France Flashcards
1
Q
TRUE or FALSE? Loire River is the longest river in France ?
A
TRUE, runs from the Massif Central to the Atlantic Ocean.
2
Q
What year was the first appellation d’origine contrôlé created?
A
1936
3
Q
What entity regulates the AOP system in France ?
A
INAO (Institut national de l’origine et de la qualité)
4
Q
What types of soils compose the Armorican Massif?
A
Metamorphic rocks (gneiss, slate, schist, granite)
5
Q
What area of the Loire Valley is situated in the Armorican Massif?
A
West of Angers (Pays Nantais and part of Anjou-Saumur)
6
Q
Which wine regions of France are situated in the Bassin de Paris?
A
Champagne
Chablis
Eastern Loire Valley (Saumur, Touraine, Central Vineyards)
7
Q
What type of soils define the Bassin de Paris?
A
Sedimentary soils, with calcareous sub-soils
8
Q
What climates define the Pays Nantais and Anjou ?
A
Maritime
9
Q
What part of the Loire Valley has the greatest continentality?
A
Central Vineyards
10
Q
Synonym of Cabernet France in the Loire Valley?
A
Breton
11
Q
What are the two most planted grape varieties in the Loire Valley?
A
Cabernet Franc (25%)
Sauvignon Blanc (16%)
12
Q
Pineau de Loire, Gros Pineau and Plant d’Anjou are all synonym of what grape?
A
Chenin Blanc
13
Q
Melon B and Latran are synonym of what grape?
A
Melon de Bourgogne
14
Q
Melon B, Gamay, Romorantin and Chardonnay would all be offsprings of the same two grape varieties. Which ones?
A
Gouais Blanc
Pinot
15
Q
What synonym is given to Sauvignon blanc in the Loire?
A
Blanc Fumé
16
Q
Why was Melon B widely planted in the colder Pays Nantais region?
A
Hardy variety, high-yielding, less susceptible to frost.
17
Q
Name two synonym of Menu Pineau.
A
Arbois
Orbois
White variety, mostly used in blends. Used to be widely planted, before being replaced by Sauvignon Blanc.
18
Q
For what types of wines is Chardonnay mostly used in the Loire Valley?
A
Back bone of still white blends
Sparkling wines
19
Q
What are the parents of Cabernet Sauvignon?
A
Cabernet Franc
Sauvignon Blanc
20
Q
Waht is the more common name of Chenin Noir?
A
Pineau d’Aunis
High yielding grape, produces light red wines, mostly used in blends and rosé wines.
21
Q
Name the synonym of Malbec in the Loire Valley.
A
Côt
22
Q
What are the two regional AOPs of the Loire Valley that cover Anjou-Saumur, Touraine and part of the Pays Nantais?
A
Crémant de Loire AOP
Rosé de Loire AOP
23
Q
Name the 4 IGPs in the Loire Valley.
A
IGP Val de Loire
IGP Côtes de la Charité
IGP Coteaux de Tannay
IGP Coteaux du Cher et de l’Arnon
24
Q
Minimum time spent on lees for Crémant de la Loire AOP.
A
9 months
25
What grape variety is most commonly the main blending grape of Crémant de Loire AOP?
Chenin Blanc
26
Allowed grapes for Crémant de Loire AOP.
Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, (Max. 30% Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d'Aunis)
27
What method is mandatory for Crémant de Loire AOP?
Traditional method, second fermentation in the bottle
28
Are Rosé de Loire AOP wines dry, off-dry or sweet?
Dry, max. residual sugar 3g/L
29
Rosé de Loire AOP is mainly made with Malbec and Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. True or false?
False, Grolleau/Grolleau gris and Cabernet Franc mostly (Cab.S. Pinot Noir, Gamay and Pineau d'Aunis allowed.)
30
What is Grés de Vosges?
Pink sandstone soil found in Alsace.
31
Gutedel is associated with which grape in Alsace?
Chasselas
32
What is Muschelkalk ?
