Fracturi de coloana si bazin Flashcards

1
Q

La tineri

A

se asociaza cu

leziuni intratoracice

intra-abd

ale extremitatilor

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2
Q

La varstnici

A

fractura de coloana in urma unui traumatism minor pe un os cu rezistenta scazuta

din cauza osteoporozei / unei tumori

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3
Q

Fracturile de coloana

Coloana este instabila daca

A

miscarile neprotejate → deplasari in focarul de fractura → pot compromite integritatea struct nervoase

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4
Q

In toate cazurile in care e suspectata o leziune spinala

A

examen neurologic complet + detaliat

imd ce starea pacientului o permite

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5
Q

Pacienti inconstienti

cei cu leziuni localizate deasupra claviculei (faciale)

A

coloana cervicala se presupune a fi lezata pana se dovedeste contrariul

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6
Q

Pac cu fracturi minore, de compresie la nivelul coloanei toracice inferioare / lombare

dezvolta frecvent

A

ileus (din cauza hemoragiei retroperitoneale)

NU TREBUIE ALIMENTATI ENTERAL INAINTE DE REMITEREA ILEUSULUI

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7
Q

Daca apare paraplegia

(traumatism catastrofic al coloanei)

A

semnele altor leziuni sunt mascate de absenta functiei senzitive

→ examinare sistematica, amanuntita a tuturor struct vitale

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8
Q

Suspiciune de traumatism de coloana

A

imobilizat la nivelul leziunii - guler cervical

+

cap fixat intre saci cu nisip

torace + extremitati → fixate de o targa rigida

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9
Q

Fracturile de bazin

Pelvisul transfera G corp →

A

articulatiile sacroiliace + acetabul in ORTOSTATISM

tuberozitati ischiadice in pozitie SEZANDA

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10
Q

La nivelul pelvisului → retea vasculara bogata, cu originea in

A

arterele iliace

plexul lombosacral

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11
Q

Fracturile de bazin apar in urma

A

contuzii cu velocitate mare

se asociaza cu

pierderi sanguine masive

leziuni multiple de organ

instabilitate hemodinamica: stabilizare de urgenta a bazinului cu un fixator extern

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12
Q

Cele 2 obiective ale chir de urgenta in fracturile de bazin

A

control hemoragie

permiterea recuperarii pulmonare

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13
Q

1 din 5 fracturi de bazin prezinta concomitent

A

leziuni VU / uretra la barbati

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14
Q

Prin meatul uretral se exteriorizeaza sange / pacientul nu poate urina

inainte de introducerea unui cateter vezical

A

uretrografie retrograda → evaluare integritate uretra

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15
Q

Hematurie

A

urografie intravenoasa → functie renala

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16
Q

Daca se deceleaza sange in rect / vagin

A

fractura de bazin deschisa

17
Q

Dupa debridare + fixare externa

fracturile de bazin deschise sunt tratate prin

A

colostomie → prevenim contaminarea cu materii fecale a focarului de fractura