30
What is the largest appellation in the Northern Rhone?
St. Jospeh
31
What appellation in the northern Rhone produces wines with Syrah and a max of 15% Marsanne and Roussane?
Hermitage and Crozes - Hermitage
32
What regions in the northern Rhone make red and white wines?
Hermitage Crozes - Hermitage Saint Jospeh
33
What regions in the Northern Rhone produce 100% Syrah?
Cornas
34
What is the largest appellation in the Rhone Valley?
Côte-Du-Rhone - Makes up nearly half of the Rhone Valley total production
35
True or False Côte - du - Rhône wines can be produced from any of the important red varietals grown in the Southern Rhone?
True
36
Côte-du-Rhone wines are usually a blend of what grape?
Grenache
37
What is the AOC subregion of Côte-du-Rhone?
Côte-du-Rhône - Village Note: - located near important winemaking villages in the Southern Rhone, their standards are stricter and the quality is often better
38
What is the major city that is located in the region of Châteauneuf-du-Pape?
Avignon
39
How many approved grapes are allowed in Châteauneuf-du-Pape?
13 Note: Red Grapes: Cinsault, Counoise, Grenache, Mourvèdre, Muscardine, Syrah, Terret Noir, and Vaccarèse White: Bouboulenc, Clairette, Grenache Blanc, Picardin, Picpoul and Roussanne
40
What is the soil type of Southern Rhone?
Rock Based, clay, sandy, limestone or gravel
41
What is Châteaneuf - Calcernier?
The original name of Châteauneuf-du-pape
42
True or False | Châteanuef-du-paper are only red wines?
False - they can be whites or rośe as well
43
What role does Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre in Châteauneuf-du-pape?
Grenache: Sweet ripe, and taste like homemade jam taste Syrah: Deepens the color and adds spice Mourvèdre: Structure
44
True or False Châteanuef-du-pape is aged in new oak barrels
False No it's fermented in large oak barrels called foudres
45
The northern region of Southern Rhone is?
Girgondas
46
Grenache, Mourvèdre, Carigan grapes originally came from what country?
Spain - the grapes were bought over from Spain over the Pyrenees into Rousillion
47
Muscat de Beaumes -de-Venise produces what type of wine from the Muscat Grape?
Vin Doug natural - Sweet fortified wines
48
What is the main soil of Côte Rotie
Schist
49
What direction do the slopes face in Côte Rotie
Southeast and are protected from the cold northerly winds
50
Côte Rôtie wines require how long to reach full maturity
10 years
51
What type of wines do they make in Condrieu AC
White wines
52
What is the main grape of Condrieu
Viognier
53
What are some characteristics of Viognier from Condrieu
- fruit flavors of apricot and peach - golden in color - dry and spicy - best drunk young up to 5 years
54
What is the name of the single vineyard from Condrieu
Château Grillet
55
St Joseph is located on what side of the Rhône River
Western side
56
Hermitage is located on what side of the Rhône River
Eastern side
57
What town sets in Hermitage
Tain
58
What is the soil type of Hermitage
Granite
59
Hermitage is surrounded by what AC
Crozesf - Hermitage
60
The white wines of Hermitage and Crozes - Hermitage are a blend of what grapes
Marsanne and Roussanne
61
If a is made under the Vin de Paille in Hermitage, how is it labeled
Hermitage Vin de Paille AC
62
What is Le Mistral?
