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Orthopaedics > Fractures: Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

Fractures: Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Colles’ fracture?

A
  • Transverse # of radius along metaphysis
  • Dorsal displacement and angulation
  • 1 inch proximal to radiocarpal joint

NO ARTICULAR INVOVLEMENT

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2
Q

When do Colles’ fracture classically present?

A

FOOSH

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3
Q

What type of deformity is a/w Colles’ fractures?

A

Dinner fork type deformity

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4
Q

What is a Bennett #?

A

Intra-articular # at the base of the thumb metacarpal

Due to forced abduction of first metacarpal (e.g. in fist fights)

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5
Q

What is seen on x-ray in a Bennet #?

A

Triangular fragment at base of thumb metacarpal

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6
Q

What is a Dupuytren #?

A

Medial malleolus avulsion fracture
Posterior malleolus fracture
Tibiofibular ligament rupture

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7
Q

What is a Galeazzi #?

A

fracture of the radial shaft

dislocation of the ulna from its articulation with the radius at the distal radio-ulnar joint

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8
Q

When do Galeazzi # typically occur?

A

Fall on hand with rotational force

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9
Q

In whom do Galeazzi #s present?

A

Children

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10
Q

What is a Smith #?

A

Distal radius # a/w volar angulation and displacement (‘Garden spade deformity’)

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11
Q

How are Smith # commonly caused?

A

Falling onto the POSTERIOR aspect of the outstretched hand

(E.g. by falling backwards or falling with flexed wrists)

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12
Q

Another term for Smith #?

A

Reverse Colles’ #

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13
Q

When do Galeazzi # typically occur?

A

Fall on hand with rotational force

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14
Q

What is seen on x-ray in Galeazzi #?

A

Displaced radial fracture
Prominent ulnar head due to dislocation of inferior radioulnar joint

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15
Q

What is seen on examination in Galeazzi #?

A

Bruising, swelling, tenderness over lower forearm

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16
Q

What is a Barton’s #?

A

Distal radius fracture + radiocarpal dislocation

17
Q

How may Barton’s # occur?

A

Fall onto extended and pronated wrist

18
Q

What is the most common type of carpal fracture?

A

Scaphoid

19
Q

What does the scaphoid form in the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Floor

20
Q

A FOOSH can cause what types of scaphoid fractures?

A

Tubercle
Waist
Proximal 1/3

21
Q

Main signs of scaphoid fractures?

A

Tenderness and swelling in anatomical snuffbox - MAIN
Pain on wrist movement
Pain on longitudinal thumb compression (telescoping)

22
Q

Ix for suspected scaphoid fracture?

A

Ulnar deviation AP

23
Q

How may scaphoid fractures occur?

A

Direct hard blow to palm
FOOSH

24
Q

define a monteggia fracture?

A

proximal third of ulnar shaft
anterior dislocation of radial head at capitellum

25
Q

mx of unstable fractures?

A

open repair in adults
manipulation under anaesthesia and cast for children

26
Q

what is seen in a monteggia fracture on xray?

A

radiocapitellar line does not pass through middle of capitellum of humerus

27
Q

what is seen in a galeazzi fracture on xray aside from the fracture?

A

widened distal radioulnar joint (ap)
ulna displaced dorsally (lat)

28
Q

what is a chaffeur’s fracture?

A

intraarticular fracture of radial styloid
due to direct trauma or forced dorsiflexion and abduction of wrist

29
Q

what is a boxer fracture?

A

transverse # through MT5
punching hard surface

30
Q

comps of colles’ fractures?

A

mal/nonunion
sudek’s atrophy
extensor pollicis longus rupture
median n. injury
carpal tunnel syndrome
frozen shoulder (due to fall causing shoulder injury as well rather than due to fracture itself)

31
Q

mx of scaphoid fracture?

A

place wrist in beer glass position and cast it
start treatment even if no initial radiographical evidence of fracture

32
Q

how does scaphoid AVN present?

A

pain and stiffness at the wrist

33
Q

indications for surgery in a boxer’s fracture?

A

Significant rotation or angulation of the affected fingers.
Articular involvement of the fracture
Multiple metacarpal fractures
Open fractures

34
Q

most common carpal bone fracture?

A

scaphoid
then triquetrum

Orthopaedics (67 decks)

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