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France - Loire Valley Flashcards

1
Q

What would sparkling wines from the Loire have on the label to measure level of fizziness?

A

Fully sparkling wines from the aforementioned appellations will be labeled mousseux (or “crémant” in Savoie), whereas lightly sparkling wines are labeled pétillant.

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2
Q

What is the name of the longest river in France?

A

The Loire is France’s longest river and the last wild river in Europe.

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3
Q

True or False. The Loire Valley produces more white wine than any other French region

A

True

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4
Q

True or False. The Loire Valley is second only to Champagne in sparkling wine production.

A

True

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5
Q

What is the local name for Chenin Blanc in Anjou?

A

Pineau de la Loire

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6
Q

What is the local name for Cabernet Franc in the Loire?

A

Breton

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7
Q

To ensure lighter, fresher character, Muscadet wines show best at ____ % ABV or below

A

To ensure lighter, fresher character, Muscadet wines show best at 12% ABV or below

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8
Q

What is the grape used to make Muscadet wines?

A

Melon de Bourgogne

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9
Q

What is the name of the only appellation where sur lie wines must be vintage dated?

A

Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP
North of Sèvre-et-Maine AOP and wines are generally leaner. Good source of grapes in warmer vintages
Only appellation where Sur lie wines must be vintage dated

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10
Q

What are the Sur Lie Aging requirements?

A

Wine must originate from land qualifying for one of the three sub-appellations.
Aged on their lees over the winter and are bottled directly off the fine lees (without filtering) between March 1 and November 30 of the year following the harvest. The process adds complexity, richness, and a slight sparkle to the finished wines.

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11
Q

What are the aging requirements for wines with a Hermine d’Or badge?

A

Wines must spend minimum 18 months sur lie

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12
Q

What is the name of the only appellation in Pays Nantais where sur lie wines must be vintage dated?

A

Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP
North of Sèvre-et-Maine AOP and wines are generally leaner. Good source of grapes in warmer vintages
Only appellation where Sur lie wines must be vintage dated

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13
Q

What are the 4 subzones of the Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP?

A

All 3 below were added in 2011:
Clisson
Le Pallet
Gorges

Mouzillon-Tillières (Added in 2019*)

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14
Q

What is the EU equivalent for wines with a PGI (Protected Geographical Indication) quality level in the Loire Valley?

A

VDP (Vin de Pays): An IGP is often a larger area with slightly less regulations as AOP. You’ll notice that PGI wines are often labeled with the grape varieties as well as the PGI zone. The term Vin de Pays is the Pre-EU version of PGI and you will sometimes find wines labeled with Vin de Pays such as “Vin de Pays du Val de Loire.”

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15
Q

What is the EU equivalent for wines with a PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) quality level in the Loire Valley?

A

Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP

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16
Q

What is vin Mousseux?

A

Sparkling wine

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17
Q

What is another name for Chenin Noir?

A

Pineau d’Aunis

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18
Q

How do you say sparkling in French?

A

Mousseux

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19
Q

What is another name for Pineau d’Aunis?

A

Chenin Noir

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20
Q

Which sub-region in France only permits 100% Romorantan?

A

Cour-Cheverny AOP

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21
Q

What is another name for Chenin Blanc in Anjou?

A

Pineau de Loire

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22
Q

What is the local name for Cabernet Franc in the Loire?

A

Breton

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23
Q

What is the name of the appellation for both wine and goat cheese?

A

Valençay AOP

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24
Q

What is the name for Pinot Gris in Touraine Noble-Joue?

A

Malvoisie

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25
Q

What was the first “Grand Cru” of Loire Valley, and in what year was it awarded?

A

Quarts de Chaume (in Coteaux du Layon) was awarded Grand Cru status in 2010

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26
Q

What major geographical feature influences Coteaux de l’Aubance, and what style of wine is produced here?

A 
Aubance River (helps for the development of Botrytis)
Sweet wines (SGN)
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27
Q

What major geographical feature influences Coteaux du Layon and what style of wine is produced here?

A 
Layon River (helps for the development of Botrytis)
Sweet wines (SGN)
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28
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Haut Poitou?

A

Sauvignon (Blanc and Gris) is featured in white wines while Cabernet Franc is the majority grape in reds and rosés.

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29
Q

What is the soil type in Saumur?

A

Soft Tuffeau limestone soils (like Touraine). Near the commune of Champigny—the “field of fire”—the limestone is harder, iron-rich, and inflected with shale.

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30
Q

How many villages may produce the red wine Saumur-Champigny?

A

8 surrounding villages may produce the red wine Saumur-Champigny, a light, bright, and elegantly floral expression of Cabernet Franc.

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31
Q

Where is the “Feild of Fire” located?