A howling icy, northern wind. It's good for keeping the Vines cool In Northern Rhone
63
Cornas sets inbetween what two AOCs
St Joseph and St Péray
64
What is the southern most Appellation in Northern Rhone
St Péray
65
What type of wines do they make in St Péray
White wines ⚪ Sparking wines 🍾🥂
66
What are the main grapes in St Péray
Marsanne ⚪ Rousanne ⚪
67
What method is used to make the sparkling wine from St Péray
Méthode Traditionnelle Méthode Tradionalle Mousseux
68
What is the name of the small area east of St Péray on the river Drôme
Clairette de Die
69
What type of wine do they produce in Crémont de Die
Sparkling wine from the Clairette Grape
70
How can a wine be labeled Clairette de Die Tradition AC
- Minimum 75% Muscat à Petits Grains - plus some optional Clairette - made in the Mèthode Dioise Ancestrale
71
What is the permitted minimum abv in Châteaneuf - du - Pape
12.5%
72
For the best estates in Châteaneuf du pope what is the typical age of maturity to drink this wine
20 years
73
Château Beaucastel - ( a complex blend of 30% Grenache plus most if not all of the other 12 permitted varieties) Château Rayas - (100% Grenache) Domaine du Vieux Telegraph Château La Nerthe (first to call wine Châteaneuf du pope) These are popular estates where in France
Châteaneuf - du - Pope
74
Grenache Blanc ⚪ Bourboulenc ⚪ Clairette ⚪ Roussanne ⚪ These are best white grapes used to make wines in what AOC
Châteaneuf du pope
75
What are the names of the two famous slopes in the Côte-Rôtie?
Côte Brune - More tannic and powerful Côte Blondes - More elegant and racy The names come from the two daughters of a aristocratic feudal lord.
76
What is the main grape of Southern Rhone
Grenache
77
In Gigondas AC what is the grape requirements
80% Grenache maximum in red and rosè wines, with a minimum 15% Syrah and Mourvèdre
78
What is the alcohol apv in Girgondas AC
12.5%
79
What is this main grape of Vacqueras AC
Grenache
80
What is the grape requirement for Vacqueras AC
50% minimum Grenache in the red and rosé blends
81
What is the name of the Large District that is between Côtes-du-Rhone AC and the Côtes du Lubéron AC
Côtes du Ventoux AC
82
What type of wines does Côtes du Ventoux
Red 🔴 White ⚪ Rosé 🔴⚪
83
What is the only French AC that is for rosé wines only
Tavel AC
84
What are the main grape varietals for Tavel AC
Grenache 🔴 Cinsault 🔴 Morvèdre 🔴 Picpoul Noir 🔴
85
What are the grape varietal requirements for Tavel AC
No grape can exceed 60% of a blend
86
What is the apv for Tavel AC
Maximum 13.5%
87
What is the typical color of Tavel AC
Pelure d' Oignon (onion skin)
88
What type of wines does Lirac AC produce
Red 🔴 White ⚪ Rosé 🔴⚪
89
What is the grape requirements for the wines of Lirac AC
For red wines: | Minimum 40% Grenache plus 25% Morvèdre and Syrah, the rest made up of Côtes - du - Rhone varietals
90
What is the main grapes of Coteaux du Tricastin
Grenache 🔴 Syrah 🔴 Carignan 🔴 Mourvèdre 🔴 Cinsault 🔴
91
What type of wines are made in Côte du Lubéron AC
Red 🔴 White ⚪ Rosé ⚪🔴
92
What is the grape requirement for Côtes du Lubéron
For red and rosé Minimum 60% Grenache and Syrah The rest is made up from the same grapes as southern Côtes du Rhone
93
Where does Muscat de Beaumes de Venice get its name
From the village with the same name Beaumes de Venise
94
What makes Muscat Beaume de Venice different from any other wine in Southern Rhone
The wines are naturally sweet They are produced by adding a grape spirit (brandy) to the fermentation to stop it To ensure that plenty of unfermented sugar remains in the wine
95
What type of wine is Muscat de Beaumes de Venise
Vin Doux Natural
96
What is Vin de Natural
A fortified wine, that has been muted during fermentation, after it has achieved between 5 to 8 percent alcohol
97
What is Vin de Liqueur
A fortified wine that is muted with alcohol before fermentation can begin