Type of soil. Calcareous rock formed of limestone, clay and fossils. It is found in many Grand Crus of Alsace, as well as Burgenland and some regions of Germany.
33
Synonym of Chardonnay in Burgundy.
Beaunois
34
Most planted grape variety in Burgundy.
Chardonnay
35
What grape variety is also named Morillon and Noirien?
Pinot Noir
36
What event in 1395 casted a shadow to Gamay reputation?
Philip the Bold's ban cultivation of Gamay within Burgundy's territory.
37
True or false? Aligoté is a sibling of Chardonnay.
TRUE. Gouais Blanc X Pinot cross
38
What AOP of Burgundy produces Sauvignon Blanc based wines?
Saint-Bris AOP
39
Burgundy AOPs that can be Gamay based wines.
- Bourgogne Gamay AOP (min.85%, IF vineyard in Beaujolais Cru AOP)
- Bourgogne Passe-tout-grains AOP (min.15%, min 30% PN, max.15% Chardo, PB, PG. Vinified together)
- Coteaux Bourguignons AOP (gamay + PN)
- Mâcon AOP (Gamay + PN, 100% Gamay with Geo. Designation)
40
What are La-Chapelle-Notre-Dame, Le Chapitre, Montrecul and Côte-Saint-Jacques?
Lieux-dits that can be added to Bourgogne AOP
41
Name the 4 Communal Geographical sub-zones of Bourgogne AOP.
Bourgogne-Chitry AOP
Bourgogne-Coulanges-la-Vineuse AOP
Bourgogne-Épineuil AOP
Bourgogne-Tonnerre AOP
42
Côte de Nuits-Villages AOP may only be produced in 4 communes of the Côte de Nuits, Which ones?
-Brochon
-Premeux
-Corgoloin
-Comblanchien
43
A wine labeled Côte de Beaune-Villages AOP is most likely to be what style?
Only still red wine, PN
44
What styles of wine does Côte de Nuits-Villages AOP produce?
White and red still wines
45
True or false? Côte de Beaune-Villages AOP reds can be produced in Pommard and Volnay communes?
FALSE. Côte de Beaune-Villages AOP wines can only be red wines produces in any communes of the côte de Beaune, EXCEPT Pommard, Volnay, Aloxe-Corton and Beaune.
46
What AOP of Burgundy is based on traditional field blends of the past?
Bourgogne Passe-tout-grains AOP
47
What commune is known for Crémant de Bourgogne production?
Rully
48
Bourgogne Mousseux AOP may only be red. True or False?
True. Only traditional method sparkling reds. Gamay + PN (principal varieties)
49
Minimum aging time on lees for Crémant de Bourgogne and Bourgogne Mousseux AOPs?
9 months
50
What do the term Eminent and Grand Eminent mean, referring to Crémant de Bourgogne?
Classification of the Union des Producteurs et Élaborateurs de Crémant de Bourgogne (UPECB)
Eminent; 2 years on lees, Chardo, PN, Gamay and Aligoté only)
Grand Eminent; 3 years on lees, Chardo, PN, max 20% Gamay for Rosés, max. 75% press, max 15g/L RS.
51
True or False ? A Crémant de Bourgogne Eminent can only be made of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.
False, allowed varieties also include Gamay and Aligoté.
52
Minimum aging of Crémant de Bourgogne Eminent and Grand Eminent.
Eminent; 2 years
Grand Eminent; 3 years
53
How many Grand Cru AOPs are there in the Côte d'Or ?
32
54
How many Grand Crus AOPs are there within Chablis AOP ?
7
55
What is the smallest Grand Crus AOP of Burgungy?
La Romanée AOP (0,85ha) Smallest AOP in France
56
Who's monopole is La Romanée AOP?
Comte Liger-Bélair
57
How many Crus Villages are there in Beaujolais?
10
58
What does the term Murgers mean ?
Pile of rocks removed from the vineyard during tilling.
