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FP-C study > FP-C #5 > Flashcards

FP-C #5 Flashcards

1
Q

What range of gravitational force will cause unconsciousness?

A

6 to 8g

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2
Q

Define: physiologic altitude

A

The altitude perceived by the body

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3
Q

The stage of hypoxia experienced at 15 to 20,000 feet

A

Disturbance stage

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4
Q

FAR Part 135.89

A

Governs the use of supplemental oxygen by pilots and provides rules for pressurized and non-pressurized aircraft

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5
Q

List the two types of altitude

A

Physical altitude, physiologic altitude

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6
Q

The greenhouse effect can raise temperatures in the cabin of a helicopter by this much

A

50°F- 59°F

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7
Q

Describe: type II spatial disorientation

A

Occurs when a pilot does not sense spatial disorientation, but does sense a problem

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8
Q

Oxygen saturation range: critical stage of hypoxia

A

Less than 65%

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9
Q

Vibrations could cause significant affect the body between this range

A

1- 12 Hz

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10
Q

When flying at night, these colors of light are approved inside the cockpit

A

Red light and green lights

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11
Q

Define: physical altitude

A

Feet above the ground

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12
Q

Pressure changes and a cold can lead to these symptoms

A

Severe headaches, vertigo, nausea

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13
Q

The rate of improvement following oxygen support in altitude - induced hypoxia

A

Within minutes 100% oxygen

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14
Q

Describe: type I spatial disorientation

A

This occurs when the pilot does not notice that spatial disorientation exists and doesn’t sense a problem

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15
Q

The amount of time that judgment and coordination deteriorate to the point of inadequate or inappropriate function in the critical stage of hypoxia

A

3 to 5 minutes

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16
Q

The relationship between loudness and duration

A

Inversely - The louder the sound, the less time before damage occurs

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17
Q

Exposure to fuel vapors can result in these symptoms

A

Headaches, nausea

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18
Q

The four primary forces that act on an aircraft in flight

A

Lift, thrust, weight (gravity), drag

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19
Q

Effects of flicker vertigo

A

Nausea, vomiting, seizure, fainting

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20
Q

Criteria for non-pressurized aircraft to use oxygen continuously

A

If longer than 30 minutes at 10 to 12,000

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21
Q

General alcohol policy with respect to your shift

A

12 hours bottle to throttle

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22
Q

Low-frequency vibration can cause the following:

A

Body discomfort, chest pain, decreased vision, fatigue

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23
Q

Function of differential control method

A

Military applications mostly, lightweight

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24
Q

Over the counter medications and the FAA

A

The FAA has an approved list of prescription and over-the-counter medications that flight crew members are allowed to use

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25
Q

The cognitive manifestations during the disturbance stage hypoxia

A

Crew members not realizing they are affected

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26
Q

This is the most physiologic problem encountered in the flight environment for flight crew

A

Fatigue

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27
Q

What effect does a negative gravitational force cause?

A

Pushes blood toward the brain

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28
Q

The senses affected at the disturbance stage of hypoxia

A

Vision, hearing, sense of touch

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29
Q

Humidity’s relationship to temperature

A

Proportional humidity increases in temperature when temperature increases

30
Q

The effects of rapid cabin depressurization

A

Hypoxia, decompression sickness, gastrointestinal expansion, hypothermia, dense fog within cabin

31
Q

These are the three key components to maintain spatial orientation

A

Effective perception, integration, interpretation of visual/vestibular, proprioceptive sensory information

32
Q

Describe: type III spatial disorientation

A

Occurs when a pilot is affected by illusion of intense movement and is unable to reorient

33
Q

How many types of spatial disorientation are there?

A

3

34
Q

At 15,000 feet, what is barometric pressure?