98
When did Vinsobres gain its AC and for what type of wine
2005 and for red wine
99
What is the grape requirement for Vinsobres AC
Minimum 25% Morvèdre and Syrah
100
If a rosé is made from Vinsobres what AC does it fall under
Côtes-du-Rhône Village AC
101
Côtes du Vivarais AC produces what type of wines
Red 🔴 White ⚪ Rosé ⚪🔴
102
What is the grape requirement for Côtes du Vivarais AC
Red Minimum 90% Syrah and Grenache Rosé Minimum 90% Syrah, Grenache, and Cinsault White Minimum 90% Clairette, Grenache, and Marsanne
103
What are type of wines produced in Rasteau and what AC do they fall under
Red 🔴 White ⚪ Rosé ⚪🔴 - Côtes du Rhône Villages
104
What are the natural sweet red fortified wines produced in Rasteau and can originate from Rasteau, Sablet, and Cairanne
VDN - Vin de Natural
105
How many villages make up the Côtes du Rhone Villages
20
106
Beaume de Venise Cairanne Chusclan Gadagne Laudun Rasteau Roaix Rochegude Rousset-les-Vignes Sablet Saint Gervais Saint - Maurice Séguret Saint Pantaléon Saint Cecile Suze - la Rousse Vaison - la - Romaine Valreas Vinsobres Visan These villages make up what area in southern Rhone
Côtes du Rhone Villages
107
Northern Rhone red wines Southern Rhone Girgondas Chateauneuf du Pape What food pairs well with these wines and why
Roast and dark meat dishes due to their high alcohol content
108
Girgondas Chateauneuf du Pape These wines pair well with what type of dishes
Game and strongly flavored stews
109
What major river does Cahors AC set off of
River Lot
110
What type of wine do they make in Cahors AC
Red wine 🔴
111
What is the main grape in Cahors AC
Malbec (Cot) 🔴 Merlot 🔴 Tannat 🔴
112
What is the usual aging for wines from Cahor AC to reach their full potential
5 years - top wines and vintages take considerably longer to reach full potential
113
What is the grape requirement for Cahors AC
Minimum 70% Malbec - with some Merlot and a little Tannat
114
What are the main red grapes of Gaillac AOC
Duras 🔴 Fer 🔴 Syrah 🔴 Gamay 🔴
115
What are the main white grapes of Gaillac AC
Mauzac ⚪ Muscadelle ⚪ Len de l'El ⚪
116
What does Len de l'El mean
Far from sight
117
If a sparkling wine is made in Gaillac, what is it called and what AOC is it listed under
Gaillac Mousseux or Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Gaillaçoise Gaillaçoise Premières Côtes AOC
118
What method is used to create Gaillac Mousseux
Méthode Traditionalle or Méthode Gaillaçoise
119
What is mèthode Gaillaçoise
Also called Blanquette Méthode - involves no secondary fermentation. - the wine is bottles before the first alcoholic fermentation has finished and carbonic gas is produced during the continuation of fermentation in the bottle. - Disgorgement is involved
120
Jurançon is situated on what physical feature
The Pyrenees
121
Gros Manseng ⚪ Petit Manseng ⚪ Courbu ⚪ Camaralet ⚪ Lauzet ⚪ These are the main grape varieties for what AOC
Jurançon AOC
122
What type of wines are created in Jurançon AOC
Jurançon SEC Also a excellent sweet dessert wine high in alcohol
123
Madiran AOC is situated on what physical feauture
Pyrenées Mountains
124
What type of wines does Madiran AC make
Red Wines
125
What are the grape varitials for Madiran AC
Tannat 🔴 Cabernet Sauvignon 🔴 Cabernet Franc 🔴 Fer 🔴
126
If a white wine is made in Madiran AC what is it labeled as
Pacherene du Vic-Bilh AC
127
What style are the wines made in at Pacherene du Vic - Bilh
Sec Demi - Sec Doux
128
Petit Manseng ⚪ Petit Courbu ⚪ Arrifiac ⚪ These are the main white for what AOC
Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC
129
What is the grape requirement for Madiran AOC
40 - 60% Tannat grapes with Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Fer
130
What type of wines are made in Languedoc / Roussillon
Red 🔴 White ⚪ Rosé 🔴⚪ Sparkling wine 🥂🍾 Vin de Natural (VDN) Vin de Liqueur (VDL)
131