59
What IGP overlaps Beaujolais, Northern Rhône and Savoie?
Comtés Rhodaniens IGP
60
In what département is Beaujolais situated in ?
Chablis?
Beaujolais; Saône-et-Loire
Chablis; Yonne
61
What two Catholic monastic orders are responsible for most of the vineyard delimitations and quality winemaking in Burgundy?
Benedictines and Cistercians
62
What famous plot in Burgundy used to be known as ''Clos de Cinq Journaux'' in the 12th century.
Romanée-Conti (Benedictine plow; the Priory of Saint-Vivant de Vergy would have received a gift of unplanted land, around 1131.)
63
What major book was published in 1855 had a great impact on the vineyard classifications of Burgundy?
Jules Lavalle's Histoire et statistique de la vigne et des grands vins de la Côte d'Or. It became a benchmark classification of the climats and formed a based hierarchy for the AOC system.
64
Define provignage.
Layering (planting new vines by burrying a cane from a mother vine, etc.)
65
Difference between Fermage and Métayage.
Fermage: Tenant pays to lease land
Métayage: Form of Sharecropping, the farmer produces wine for both labels (owner and himself).
66
Was was the impact of the Napoleonic Code on Burgundy's vineyards.
Fragmentation of vineyards and parcels, which would split estates, making every male sons have equal inheritance, instead of only the firstborn son.
67
Biggest vineyard holder of the Côte d'Or?
Bouchard Père & Fils (130ha)
(Louis Jadot ; 150ha, but all around Burgundy.)
68
What is the most commonly used training system in Burgundy?
Guyot simple or double (head-trained, cane-pruned with one spur)
**Chablis: Taille Chablis, cane-pruned system
**Cordon de Royat is also encountered, cordon-trained, one permanent wood arm.
**Gobelet: Beaujolais
69
What is the most common orientation of the rows the Côte d'Or?
East-West
or
North-South
East-west, running down the slopes, not parallel to them.
70
What famous Grand Cru is planted with rows running north-south?
La Romanée
71
What is the traditional planting density in the Côte d'Or?
10 000 vines per hectare, the minimum by law is 9 000.
72
What vintage was marked by a Ladybug problem during harvests in Burgundy?
2004 and 2011
73
What is Flavescence dorée?
disease caused by phytoplasma (bacteria), spreaded by leafhopper insects. Vine growth slows, berries shrivel, leaves yellow and vine may die. No cure.
74
Clos Saint-Denis is a monopole of Dujac?
False
75
Bonne-Mares is split between what two villages?
Chambolle-Musigny and Morey-st-Denis
76
Which of those technics would be considered modern in Burgundy?
a. Aging in neutral oak
b. extended cold maceration
c. Whole cluster fermentation
d. sélection massale
Extended cold maceration
77
Clos de Tavannes is a top premier cru in what AOP?
Santenay AOP
78
Minimum ABV % for Chablis Premier Cru ?
10.5%
11%
11.5%
12%
11%
79
Pouilly-Fuissé includes all of the listed communes, except;
a. Solutré
b. Lugny
c. Vergisson
d. Chaintré
Lugny
80
What was blamed for pyrazine0like aromas in the wines of 2004 and 2011 vintages in Burgundy?
a. harmonia xyridis
b. Flavescende dorée
c. Eutypa dieback
a. harmonia xyridis (ladybug)
81
The Côte d'or is situated on what geographical fault?
Saone
82
Domaine Joblot is a top estate in which AOP?
Givry
83
Who produces ''Vigne de l'Enfant Jesus''?
Bouchard
84
Who was the first producer in the Côte d'Or to adopt a biodynamic approach?
Jean-Claude Rateau
85
What is the highest elevation cru in Beaujolais?
Chiroubles
86
Which of those Grand Crus is NOT produced by François Raveneau?
Vaudésir
Blanchot
Les Clos
Valmur
Vaudésir
87
Beaujolais Primeur may not be released before what date?
