fractures Flashcards
transverse fracture
a fracture at 90 degrees to the long axis of the bone
oblique fracture
a fracture at an angle across a bone
spiral fracture
a fracture that occurs at the ‘break point’ of a twisting force
Multifragmentary/ comminute fracture
a bone fractured into several pieces
avulsion fracture
a bony fragment separated from the main body of the bone (usually occurs at ligament and tendon insertions)
longitudinal/ fissure fracture
a fracture that runs parallel to the long axis of the bone
bowing
a bone bow but no cortical break
torus
a buckle of one cortex of a bone (common in paediatrics)
greenstick fracture
cortical break of one cortex with a buckle in the other- resembles a stick breaking due to being bent
stress fracture
occurs when a bone is unable to withstand repetitive loading force
-common in athletes
pathological fracture
a fracture that occurs due to bone weaken by a disease (tumours or infection)
dislocation
displacement of a bone from a joint
subluxation
partial dislocation
stage 1 of bone healing
blood vessels form the fracture sit clot/ haematoma
white blood cells (macrophages and inflammatory leukocytes) move in promoting inflammation to initiate healing and remove debris
what are macrophages and inflammatory leukocytes
white blood cells