Where in Languedoc / Rousillon are the sparkling wines made
Limoux
132
What region in France is by far the largest producer in both cultivated area and quality of wine
Languedoc / Rousillon
133
What region is the biggest producer of Vin de Table and Vin de Pays in France
Languedoc / Rousillon
134
How many ACs are their in Languedoc / Rousillon
60 and counting
135
What is the southern most AOC in France
Banyuls and Banyuls Grand Cru AOC
136
What type of wines are made from Banyuls and Banyuls Grand Cru AOC
Red 🔴 White ⚪ Rosé VDN 🔴⚪
137
What is the main grape of Banyuls and Banyuls Grand Cru AOC
Grenache 🔴
138
What is the grape requirement of Banyuls AOC
Must be a minimum of 50% Grenache
139
What is the grape requirement for Banyuls Grand Cru AOC
Minimum 75% Grenache
140
What is the aging requirements for Banyuls Grand Cru AOC
Must be matured 30 months before sale - most top quality Banyuls are aged ten to twenty years
141
What type of wines are made in Corbières AOC
Red 🔴 Rosé 🔴⚪ White ⚪
142
Grenache 🔴 Lladoner Pelut 🔴 Mourvèdre 🔴 Syrah 🔴 Carignan 🔴 These are the main red grape varietal for what AOC
Corbières AOC
143
What is the name of the AOC that is situated within Corbières AOC and why
Corbières Boutenec AOC - due to its distinctive limestone base - produces some of Corbières finest red wines
144
What are the names of the two sorts of Fitou and what is distinctive about them
Fitou Maritime - located near the coast Fitou Montagneux - more inland and sets at a higher elevation
145
What AOC divides Fitou
Corbières AOC
146
What is the main grape of Fitou
Carignan 🔴
147
What are some secondary grapes of Fitou
Syrah 🔴 Mourvèdre 🔴 Lladoner Pelut 🔴
148
What is the grape requirement for wines from Fitou
Wines can not exceed 70% Carignan in any blend
149
What major AOC does Costières de Nîmes border
Southern Rhone
150
What type of wines does Costières de Nîmes produce
Red 🔴 Rosé ⚪🔴 (Dry Style) White ⚪
151
What are the main grapes of Costières de Nîmes
Grenache 🔴 Syrah 🔴 Mourvèdre 🔴 Cinsault 🔴 Carignan 🔴
152
Where is Rivesaltes AOC located
In the centre of Languedoc / Rousillon
153
Rivesaltes AC produces 50% of what wines in France
Vin de Naturel (VDN)
154
The VDN wines made from Rivesaltes AC are what type of wines and when is the best time for them to be drunk
Red 🔴 White ⚪ Rosé ⚪🔴 - they are best after 10 years
155
What are the main grape varietals for Rivesaltes AC
Grenache Noir 🔴 Grenache Blanc ⚪ Grenache Gris ⚪
156
If muscat grapes are used in Rivesaltes to make wine, how are they labeled
Muscat de Rivesaltes AC
157
What type of Muscat grapes are used in Muscat de Rivesaltes AC
Muscat Blanc à Petit Grains ⚪ Muscat d'Alexandria ⚪
158
What type of wines are made in Muscat de Rivesaltes AC and when are they best drunk
White ⚪ Rosé 🔴⚪ - young , up to 3 years old
159
What type of wines are made in Limoux AC
still wines Semi Sparkling Sparkling white wines
160
What is the main AC that produces top sparkling wine in Limoux
Blanquette de Limoux AC
161
What grapes are used to make Blanquette de Limoux AC
Mauzac ⚪ Chardonnay ⚪ Chenin ⚪
162
What is the grape requirement for Blanquette de Limoux
90% minimum Mauzac plus Chardonnay and Chenin
163
What is the soil type in Limoux
Limestone
164
What Méthode are the sparkling wines made in, at Limoux AC
Méthode Traditionalle Méthode Traditionalle Mousseux
165
What are the grape requirements for Crémant de Limoux
Maximum 90% Chardonnay and Chenin Maximum 20% Mauzac and Pinot Noir
166
What is Rhône Septentrionale
French for Northern Rhône - a narrow band of vineyards hugging the river just south of Beaujolais from Vienne to Valence
167
What is Rhône Méridionale
Southern Rhône - funnels outward south of Montélimar toward Avignon, near the rivers Mediterranean basin
168
Who is contributed to bringing winemaking to France
The Greeks in 600 BCE
169
What was Greek wine carried in?