3rd thursday of November
88
Match the lieu-dits with a Beaujolais Cru.
Les Capitans
Côte de Py
La Madonne
Chapelle des Bois
Les Côtes
Les Charmes
Pisse-Vieille
L'Écluse
Les Capitans - Juliénas
Côte de Py - Morgon
La Madonne - Fleurie
Chapelle des Bois - Fleurie
Les Côtes - Chiroubles
Les Charmes - Morgon
Pisse-Vieille - Brouilly
L'Écluse - Côte-de-Brouilly
89
What is the highest elevation Beaujolais Cru?
Chiroubles
90
In what Beaujolais Cru can we find Roche Pourrie?
Morgon, iron rich schist-basalt
91
Who are the Gang of four?
Marcel Lapierre, Guy Bréton, Jean-Paul Thévenet, Jean Foillard
92
Maximum % of Gamay de Bouze that can be added to Beaujolais red and rosé wines?
What particularity does the grape have?
10% Maximum
Teinturier grape
93
Difference in ABV % between Beaujolais rouge and Beaujolais rouge Supérieur.
10.5% instead of 10%
94
Clos de la Roilette did not label its wines Fleurie AOP when the AOP was created in 1936. Why ?
Clos de la Roilette used to be part of Moulin-à-vent commune. When the new designation delimitations put him within Fleurie AOP, this upset the owner and he refused to label his wines Fleurie. The estate also shares the same soils than Moulin-à-vent, instead of Fleurie's Gore soils.
95
Smallest Cru Beaujolais?
Chénas
96
Chénas wines can also be labeled as ... AOP
St-Amour AOP
97
Smallest Chablis Grand Cru AOP
Grenouilles
98
La Moutonne is shared between what Grands Crus ?
Preuses and Vaudésirs
99
Which of those Premiers Crus are situated on the left bank of the Serein River?
Fourchaume
Vaillons
Beauroy
Montmains
Montée de Tonnerre
Mont de Milieu
Vaillons, Beauroy, Montmains
100
Beaujolais region runs along what river?
Saône
101
Butteaux and Forêts Premiers Crus are situated within what other premier cru?
Montmains
102
Which of those producers is most related to reductive winemaking?
Jean-Paul and Benoit Droin
Louis Michel et Fils
Vincent Dauvissat
Christian Moreau
Louis Michel et Fils
103
Sort from North to South the following villages;
Vosne-Romanée
Marsannay
Maranges
Ladoix-Serrigny
Marsannay
Vosne-Romanée
Ladoix-Serrigny
Maranges
104
Maximum % of white grapes allowed in most Burgundy reds.
Name a reason why they are allowed?
15%
PN highly prone to mutation in the vineyards
105
Name a quality producer of Marsannay AOP
Bruno Clair, Sylvain Pataille, Jean Fournier, Château de Marsannay, Domaine Bart
106
Where is situated the lieux-dit Le Chapitre?
Marsannay
107
Name the 9 Grands Crus AOPs of Gevrey-Chambertin.
Mazis-Chambertin
Ruchottes-Chambertin
Chambertin Clos de Bèze
Chambertin
Latricières-Chambertin
Chapelle-Chambertin
Griotte-Chambertin
Charmes-Chambertin
Mazoyères-Chambertin
108
Match the producer with a village;
Perrot-Minot
Frédéric Mugnier
Méo Camuzet
Emmanuel Rouget
Marquis d'Angerville
Ramonet
Perrot-Minot, Gevrey-Chambertin
Frédéric Mugnier, Chambolle-Musigny
Méo Camuzet, Vougeot
Emmanuel Rouget, Flagey-Échezeaux
Marquis d'Angerville, Volnay
Ramonet, Puligny-Montrachet
109
What other grand cru of Gevrey-Chambertin can be labelled as Charmes-Chambertin AOP ?
Mazoyères-Chambertin
110
Clos de Tart AOP is a monopole of ?
Artemis Group (François Pinault)
111
What Tonnellerie is based in Saint-Romain?
