Foundations Flashcards
Foundations early 1900s
Corbelled/stepped brickwork footing supported by concrete strip
Typical foundations around the end of the 1800s
1) No foundations
2) Concrete strip foundation
3) Bricked footing with step to base
4) Bricked footing on concrete foundation
5) Stone on rubble/flagstone foundation
6) Brick rubble/flagstone foundation
Dead loads
Bricks, blocks, cement, timber and tiles
Imposed live loads
Occupants, snow, fittings, wind etc
Bearing capacity
The load which the subsoil can carry
Bearing pressure
The pressure on the subsoil caused by the building load
Compaction
The act of increasing the density and strength of a material by the application of impact forces e.g. heavy roller
Consolidation
The act of increasing the density and strength of the subsoil by the expulsion of water and air and self weight and constant external loading
Dead load
Load exerted on the subsoil by the structure of a building plus it’s permanent fixtures and fittings
Heave
Expansion of the soil due to climatic and other factors e.g. frost or removal of trees
Imposed live load
The load exerted on the subsoil by the content of the building e.g. people and Furniture and external loads e.g. snow on the roof
Settlement
Downward movement of the ground or any structure on it, due to soil consolidation as a result of the load applied by the structure of the building
Soil creep
 The slow movement of rock and soil down a slope under the influence of gravity, often triggered by the presence of a high water content
Subsidence
Downward movement of the ground, or any building on it, due to changes within the subsoil
Strip foundations
Wide strip foundations
Stepped strip foundation
Construction of a traditional strip foundation
Traditional strip foundations
Trench fill foundations
Raft foundation is
Pile foundations
Subsoils and suitability for house foundation