Amphorae
170
What pope was responsible for building his summer papal palace in Châteauneuf du Pape
Pope John XXII
171
What were wines called that were produced from the papal vineyards
Vin d'Avigonon
172
What was the first area in France to be hit with Phylloxera
South France in 1863 - Lirac to be exact
173
What was the wine that blended with Bordeaux wine give it more strength in the 18th and 19th century
Hermitage
174
Where was the first AOC and what year did it come into existence
Châteauneuf du Pape and in 1936
175
Name the Regions of Northern Rhone from north to south
``` Côte Rotie Corndrieu St Jospeh Hermitage Crozes - Hermitage Cornas St. Péray Clairette de Die Châtillon en Dois ```
176
What is the climate of Northern Rhône
Continental
177
What is the temperature of Southern Rhone
Mediterranean
178
What is the soil type of Condrieu
Arzelle - thin topsoil rich with powdery, decomposed mica
179
What are some of the flavor notes for Syrah in Northern Rhône
Full bodied Firm Savory Secondary Aromas Smoked, grill meat Olive Lavender Peppercorn
180
What are the wines of Northern Rhone typically fermented and aged in
Foudres - large oak cast
181
What is Co Fermentation
Co-fermentation is the practice in winemaking of fermenting two or more grape varieties at the same time when producing a wine. This differs from the more common practice of blending separate wine components into a cuvée after fermentation.
182
This area is known as the roasted slopes in Northern Rhône
Côte - Rôtie
183
Who is the largest producer in Côte Rôtie
E. Guigal
184
What town is home to E. Guigal
Ampuis
185
Jean Louis Chave Delas M. Chapoutier Jaboulet These are all major producers from where
Hermitage
186
Who produces La Chapelle and what is it named after
Jaboulet - named after a small hillside chapel that stands in commemoration the hermit of Hermitage - Gaspard de Stérimberg
187
Who was Gaspard de Stérimberg
A legendary Crusader turned hermit who lived a life of asceticism atop the hill in Hermitage
188
What is a climat
Single plot of land with its own name, located within a specific vineyard
189
L'Hermite Les Bessards Le Méal Les Gréffieux Beaume Péléat These are all of examples of what and where
Climats and in Hermitage
190
What is the soil type of Cornas
Naked Granite Soil - (Gore)
191
Les Reynards La Côte Les Chaillot Les Mazards These are located where and what are they
The 4 Lieux - Dits (quarters) of Cornas
192
Who is Auguste Clape
The standard bearer of traditional wines from Cornas - known for eschewing destemming for whole cluster fermentation and new oak barrique said for the old Demi - Muids of the region
193
How many liters dues a Demi Muid hold and where are they used
600 liters and typically used in Rhône Valley
194
What AOCs on Northern Rhône can only produce red wine
Côte Rôtie Cornas
195
What does Mousseux mean
Sparkling, found only on cheap fizz
196
What are the flavor notes for Roussanne
Delicate, Acidity and waxy Minerality
197
What are some flavor notes for Marsanne
Broad, Oily texture and marzipan character
198
What style do they make sparking from St Péray
Méthode Traditionelle Mousseux
199
George Vernay Yves Cuilleron André Perret These are all top producers from where and for what type of wine
Condrieu and Viognier
200
What are some flavor notes for Viognier
Honeyed Lushness Intriguing Floral Aromas Rich Texture
201
What are the main red grapes of Châtillon en Diois AOC
Gamay 🔴
202
What type of wines do they make in Châtillon en Dois
Red 🔴 White ⚪ Rosé 🔴⚪
203
What are the white grapes of Châtillon en Dois AOC
Aligoté ⚪ Chardonnay ⚪
204
Southern Rhone accounts for what % of all wine produced in the Rhône Valley
95%
205
Château La Nerthe released their first estate bottled Châteauneuf du Pape in what year
1785
206
Besides Galets, what are some other type of Soils in Châteauneuf du Pape
Alluvial Sediment Gravel Calcareous Clay Sand
207
What type of barrels are used for aging in Châteauneuf du Pape
Old Oak Foudres
208
Why are the following important and where Gadagne Sainte - Cécile Suze-la-Rousse Vaison-la-Romaine
