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CMS - Study Guide > Australia - General > Flashcards

Australia - General Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What is the hottest appellation in Australia?

A

Swan Valley

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2
Q

Where were the first grapes planted in Australia? When were they planted?

A

New South Wales. 1788

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3
Q

What is the largest wine region in Australia?

A

Riverina

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4
Q

What is another name for Riverina?

A

Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area

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5
Q

What is the name of the mountainous geographical formation along the SE edge of Australia?

A

The Great Dividing Range

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6
Q

What are the 6 states of Australia?

A 
New South Wales
Victoria
Tasmania
South Australia
Western Australia
Queensland
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7
Q

What are the 2 territories of Australia?

A

Northern Territory - Where the outback is, no grapes grow here
Australian Capital Territory - Surround’s the country’s official capital of Canberra. Also partially shared by the New South Wales.

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8
Q

What is the name of the governing body for Australian wine?

A

Wine Australia.

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9
Q

What is the name for appellations in Australia? What rules are there associated? Are there any restrictions?

A

Geographical Indications.

Appellations are strictly geographical and there are NO restrictions on grape varietals, yields, etc.

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10
Q

True or false. GI’s place restrictions on grape varietals, yields, etc.

A

False. Appellations are strictly geographical and there are NO restrictions on grape varietals, yields, etc.

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11
Q

Which states are included in the SE Australia? Which states have only partial inclusion?

A 
South Australia (Partial inclusion)
Victoria
New South Wales
Tasmania
Queensland (Partial inclusion)
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12
Q

What wines is the Tumbarumba GI known for?

A

Sparking

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13
Q 
Arrange in order from largest to smallest:
Sub-Region
State
Zone
Region
A

State
Zone
Region
Sub-Region

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14
Q

Where does Australia rank in the world in terms of total wine production?

A

Rank 6th in the world in terms of total wine production

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15
Q

Where does Australia rank in terms of exporting to the US?

A

2nd leading exporter of wine to the US behind Italy

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16
Q

Where does Australia rank in the world in terms of exporting in general?

A

They are the 5th largest wine exporter behind Italy, France, Spain and Chile.

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17
Q

Which states experienced decimation from Phylloxera?

A

Phylloxera decimated vineyards in New South Wales and Victoria

South Australia was kept unaffected by officials and became the most important wine-producing region in the late 1800’s.

Australia’s success in combating and isolating phylloxera has bestowed the country with some of the oldest vines in the world— In Barossa Valley—Some are over 150 years old, and are planted on their own rootstock.

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18
Q

Which state, zone and region (and sub-region if applicable) are some of the oldest vines in the world located? What varietal are they?

A

Marsanna
Victoria → Central Victoria Zone → Goulburn Valley Region → Nagambie Lake

Grenache and Shiraz
South Australia → Barossa Zone → Barossa Valley—Some are over 150 years old, and are planted on their own rootstock.

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19
Q

Which state, zone and region is Nagambie Lake located?

A

Victoria → Central Victoria → Goulburn Valley Region → Nagambie Lake

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20
Q

Which state and zone is Riverland located?

A

South Australia → Lower Murray Zone → Riverland Region

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21
Q

Which state and zone is Barossa Valley located?

A

South Australia → Barossa Zone → Barossa Valley Region

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22
Q

Which state and zone is Yarra Valley located?

A

Victoria → Port Phillip Zone → Yarra Valley Region

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23
Q

Which state and zone is Coonawara located?

A

South Australia → Limestone Coast Zone → Coonawara Region

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24
Q

Which state and zone is Rutherglen located?

A

Victoria → North East Victoria Zone → Rutherglen Region

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25
Q

Which state and zone is Clare Valley located?

A

South Australia → Mount Lofty Zone → Clare Valley Region

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26
Q

Which state and zone is Eden Valley located?

A

South Australia → Barossa Zone → Eden Valley Region

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27
Q

Which state and zone is McLaren Vale located?

A

South Australia → Fleurieu Zone → McLaren Vale Region

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28
Q

Which state and zone is Swan Valley located? What is the name of the sub-zone?

A

Western Australia → Greater Perth Zone → Swan District

There is a sub-zone called Swan Valley

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29
Q

Which state and zone is Margaret River located?

A

Western Australia → South West Australia Zone → Margaret River

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30
Q

What type of wine is Margaret River known for?