A

Saumur-Champigny. From the latin term Campus Ignis

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32
Q

What are the two AOCs of Savennieres and who produces wine from those vineyards? Name as many as you can…

A

Coulee de Serrant
- Nicolas Joly- monopole

Savennierres Roche aux Moines

  • Nicolas Joly
  • Pierre Soulez
  • Domaine Aux Moines/Laroche Family
  • Domaine Clément Barraut
  • Domaine Damien Laureau
  • Château Pierre Bise
  • Domaine FL
  • Domaine des Forges
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33
Q

What are the two most noteworthy AOPs within Coteaux du Layon?

A

Bonnezeaux


Quarts du Chaume

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34
Q

Which AOP’s can grapes be sourced for Crémant de Loire?

A

Crémant de Loire AOP allows blending Includes all of Anjou AOP, Touraine AOP and Cheverny AOP

Styles: Vin Mousseux Blanc / Vin Mousseux Rosé. May include “Val de Loire”
Grapes: Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis (Max. 30% combined CS and PdN)
Sparkling Wine Requirements:
Traditional Method
Minimum 9 months on the lees prior to dégorgement. Cannot be released for a min. 12 months after the date of tirage
Harvest Method: Manual harvesting is mandatory.

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35
Q

Which AOP’s can grapes be sourced for Rosé de Loire AOP

A

Rosé de Loire AOP
Allowing blending Includes all of Anjou AOP, Touraine AOP but NOT Cheverny AOP

Styles: Rosé de Loire. May include geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label
Grapes: Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauv, Pinot Noir, Gamay, Pineau d’Aunis

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36
Q

What are the 3 soil types in Chinon?

A

1) Tuffeau limestone - More common on the slopes
2) Clay
3) Varennes - Sandy, alluvial Varennes soils are closest to the river Vienne—a Loire tributary

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37
Q

What is the only grape permitted in Cour-Cheverny?

A

Romorantin. In both dry and off-dry styles

38
Q

What is the grape varietal used to make Saumur Blanc?

A

Only 100% Chenin Blanc is permitted

39
Q

True or false. Still rose wine is permitted under the Anjou AOP.

A

False. Only sparkling is permitted. Rose is made under the Cabernt de Loire and

40
Q

True or false. Still rose wine is permitted under the Saumur AOP.

A

False. Only sparkling is permitted

41
Q

What are the 2 rose AOP’s for Anjou?

A

Cabernet d’Anjou AOP

Rosé d’Anjou AOP

42
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Anjou Village Brissac AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

RED WINE ONLY AOP. Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

43
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Coteaux du Layon AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

100% Chenin blanc. Wines are botrytis-affected sweet wines

44
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Anjou Village AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

RED WINE ONLY AOP. Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

45
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Saumur AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Dry white, rosé, red, and sparkling wines → NO STILL ROSE WINE!
Blanc - Requires 100% Chenin Blanc. (Until 2016, adding SB and Chardonnay).
Rouge - Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, & Pineau d’Aunis (Chenin Noir)

46
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Saumur-Champigny AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

100% Cabernet Franc.

47
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Haut-Pitou AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Sauvignon (Blanc and Gris)

Cabernet Franc - Majority grape in reds and rosés.

48
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Touraine Noble-Joué AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Rose wine ONLY. Gris Meunier (Pinot Meunier), Malvoisie (Pinot Gris), and Pinot Noir.

49
Q

What is the name of Touraine’s rose appellation?

A

Touraine Noble-Joué AOP

50
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Chinon AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

RED, ROSE AND WHITE ALLOWED.
Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Rosé: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
Rouge: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon

51
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Borgueil AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Red and rose wines ONLY. Cabernet Franc with a maximum 10% Cabernet Sauvignon

52
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Red and rose wines ONLY. Cabernet Franc with a maximum 10% Cabernet Sauvignon

53
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Vouvray AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

ONLY WHITE & TRADITIONAL METHOD SPARKLING WINE. Chenin Blanc & Orbois (Pineau) is seldom encountered by may be blended at max 5%

54
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

WHITE AND TRADITIONAL METHOD SPARKLING ONLY

Grapes: 100% Chenin Blanc - Orbois is not permitted!

55
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Coteaux du Loir AOP AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

White Wines: 100% Chenin Blanc

Red Blends and Rosés: Pineau d’Aunis

56
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Sub-Appellation of the Jasnières AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Sub-Appellation - Jasnières AOP
ONLY WHITE: 100% Chenin Blanc
Source of the Coteaux du Loir’s best wines.

57
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Coteaux du Vendômois AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Coteaux du Vendômois AOP

A newer appellation producing wine in all three colors, but specializing in dry rosé of 100% Pineau d’Aunis.

58
Q

What are the sweetness levels of Vouvray?

A 
Sec
Sec-tendre
Demi-Sec
Moelleux
Liquereux
59
Q

Why would producers choose to vary the amounts of residual sugar?

A

Even though it is not legally recognized, wines will be produced and labeled with a range of sweetness levels. The final decision on residual sugar is usually a response to the vagaries of each vintage, not a consistent stylistic choice.