Tonnellerie Frères
112
Clos des Lambrays AOP is a monopole of what producer?
TRAP, it is not a monopole. 0,1ha is owned by Taupenot-Merme, the rest is solely owned by domaine des Lambrays (LVMH)
113
What communes of Côte Chalonnaise only produce white wines?
Montagny (Chardo) and Bouzeron (Aligoté)
114
macon village can only be...
white
115
What is used to chaptalize wines in Burgundy?
Beet sugar
116
Which of those producers is more likely to used whole-cluster vinification?
Dujac or Henri Jayer
Dujac
117
Whole-bunch pressing of white grapes elevates the pH of the must. True or False?
FALSE.
whole-bunch pressing produces a cleaner, less phenolic and lower pH must.
118
Is acidification legal in Burgundy?
Yes.
119
Most white wines of Chablis and Côte d'Or undergo Malolactic Fermentation. True or False
True
120
Size of a Burgundy Pièce?
228L
121
Size of the Feuillettes in Chablis?
132L
122
What river runs through Chablis?
Serein River
123
In what département is Chablis situated?
Yonne
124
What defines Kimmeridgian soils?
Crumbly, chalky marl (clay - limestone) that contains abundant Exogyra Virgula fossils (oyster shells). Kimmeridgian refers to an Age in the Upper Jurassic Epoch, 150-157 million years ago, named after the village of Kimmeridge in Dorset, UK.
125
In what 3 wine regions of France can we find Kimmeridgian soils?
Central Vineyards (Loire - Sancerre), Champagne, Chablis
126
What soil type, other than Kimmeridgian, do we find in Chablis vineyards?
Portlandian limestone, harder cap rock with less clay content than Kimmeridgian marl. It is mostly found on plateaus and ridges along the Serein river, on more exposed and cooler vineyards, often within Petit Chablis AOP delimitations.
127
La Moutonne is a monopole of what producer?
Long-Depaquit
128
Chablis Grand Cru AOP vineyards are situated on what side of the Serein River?
Right bank. Best south-southwest hillsides and kimmeridgian soils.
129
Name the 7 Grands Cru vineyards of Chablis.
Valmur
Vaudésirs
Preuses
Les Clos
Bougros
Blanchot
Grenouilles
130
What is the biggest Chablis Grand Cru in term of acrage?
Les Clos (27ha)
131
What is the smallest Chablis Grand Cru in term of acrage?
Grenouilles (9ha)
132
Name 3 quality producers of Montée de Tonnerre.
Billaud-Simon, Louis Michel et Fils, François Raveneau, Jean Collet, Vocoret, Patrick Piuze, etc.
133
the 3 lieux-dits Chapelot, Côte de Bréchain and Pied d'Aloup can be labeled under which Chablis Premier Cru?
Montée de Tonnerre
134
Clos des Hospices is situated within which Grand Cru?
Les Clos
135
Clos des Hospices is a monopole of what producers?
Christian Moreau & Louis Moreau
136
Billaud-Simon is owned by what producer from Nuits-Saint-Georges?
Faiveley, since 2014
137
Long-Depaquit is owned by which Beaune négociant ?
Albert Bichot
138
Who produces Chablis Saint-Pierre?
Vincent Dauvissat. Basic Chablis AOP cuvées, vineyards bordering Premiers crus parcels.
139
What is the northern most AOP of Burgundy ?
Bourgogne-côte-saint-jacques AOP
(Bougogne lieux-dit official sub-zone, commune de Joigny, Yonne)
140
How many ouvrées are there in 1 hectare ?
24 ouvrées
141
What is Exogyra Virgula ?
Fossilised Oyster (found in Kimmeridgean soils, bassin de Paris)
142
In Burgundy, what does the term chevet mean ?
water chanel
143
Négociant project from Domaine de Montille ?
Deux Montille
144
Benjamin Leroux is associated to what Domaine ?
