FP-C #8 Flashcards

1
Q

Sedative-hypnotic agents

A

depresses the CNS and also provides some anesthesia –> relaxes muscle and brain

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2
Q

Antiarrhythmic class I medications

A

blocks sodium channels–> reduces myocardial conduction and automaticity–> slows HR and conduction

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3
Q

Anxiolytics

A

depresses the CNS–> calming and sedates - lowers BP and HR

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4
Q

Calcium

A

improves contractions and stabilizes heart cells

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5
Q

5- hydroxytriptamine receptor antagonist antiemetics

A

selectively blocks serotonin receptors in the medulla–> reduces nausea/vomiting

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6
Q

Direct vasodilator medications

A

causes direct dilation of arterial smooth muscle–> lowers BP and reduces SVR

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7
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

calms muscle cells and slows SA conduction–> corrects convulsions in eclampsia, corrects torsades, corrects hypomagnesemia

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8
Q

Phenothiazine antiemetics

A

blocks dopamine in the cerebral medulla–> suppresses the vomiting center - also has some antihistamine action

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9
Q

Ultra short-acting nonbarbituate hypnotic agents: etomidate type

A

depresses the CNS –> relaxes muscles and brain

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10
Q

Nitrates

A

arterial and venous smooth muscle relaxant–> vasodilates–> lowers BP and increases coronary blood flow

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11
Q

Barbituates

A

depresses the sensory cortex–> prevents Sz and sedates - lowers BP and HR

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12
Q

Alpha-adrenergic antagonists

A

blocks alpha receptors–> prevents vasoconstriction–> BP lowers

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13
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

prevents angiotensin -aldosterone system–> lowers BP

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14
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

depresses the CNS through GABA inhibition –> relaxes muscles and brain- lowers BP and HR

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15
Q

Antiarrhythmic class II medications

A

blocks beta I receptors–> slows HR

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16
Q

Histamine-2 blocker

A

blocks histamine 2 receptors–> reduces gastric acids

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17
Q

Ultra short-acting nonbarbituate hypnotic agents: ketamine type

A

depresses the CNS and releases small amounts of chatecholamines –> relaxes muscles and brain without hemodynamic drop

18
Q

Corticosterioids

A

reduces inflammation –> returns bronchial wall to more normal size –> improves airflow

19
Q

NSAIDs

A

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis–> reducing pain

20
Q

Antisecretory medications

A

reduces intestinal secretions and motility–> palliates esophageal varices

21
Q

Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

A

paralysis WITHOUT stimulation of the neuromuscular junction

22
Q

Anticoagulants

A

impair platelet aggregation or activation ability–> prevents clots

23
Q

Opioids

A

stimulates opioid receptor–> reduces the sensation of pain, lowers mental status, BP, HR and RR

24
Q

Glucagon

A

causes release of blood sugar into liver and reverses beta blocker/calcium channel blocker tox

25
Q

Beta-agonists

A

cause a sympathetic response –> raises HR and bronchodilates- can be selective

26
Q

Histamine-1 blocker

A

blocks histamine 1 receptors–> prevents/corrects bronchospasm, allergy, or analphylaxis - potentiates opioids

27
Q

Thrombolytics (fibrinolytics)

A

converts plasminogen to plasmin–> breaks apart clots

28
Q

Anticholinergic medications

A

block acetylcholine receptors–> increases HR, BP, bronchodilation

29
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

alkalizing agent–> increases urinary and serum pH–> corrects acidosis

30
Q

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

A

paralysis from stimulation of the neuromuscular junction

31
Q

Antiarrhythmic class III medications

A

blocks potassium channels–> delays repolarization and increases refractory period–> prepares heart for a safe ‘next’ beat

32
Q

Potassium chloride

A

replaces lost potassium

33
Q

Prostaglandin E

A

causes direct relaxation of the ductus arteriosis and vascular smooth muscle–> corrects some congenital heart conditions of a newborn

34
Q

Antiarrhythmic class IV medications

A

blocks calcium channels—> slows HR and lowers BP

35
Q

Hydantoin anticonvulsants

A

decreases cellular sodium in the CNS–> relaxes the brain and reduces the possibility of seizures

36
Q

Catecholamines

A

mimics fight or flight response–> increases HR, BP, bronchodilation

37
Q

Anticholinergic bronchodilators

A

blocks acetylcholine at bronchial smooth muscle receptor sites –> opens airways

38
Q

Diuretic medications

A

prevents renal absorbtion of water–> reduces pulmonary/peripheral edema and SVR

39
Q

Theophylline derivitives

A

blocks phosphodiesterase –> sympathetic response –> raises HR and bronchodilates

40
Q

Opioid antagonist

A

blocks the opioid receptor–> corrects AMS from opioid OD