A

White and red Bordeaux blends

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31
Q

Which Australian state is responsible for 51% of wine production?

A

South Australia annually produces 51% of the nation’s grapes, and most of Australia’s largest wine groups are headquartered there.

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32
Q

Which regions account for nearly 40% of wine production?

A

Riverland in South Australia and Riverina in New South Wales, which together account for nearly 40% of Australia’s wine production, were unsuitable for viticulture prior to the use of irrigation.

33
Q

Which state is responsible for 25% of Australian wine production?

A

New South Wales accounts for approximately 25% of Australia’s wine production

34
Q

What is the hottest appellation in Australia? Where is it located?

A

Swan Valley sub-zone

Western Australia → Greater Perth Zone → Swan District
→ Swan Valley

35
Q

What are the important aspects of Australian winemaking techniques?

A 
Important Aspects of Australian Winemaking Techniques:
Technical proficiency
Mechanical harvesting
Irrigation
Large-scale blending
36
Q

Which state and zone is specifically cooled by sea breezes blowing up from Antarctica?

A

Coastal Victoria is cooled by sea breezes blowing up from Antarctica, and the Port Phillip zone surrounding the city of Melbourne has a cool maritime climate, experiencing winter average temperatures lower than Bordeaux or Burgundy.

37
Q

What zone is the city of Perth located?

A

Western Australia

38
Q

What zone is the city of Adelaide located?

A

Southern Australia

39
Q

What zone is the city of Melbourne located?

A

Victoria

40
Q

What zone is the city of Sydney located?

A

New South Wales

41
Q

What Region in Australia is the Terra Rossa soil most prevalent?

A

Coonawara.

It can also be found in smaller quantities in Padthaway

42
Q

What is Terra Rossa soil?

A

Red clay left from decomposed limestone

43
Q

Where is the Pewsy Vale winery located? What type of wine are they famous for?

A

Rieslings

44
Q

Who makes the famous “Grange” wine?
What grape varietal is it made from?
Where are they located?

A

Penfolds. 100% Shiraz. Eden Valley (Barossa Zone, South Australia)

45
Q

Who makes the famous “Hill of Grace” wine?
What grape varietal is it made from?
Where are they located?

A

1958 - Henscke’s “Hill of Grace” debuts → All Shiraz from the Hill of Grace vineyard in Eden Valley (Barossa Zone, South Australia)

1990 - Yalumba “Octavius” Syrah debuts (From Eden Valley region, Barossa Zone, South Australia)

46
Q

Who makes the famous “Octavius” wine?
What grape varietal is it made from?
Where are they located?

A

1990 - Yalumba “Octavius” Syrah debuts (From Eden Valley region, Barossa Zone, South Australia)

47
Q

What does the 1990 Wine Label Integrity Program require?

A

1990 - Introduced the Label Integrity Program - The Label Integrity Program of Australia requires an 85 percent minimum across the board:
– 85 percent stated grape variety on label
– 85 percent stated vintage on label
– 85 percent stated region on label → Wines may also be labeled with the state (or country) of origin.

48
Q

Which up-and-coming winemaker produced the “Canberra District Shiraz”?
What grape varietal is it made from?

A

1992 - Clonakilla created the Canberra District Shiraz

It is co-fermented with a small percentage of Viognier

49
Q

Who are the two largest producers in Riverina? Which brands are they famous for?

A

Casella - Producer of Yellow Tail, sources most of its fruit for the brand from Riverina.
De Bortoli - Producer of “Noble One,” a botrytized Semillon dessert wine.

50
Q

What is Hunter Valley famous for?

A

Semillon, Verdelho

Traditionally sparking wine as well, made famous by Napoleon

51
Q

What is the climate in Victoria?

A

Cool Maritime

52
Q

What is the name of the producer who has the oldest Marsanna grapes in the world? Where are they located?

A

Tahbilk, five-generation family owned winery. This place is known as tabilk-tabilk, ‘place of many waterholes’
Phylloxera spelled disaster for many wineries in Victoria, yet Tahbilk, a compelling producer in the Nagambie Lakes subregion of Goulburn Valley, protected its vineyards from the pest and today produces a flagship Shiraz from vines planted in 1860. The estate also boasts the oldest Marsanne vines in Australia, and possibly the world.