Comte Arnaud, Pommard
145
Biggest land owner of all Burgundy ?
Joseph Drouhin (150ha)
146
Between Louis Jadot, Joseph Drouhin and Bouchard Père et Fils, which négociant is the oldest ?
Bouchard père et Fils (1731)
147
Referring to Burgundy, what does the term en foule mean ?
Gobelet-trained vineyards before the replants in orderly rows (pre-phylloxera)
148
What does provignage mean ?
layering
149
Between single Guyot and double Guyot, which one is more common on the Côte d'or ?
Simple guyot (one cane+one spur)
150
Can you name 3 exceptions to the generic rule of east-west orientation of the rows in the côte d'Or?
Clos des Lambrays
La Romanée
Clos de Tart
151
Jules Lavalle published important texts during what century ?
How is his work important to Burgungy ?
1850s
He classified the vineyards and climats of Burgundy. Hos work is still the base for the official Burgundy wine regulations.
152
What was carbon disulfite used for ?
To combat Phylloxera bug in the 19th and early 20th century.
(Highly toxic and flammable pesticide)
Was widely used in Burgundy, many vignerons were afraid to replant and used chemicals at high extends. (Romanée-conti was only replanted on rootstocks in 1945 and heavily sprayed with carbon disulfate)
153
What domaine was the first to adopt biodynamic viticulture in Côte d'Or ?
Domaine Jean-Claude Rateau (1979)
154
On a regular basis, what diseases and viruses are Burgundy vignerons fighting against ? (name 3)
Esca (fungal disease, wood necrosis)
Eutypa Dieback (trunck fungal disease)
Grey rot
Powdery and downy mildew
Dead arm
Court-noué ; grapevine fanleaf virus, spread by nematodes
Flavescence dorée ; disease spread by bateria, by leafhopper
155
Why can the ladybug give pyrazine like aromas to wines ?
They secrete pyrazines as pheromones
156
What is Harmonia Axyridis ? What vintages were greatly impacted by it in Burgundy ?
Ladybug
2004-2011
157
chablis is siting on what parallel ?
48th
158
What monopole of Henri Gouges is produced in white, Pinot blanc (Pinot Gouges) ?
Clos des Porrets Saint Georges premier cru
159
The famous Dijon clone originated from vine cutting taken in what vineyard ?
Domaine Ponsot's Clos de la Roche Grand Cru parcel
160
In Burgundy, to what do Pinot Fin and Pinot Droit refer to ?
Pinot noir clones categories that appear at the beginning of vine selection , 1960s
Pinot Droit (higher yields)
Pinot fin (low yields)
161
What is Raymond Bernard known for ?
Creator of the first Dijon clones of Pinot Noir
162
Approximately, how many degrees of alcohol a grape can develop with the intracellular fermentation ?
2 %
163
Name 3 producers of the Côte d'or that use notable ratio of whole berry or whole cluster during their red wine vinification.
Domaine de la Romanée-Conti
Dujac
Christophe Pacalet
Domaine Leroy & D'Auvernay
Domaine de Montille
Simon Bize
Chandon de Briailles
Domaine de l'Arlot
ETC.
164
What are the effects of whole-bunch pressing for white wines vifnication?
- lesser tannic must
- lower pH
- less danger of oxydation (two opposing camps, may actually be the cause of Premox)
165
What is Jean-Antoine Chaptal known for ?
Initiator of the concept of Chaptalization in 1801
166
Name two vintages in Burgundy where acidification was common.
2003
2009
2019
ETC.
167
Minimum % of grapes to be labeled as an IGP?
As an AOP ?
85% from stated IGP
100% from stated AOP
168
Name 2 effects that the Gulf Stream has on Bordeaux's climate ?
-Warming effect; extends the growing season
-Lowers spring frost danger
169
What ocean current has an effect on Bordeaux's climate?
Gulf Stream
170
Average annual rainfall in Bordeaux ?
950mm
More than all other wine regions of France *
171
What effect can high rainfall have on Bordeaux vineyards ?