A

429

35
Q

The keys to recognition and treatment of altitude hypoxia

A

Avoid hypoxia is key to safety

36
Q

This is how you minimize the effects of vibration

A

Don’t lean against the airframe, padded seats, use of shoulder and lap belts appropriately

37
Q

Define: spatial disorientation

A

Condition in which a person has an incorrect understanding of the body’s position with respect to the earth

38
Q

Causes: fatigue

A

Lack of sleep, jetlagged, constant vibration, 24-hour operations

39
Q

Define: Dysbarism

A

A syndrome resulting from the difference between barometric pressure and pressure of gases inside the body

40
Q

Temperature declines with altitude by this rate

A

3°F- 5°F/ 1000 feet

41
Q

Functional goals of isobaric control systems

A

Maintain cabin pressure 5-8000 feet, to avoid requiring oxygen for passengers

42
Q

Psychomotor manifestations during the disturbance stage of hypoxia

A

Decreased muscular coordination: difficult speech, illegible handwriting, worsening dexterity

43
Q

These are the hallmark signs of impairment in the disturbance stage of hypoxia

A

Stammering and illegible handwriting

44
Q

The altitude where one would experience the critical stage of hypoxia while on 100% oxygen

A

44,800 feet and above

45
Q

The effects of slow cabin pressurization

A

Hypoxia over time - leads to undetectable

46
Q

All pilots must wear oxygen above this level

A

35,000 feet

47
Q

The number of annual rapid decompressions

A

40 to 50 - most occur above 30,000

48
Q

Crewmembers should avoid using this color light when flying at night to prevent pilot’s vision loss

A

White light

49
Q

Mnemonic for a person’s tolerance to stressors of flight

A

IM SAFE

50
Q

The effects of long exposure to noise

A

Damage, or completely destroy, soft tissue of the inner ear

51
Q

Define: third spacing

A

The loss of fluids from the intravascular space into the tissue

52
Q

A dangerous respiratory concern with altitude hypoxia

A

Hyperventilation

53
Q

Alcohol consumption and altitude

A

1 ounce equals 2000 feet physiologic altitude - two beers equal 4-8000 feet physiologic altitude

54
Q

Pathophys: hyperventilation syndrome

A

bicarb and CO2 decrease in blood–> vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries–> hypoxia–> unconsciousness–> cellular acidosis–> death

55
Q

This is the most effective method of protecting people from the physiologic effects of reduced barometric pressure

A

Cabin pressurization

56
Q

The greatest pressure change takes place between these altitudes

A

Sea level and 5000 feet

57
Q

Define: bariotitis media

A

Condition resulting from the failure of the middle ear space to equalize pressures when going from low to high atmospheric pressure

58
Q

___ opposes gravity, ___ opposes drag

A

Lift, thrust

59
Q

Disadvantages of differential control method

A

Supplemental oxygen and pressure suits required at high altitudes

60
Q

Two types of pressurizing systems in aviation

A

Isobaric control system, differential control method

61
Q

Flicker vertigo can be caused by flickering at this range

A

4 to 20 cycles/second

62
Q

Two major consequences to fatigue

A

Delayed reaction time, increased vulnerability for error

63
Q

Alcohol and histotoxic hypoxia

A

Alcohol can inhibit the available oxygen for hemoglobin and delay metabolism at the cellular level

64
Q

Explain the Mnemonic “IM SAFE”

A

Illness, medication, stress, alcohol, fatigue, emotion

65
Q

Disadvantages of an isobaric control system

A

Requires heavy fuselage and airframe, adds weight to the aircraft, has explosive rate of decompression that can occur

66
Q

What effect does positive gravitational force cause?

A

Pushes blood away from brain

67
Q

Serious consequences of hyperventilating at altitude

A

Rapid decrease of sodium bicarbonate in the blood causing elevation in blood pH (respiratory alkalosis)

68
Q

Define: flicker vertigo

A

An imbalance in brain cell activity caused by exposure to low-frequency flickering or flashing of a bright light

69
Q

The stage of hypoxia experienced at 20,000 feet or above

A

Critical stage

70
Q

The stressors of flight

A

Low oxygen, barometric pressure changes, verbal changes, vibration, decreased humidity, noise, fatigue, gravitational forces, spatial disorientation, third spacing, flicker vertigo, fuel vapors, weather, anxiety, night flights

FP-C study (9 decks)

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