Foundations Of Health Promotion

Question 1

CDC, 2000

Public Opinion about Public Health

Answer 1

PH is misunderstood -> cannot define

Neg. public opinion of PH

 - Should be doing more to protect PH
 - ^ $ to PH over other key areas (infrastructure, etc.)

85% = env. impacts health

Imp: Public likes PH when understand. Imp. media message.
-Env. is BIG PH issue to people. Leverage to build support + inform public.

Question 2

Fries, 1989

Health promotion and the compression of morbidity

Answer 2

Goal of HeD: ^ QOL, compress morbidity, ^ active life exp.

Current mortality rates = resistant to change & excellent opp. For compression of morbidity.

Prevention reduces morbidity & increases QOL by pop intervention.

Prev reduces medical costs b/c decrease use (7-37%)

Most HC$ spent in last 1/4 of life.

Question 2

CDC, 2011

Ten Great PH Achievements in US 2001-2010

Answer 2

• Vaccine-Preventable Disease
• Prevention + Control of Infectious Diseases
• Tobacco Control
• Maternal + Infant Health
• Mother Vehicle Safety
• Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
• Occupational Safety
• Cancer Prevention
• Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention
• Public Health Preparedness and Response

Question 3

CDC, 1999

Ten Great PH Achievements in US 1900-1999

Answer 3

HeD = ^ QoL, compress morbidity, ^ active life exp.
Life span ^ 30 years in 20th centure. 25 = PH.

• Vaccination
• Motor-Vehicle Safety
• Safer workplaces
• Control of infectious diseases
• Decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke
• Safer + healthier foods
• Healthier mothers and babies
• Family planning
• Fluoridation of drinking water
• Recognition of tobacco as health hazard

Question 5

McGinnis, 1985

The Limits of Prevention

Answer 5

Prevention: ^ life expectancy but has limits

Biological: Most fundamental, Life exp vs life span, fixed
Opp: Work to be done in CoM

Technological: Contemporary = malaria + AIDS, Morbidity -> how to prevent = arthritis + alzheimer’s, violence prevention
Opp: Changing everyday. Technological limits.

Ethical: Prevention = Restrictive, Role of government, Policy making = delicate, Pride/wallet, Ind. vs society benefit, equity
Opp: Inaction not ok, Less effective intervention due to conflict of interest

Economic: 4% economy -> Prevention
Opp: Health returns NOT bank acct. Focus on ^ in health.

Question 5

O’Donnell, 2012

Compression of Morbidity: A personal, research, and national fiscal solvency perspective

Answer 5

Compression of Morbidity

 - ^ health by lifestyle improvement =
      - Delay onset of disability
      - _ # of years of disability
      - ^ QoL 
      - ^ years of productive life
      - _ Medical costs 

U.S. facing huge ^ in medicare/aid + SS (100% by 2050)

 - 1/3 = medicare/aid + SS
 - less people working + paying taxes
 - Poverty rates increasing
 - Can't ^ retirement age due to lack of health of     population. Would be a way to get more $ for SS/medicare/aid
 - Most medicaid costs occur in last 1/4 of life

Question 6

Raphael, 1998

Emerging Concepts of Health and Health Promotion

Answer 6

Economy = huge role in inequality of health

• Impact of class (violence, academic achievement, MM, + accidents
• Wealth spread equally = best health

Health of society is achieved by

 - Public Policy     -Community action      
 - Reorienting health services 
 - Supportive environment     -^ Personal skills 

Uses Ottawa Charter (prereqs for health) as support

Question 7

WHO, 1986

Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion

Answer 7

Prerequisites for Health

Peace
Food
Shelter
Income
Stable eco-system
Sustainable resources
Social Justice + Equity

Question 8

Seffrin, 1998

Answer 8

Prevention IS the magic cure.

Key to _ MM. Prev. research develops most effective interventions.

Must change outcomes.