- Disturb flowering and fruit set
- Bring rot and fungal diseases
- Dilute grape flavors during harvests
172
What two aspects protect the Médoc from Ocean influence ?
Landes Forest
Sand Dunes
173
Preferred soil of the Cabernet Franc in Bordeaux Right bank ?
Limestone-based soils as well as warmer soils, rock and gravel
174
Preferred soil of the merlot on the Bordeaux right bank ?
Clay soils (it ripens faster than the Cabernets and can grow in cooler soils)
175
Bordeaux top red wines usually spend how long in oak before release ?
12-20 months, depends on the estates
176
Most planted white grape of Bordeaux ?
Sémillon
177
average sunlight hours in Bordeaux ?
1550h
178
Most planted red grape of Bordeaux ?
Merlot
179
Can you name one white and one red variety that is newly authorized for Bordeaux AOP blends in small quantities ? (Climate change experimentations)
Alvarinho
Lilorila
Touriga Nacional
Marselan
Castet
Arinarnoa
180
Difference of ABV between a Bordeaux rouge and a Bordeaux rouge supérieur?
10.5% VS 11%
181
Bordeaux blanc supérieur can be vinified dry ?
No, minimum 17g/L
182
Minimum spent on lees for Crémant de Bordeaux AOP?
9 months
183
Name from north to south the 6 communes of Haut-Médoc.
Saint-Estèphe
Pauillac
Saint-Julien
Listrac-Médoc
Moulis-en-Médoc
Margaux
184
What composes Boulbènes ?
Name an AOP where we can find it.
Mix of sand-clay-gravel
Graves AOP
Pessac-Léognan AOP
185
In what region - AOP would you fin producers defined as Garagistes ?
Can you name one ?
Bordeaux, Pomerol AOP
Le Pin
186
What villages can add their names to Côtes de Bordeaux AOP ?
Cadillac
Blaye
Castillon
Francs
187
What part, between the north and the south, in Saint-Émilion AOP, produces the highest quality wines ?
North-west plateaus and Escarpments
Better drained soils, gravel and limestone
188
Bordeaux Crus Bourgeois Classification is renewed at what frequency ?
When was the last one?
Can you name a Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel ?
Every 5 years
2020
Châteaux Paveil de Luze Margaux
Château d'Arsac Margaux
Château Le Bosq Saint-Estèphe
Lillian Ladouys Saint-Estèphe
Le Crock Saint-Estèphe
Château Lestage Listrac-Médoc
Château d'Agassac Haut-Médoc
Château Arnauld Haut-Médoc
Château Belle-Vue Haut-Médoc
Château Cambon La Pelouse Haut-Médoc
Château Charmail Haut-Médoc
Château Malescasse Haut-Médoc
Château de Malleret Haut-Médoc
Château du Taillan
189
What important river runs across Bergerac AOP ?
Dordogne
190
Can you name an AOP that is included in Bergerac AOP's territory ?
Montbazillac AOP
Rosette AOP
Pécharmant AOP
Saussignac AOP
191
Style produced in Côtes de Montravel AOP
Sweet whites
192
What is the sweetest between Haut Montravel AOP and Cote de Montravel AOP ?
Haut-Montravel AOP (Minimum 85g/l RS)
Côte de Montravel AOP (25-54G/L RS)
193
% of Tannant for Madiran AOP ?
Blending partners ?
60-80% Tannat
Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Fer
194
% of Malbec for Cahors AOP ?
minimum 70%
195
Authorized varieties for Jurançon VT ?
Which one is higher quality for passerillage style?
Petit Manseng
Gros Manseng
Petit Manseng *** Retains more acidity
196
In what AOP can we find a variety called Ondenc ?
Gaillac AOP
197
Style produced in Gaillac Premières Côtes AOP?
Dry whites only
198
What AOP of the southwest produces red wines with principally Négrette ?