53
Q

What is the climate in Hunter Valley?

A

Subtropical

54
Q

What is Victoria’s oldest wine region?

A

Yarra Valley

55
Q

Where is the producer Mount Mary located? What types of wines to they produce?

A

Located in Yarra Valley. They are considered a cult classic. This older boutique winery produces Bordeaux and Burgundian-style wines.

56
Q

What are the 2 distinct soil types in Yarra Valley?

A

Two distinct soil types—grey-brown sandy loam and red basalt-derived soils—divide the valley

57
Q

What is the type of wine produced in Rutherglen and Glenrowan? What grape varietals are they made from?

A

Topaque - Sweet fortified wines made from Muscadella
Rutherglen and Glenrowan are famous for sweet fortified wines. A fortified “Topaque” (formerly “Tokay”) style is produced from Muscadelle grapes. Rutherglen’s aged, fortified Brown Muscat (Muscat à Petits Grains Rouge) wines are incredibly rich, sweet, and raisinated, with the more mature wines displaying marked rancio character.

58
Q

What is the climate in Barossa Valley?

A

Mediterreanean

59
Q

Name the 2 Regions in the Barossa Zone

A

Barossa Valley

Eden Valley

60
Q

How many regions are there in the Barossa Zone?

A

2
Barossa Valley
Eden Valley

61
Q

What is the Barossa zone known for?

A

The inland Barossa zone is Australia’s most important region for premium Shiraz.
The Barossa Valley GI (a region within the zone) is home to 150-year-old vines (Grenache), and ranks with the Hunter Valley as one of Australia’s most celebrated wine regions.

62
Q

What city resides within South Australia? What geographical influences exist?

A

Near the city of Adelaide
The Barossa Zone is surrounded on three sides by Mount Lofty Ranges
Southern Ocean and the cool currents from Antarctica

63
Q

Where is the best Shiraz from in Australia?

A

The inland Barossa zone is Australia’s most important region for premium Shiraz.

64
Q

Where is the best Cabernet in Australia?

A

The Coonawarra region produces what is often considered Australia’s best Cabernet Sauvignon.

65
Q

What is the most planted grape in Eden Valley?

A

The vineyards of Eden Valley GI, Barossa Valley’s cooler counterpart in the zone, are more evenly distributed between white and red production.
**Shiraz is the regions most planted grape

66
Q

Where is the best Riesling in Australia?

A

Despite Clare Valley’s warmer, continental climate and preponderance of red grapes in the vineyard, the GI offers Australia’s most classic and ageworthy interpretation of Riesling. Eden Valley also produces more austere versions of Riesling.

67
Q

What are the soil types in Clare Valley?

A 
Soil: Soil types vary between the 2 sub-regions of Watervale and Polish Hill River
Polish Hill (North) - Broken slate which makes more austere wines
Watervale (South) - Limestone-based terra rossa
68
Q

What are the 3 GI Regions of the Mount Lofty Zone?

A

Clare Valley
Adelaide Plains
Adelaide Hills

69
Q

What is the climate in Eden Valley vs Clare Valley?

A

Eden Valley - Mediterreanean, but cooler and at a higher elevation

Clare Valley - Warm Continental

70
Q

What grape varietal is Adelaide Hills known for?

A

Sauvignon Blanc is the most planted variety followed by Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

71
Q

What is the most planted variety in Adelaide Hills?

A

Sauvignon Blanc is the most planted variety followed by Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

72
Q

What is the most important region in the Fleurieu Zone?

A

McLaren Vale → The zone’s most important and warmest region

73
Q

Which zones make up the Adelaide Super Zone?

A

Barossa, Mount Lofty Ranges and Fleurieu

74
Q

What grape varietal is McLaren Vale known for?

A

It is a predominantly red wine area focusing on Cabernet Sauvignon and Rhône varieties → Shiraz, Grenache, and Mourvèdre (Mataro)

75
Q

What is the climate in McLaren Vale?

A

Mediterranean

76
Q

What grape varietal is Coonawara known for?

A

The Coonawarra region produces what is often considered Australia’s best Cabernet Sauvignon.

77
Q

What is the climate in McLaren Vale?

A

Cool, maritime-influenced. Very similar to Bordeaux but slightly cooler

78
Q

What wines is Tasmania known for?

A

Sparking

CMS - Study Guide (31 decks)

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