They are the newest AOCs added to Côte Rhône Villages Gadagne - 2012 Sainte - Cécile - 2016 Suze-la-Rousse - 2016 Vaison-la-Romaine - 2016
209
When did Girgondas gain AOC statues
1971
210
What is the main soil of Girgondas
Clay alluvial soil
211
When did Vacqueyras gain AOC status
1990
212
When did Beaumes de Venise gain AOC status
2005
213
When did Vinsobres gain AOC status
2006
214
What is the latest former Côte du Rhône Village to gain its own appellation status
Cairanne in 2016
215
What do all 5 of the appellations that got independent status from being labeled Côte de Rhone Village have in common
They all share the same minimum potential alcohol requirement of 12.5%
216
When a Wine is labeled ambré and tuilé from Rivesaltes in Rousillon what does that mean
The red and wine VDN wines display more oxidative character - subject to at least 3 years of aging prior to release
217
When a Wine is labeled Hors d'age from Rasteau what does that mean
That the wines have matured for at least 5 years prior to release
218
When a Wine is labeled Rancio from Rasteau what does that mean
A deliberately oxidative and maderized style in which the wine is left in open barrels, exposed to the ravages of sunlight and temperature
219
What AOC is known as the birthplace of French wine
Provence
220
What type of wine accounts for over 75% of wines labeled Côtes de Provence
Rosé🔴⚪
221
What is the requirements for rosés from Côtes de Provence
- must be blended from at least two varieties Must be done in by two different methods 1. Saignage - the wine is given color through a short period of skin contact 2. For the palest of wines - immediate pressing of whole grapes
222
Can you blend red or white wines to make rosé in Provence or anywhere in France
No
223
What are the main grapes used for rosé and red wine in Provence
Cinsault 🔴 Grenache 🔴 Mourvèdre 🔴 Syrah 🔴 Garrigue 🔴
224
What is the type of bottle used in Provence
Skittle
225
La Londe Pierrefeu Sainte - Victoire Fréjus These are the 4 subzones for what region and what type of wines can they make
Provence Red wine 🔴 Rosé ⚪🔴
226
What is the only appellation in France that requires a focus on Mourvèdre
Bandol AOC
227
What are some flavor characteristics of Mourvèdre from Bandol
Full Bodied Plummy Dense Often show animal character
228
What is the aging requirement for Bandol AOC
18 months in oak
229
Domaine Tempier Château de Pibarnon Château Pradeaux These are top producers in what region in France
Bandol AOC
230
What is the only appellation outside of Bordeaux to publish a taking Grand Cru Classé Estate
Côtes de Provence
231
What year did Côtes de Provence classify it's Grand Cru Classé estates
1955
232
How many estates were originally classified to Grand Cru Classé status in Côtes de Provence
23
233
What are the two Crus for St Chinian AOC and what type of wines do they make
Berlou Roquebrun Red wines 🔴
234
If Mauzac is solely used to make sparkling wine from Limoux AOP, what method is used
Methodé Ancestrale
235
Muscat de Mireval AOC Muscat de Lunel AOC Muscat de St Jean de Minervois AOC Muscat de Frontignan AOC These are 4 important appellations to Languedoc for what reason
These are the 4 main fortified wine Appellations
236
Muscat de Frontignan is the most common of the 4 small fortified wine appellations, what type of fortified wines do they make
VDN - Vin de Naturel VDL - Vin de Liqueur
237
Where is 90% of the fortified wines from France made
Roussillon
238
What does Riversaltes mean
High rivers
239
What are the two methods used to age fortified wines from Roussillon
1. Glass Bonbonnes - holds 70 liters and they set out in the sun to bake the wine 2. Solera System
240
Wines from Rivesaltes AOC that are aged a minimum 5 years may be called what
Hors d'age
241
What style from Riversaltes AOP may blend red grapes (Grenache Noir) with white varieties
Tuilé
242
What grape is the sole component of the grenat style of wine from Riversaltes AOC
Grenache Noir 🔴

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