Fronton AOP
Minimum 50% Négrette
With Syrah, cot, Fer, Cabernets, Gamay Cinsault, Mérille
199
In Burgundy, Grands Crus AOPs count for what % of Bourgogne region production ?
about 1%
200
Aligoté parentage ?
Gouais blanc X Pinot
201
Parentage of Malbec ?
Prunelard X Madeleine Noire des Charentes
202
Parentage of Gamay ?
Pinot X Gouais blanc
203
What is a Combe ?
Failles in Burgundy's escarpment that result in small valleys running east-west along the region, this creates microclimates
204
Name 2 monopoles in the côte de Beaune
Clos des Cortons - Corton AOP, Faiveley
Clos des Épeneaux - Pommard, Comte Armand
Clos de l'écu, Beaune AOP, Faiveley
205
Name the 5 village AOPs of Côte Chalonnaise.
Which one is known for quality reds ?
Rully AOP
Bouzeron AOP
Mercurey AOP
Givry AOP
Montagny AOP
Mercurey AOP **
206
Most planted red grape of Mâcon AOP ?
Gamay
207
Mâcon AOP red wines must be 100% Gamay if labeled with what mention ?
With a geographical designation
208
Name 3 villages that can add their names to Mâcon AOP ?
Azé, Bray, Burgy, Bussières, Chaintré, Chardonnay, Charnay-lès-Mâcon, Cruzille, Davayé, Igè, La Roche-Vineuse, Lugny, Mancey, Milly-Lamartine, Péronne, Pierreclos, Prissé, Saint-Gengoux-le-National, Vergisson, Verzé
Serrières
Fuissé, Loché, Montbellet, Solutré-Pouilly, Uchizy, Vinzelles
209
Most Alsace Grands Crus AOPs are situated in the Bas-Rhin or the Haut-Rhin ?
Haut-Rhin
210
What two Alsace Grand Crus AOPs allow blends ?
Altenberg de Bergeim AOP
Kaefferkopf AOP
211
Two most planted grapes of Alsace ?
Riesling
Pinot Blanc
212
What grapes are authorized for VT and SGN in Alsace AOP ?
Muscat
Gewürztraminer
Pinot Gris
Riesling
213
Alsace sits on what latitude ?
48
214
Average annual rainfall of Alsace ?
500-600mm
215
Average sunlight during growing season for Alsace AOP ?
1350 h
216
Between a gentil and a Eldelzwicker, which one is most likely to be higher quality ?
Gentil (unoffocially regulated blend, minimum 50% noble grapes)
217
Is MLF often occuring in Alsace wines ?
no
218
A Riesling simply labelled Alsace Riesling is most likely to be dry or off-dry?
DRY
Max 6g/L RS if not a VT, SGN or a lieux-dit
219
What aspect is better for high quality vineyards in Alsace ?
Southeast-south aspects
220
What is Grès des Vosges ?
Pink Sandstone
221
Cémant d'alsace rosé blend ?
100% Pinot noir
222
Ottrott, Rodern, Saint Hippolyte are most aassociated with what varietal ?
Pinot Noir
223
Savagnin rosé is found in what Alsace AOP geographical designation ?
Klevener de Heiligenstein
224
Who produces clos Jebsal ?
Zind-Humbrecht, Turckheim
225
What chain of mountains protect Savennières AOP from ocean influence?
Mauges Hills
226
Minimum ABV% of Muscadet Sèvre et maine AOP
10%
11% with geographical designation
227
Mains soils of the northen rhône?
Schist and granite
228
% of whites grapes allowed in Saint-Joseph AOP ?
10%
229
REferring to northern rhône, what is Chassis ?
Name of lower part of Crozes-Hermitage AOP, more flat, less qualitative area
230
Name 2 advantages for head-pruning on stakes in Germany ?
-Steep slope ; maximize the sunlight exposure and air circulation
- easier and safer movements around the vineyard for workers, allows for the use of pulleys
- proximity to stony soils that retain and reflect heat
231