60
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Cheverny AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Cheverny AOP
Whites: Primarily Sauvignon Blanc
Red & Rose: Primarily Pinot Noir but Gamay and max 10% Côt or Cabernet Franc allowed

61
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Cour-Cheverny AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Cour-Cheverny AOP
WHITES ONLY: 100% Romorantin (Related to Chardonnay) susceptible to botrytis and can make a sweet wine that’s usually a better value deal than Chenin.

62
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Valençay AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Valençay AOP
Appellation for wine AND goat cheese
Whites: Predominantly Sauvignon Blanc.
Red and Rosé: Gamay, Pinot Noir, and Côt.

63
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Sancerre AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

White Grapes: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rose Grapes: 100% Pinot Noir
Red Grapes: 100% Pinot Noir may be vinified as Sancerre Rouge or Rosé.

64
Q

Where is Domaine Huet located?

A

Touraine - Vouvrey

65
Q

Where is Clos Rougeard located?

A

Anjou - Saumur - Saumer-Champigny

66
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Orleans-Clery AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

100% Cabernet Franc

67
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Pouilly-Fume AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Pouilly-Fume AOP

ONLY WHITE WINE: 100% Sauvignon Blanc

68
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Pouilly-Sur-Loire AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Pouilly-Sur-Loire

Named after the commune of Pouilly-Fume
ONLY WHITE WINE. 100% Chasselas → Grape that is dominant in Switzerland

69
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Menetou-Salon AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Menetou-Salon AOP

Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: 100% Pinot Noir
Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir

70
Q

What are the 3 soil types in Sancerre?

A

Sancerre AOP 3 Soil Types:

1) Silex (high proportion of flint)
2) Terres Blanches (kimmeridgian clay like in Chablis and Champagne)
3) Caillotes (stony, with fossils)

71
Q

What is the soil type in the Pouilly-Fume AOP?

A

Pouilly-Fume AOP

Soil: Flinty Silex which gives the wine reduction (ie. Gun flint)

72
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Reuilly AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Reuilly AOP
Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris
Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir

73
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Quincy AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Quincy AOP

ONLY White wine. Sauvignon Blanc with 10% maximum Sauvignon Gris

74
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Coteaux Giennois AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Coteaux Giennois AOP
White from 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Red and Rose: BLEND of Pinot Noir and Gamay

75
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Chateaumillant AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Chateaumillant AOP
SW corner of the Cher Department
Red and rose mostly of gamay

76
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the St-Pourcain AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

St-Pourcain AOP
Wines of all three colors
Rosé: 100% Gamay

77
Q

Which appellations in the Loire produce red and rose from 100% Gamay?

A

The red and rosé wines of Côtes du Forez AOP and Côte Roannaise AOP are exclusively produced from Gamay and are similar to the lighter styles of Beaujolais.

78
Q

Which AOP in the Loire was the 2nd demarcated appellation in France following CDP?

79
Q

What do both the Côtes du Forez AOP and Côte Roannaise AOP have in common?

A

The red and rosé wines of Côtes du Forez AOP and Côte Roannaise AOP are exclusively produced from Gamay and are similar to the lighter styles of Beaujolais.

80
Q

What is the southernmost region of the Loire?

A

Cotes d’Auvergne AOP
Wines of all three colors but white wines are 100% Chardonnay
Southernmost region of the Loire

81
Q

What are the grapes permitted in the Cotes d’Auvergne AOP? List both red and white and styles permitted

A

Cotes d’Auvergne AOP
Wines of all three colors but white wines are 100% Chardonnay
Southernmost region of the Loire

82
Q

What are the soil types in Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?

A

Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil is situated almost wholly on lighter alluvial soils

83
Q

What is the white grape permitted under thee Touraine AOP?

A

Sauvignon Blanc with 20% Sauvignon Gris

84
Q

What style of wine is made in the Touraine Noble-Joué AOP and what are the grapes allowed?

A

Created in 2001, Touraine Noble-Joué AOP recreates a historical style of vin gris, a blend of Gris Meunier (Pinot Meunier), Malvoisie (Pinot Gris), and Pinot Noir.

85
Q

What is another name for the Malvoisie grape?

A

Pinot Gris

86
Q

What style of wine is the Coteaux du Vendômois AOP famous for?

A

The Coteaux du Vendômois AOP, a newer appellation producing wine in all three colors, but specializing in dry rosé of 100% Pineau d’Aunis.

87
Q

What are the styles of wine permitted in the Orléans AOP and what grapes are allowed?

A

White, red, rose. Chardonnay and Meunier

88
Q

Who is the producer of “Clos du Papillon?”

A

Domaine des Baumard

89
Q

Silex is a soil in Sancerre composed of sand and _____.

90
Q

What style constitutes the majority of Anjou wine production?

91
Q

Who is the producer of “Clos du Papillon?”

A

Domaine des Baumard

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