Fou 4 - Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton

Question 1

What is the function of the Microfilaments?

Answer 1

Muscle contraction and cellular motility. Example: Actin.

Question 2

What is the function of the intermediate filaments?

Answer 2

Maintain cell structure.

Question 3

What is the function of the Microtubules?

Answer 3

Movement and cell division.

Question 4

Which are the immnunohistochemical stains of the intermediate filaments?

Answer 4

Vimentin, Desmin, Cytokeratin, glial fibrillary acid proteins (GFAP), Neurofilaments and Nuclear lamins.

Question 5

Where can find vimentin?

Answer 5

Connective tissue (fibroblasts, leukocytes, endothelium).

Question 6

Where can find Desmin?

Answer 6

Muscle cells (smooth, skeletal, heart).

Question 7

Where can find Cytokeratin ?

Answer 7

Epithelial cells (keratin in desmosomes and hemidesmosomes.

Question 8

Where can find GFAP?

Answer 8

Astrocytes, Schwann cells, other neuroglia.

Question 9

Where can find peripherin ?

Answer 9

Neurons.

Question 10

Where can find Neurofilaments ?

Answer 10

L, M, H molecular weight, Axons within neuron.

Question 11

Where can find nuclear lamins?

Answer 11

There are A, B and C in the nuclear envelope and DNA within.

Question 12

Which are the nuclear lamin mutations?

Answer 12

Progeria and muscular dystrophy.

Question 13

Which cancers are involved to Vimentin?

Answer 13

Sarcomas and some carcinomas.

Question 14

Which cancer is involved to Desmin?

Answer 14

Myosarcomas; Rabdomyosarcoma and Leiomyosarcoma.

Question 15

Which cancer is involved to Cytokeratin ?

Answer 15

Carcinomas (skin carcinomas).

Question 16

Which two cancers are involved to GFAP?

Answer 16

Astrocytoma, Glioblastoma.

Question 17

Which two cancers are involved to Neurofilaments?

Answer 17

Neuroblastoma and primitive neuroectodemal tumor.

Question 18

Which are the structures that composed the Microtubules?

Answer 18

Heterodimers alpha and Beta-Tubulin.

Question 19

Microtubules are incorporated into what three structures?

Answer 19

Flagella, Cilia and Mitotic spindles.

Question 20

What drugs act on Microtubules?

Answer 20

[Microtubules Get Constructed Very Poorly] Mebendazol, Griseofulvin, Colchicine Vincristine/Vinblastine and paclitaxel and docetaxel.

Question 21

What does the function of the Molecular motor protein do?

Answer 21

Transport cellular cargo toward opposite ends of Microtubule tracks.

Question 22

Which are the 2 molecular motor proteins?

Answer 22

Dynein and Kinesin proteins.

Question 23

Which is the molecular motor protein that go retrograde to Microtubule (+ > -)?

Answer 23

Dynein

Question 24

Which is the molecular motor protein that go anterograde to Microtubule (- > +)?

Answer 24

Kinesin.

Question 25

Which are the 3 types of filaments?

Answer 25

Microfilaments. Intermediate filaments. Microtubules.

Question 26

How is the arrangement of the cilia structure?

Answer 26

9 + 2, Axonemal Dynein.

Question 27

Which is the type of junction of the cilia structure?

Answer 27

Gap Junction.

Question 28

Where can we find Cilia?

Answer 28

Respiratory tract (trachea and bronchioles), paranasal sinuses and Fallopian tubes.

Question 29

What is Kartagener syndrome?

Answer 29

AKA First ciliary dyskinesia, it is a immotile cilia due to a Dynein arm defect.

Question 30

What are the clinical manifestation of the Kartagener Syndrome?

Answer 30

Infertility (immotile sperm and dysfunctional Fallopian tube cilia), high risk of ectopic pregnancy. Can cause bronchiectasis, recurrent sinusitis, and situs inversus.

Question 31

What inclusion is caused by Cytomegalovirus?

Answer 31

Owl’s eye inclusions

Question 32

What inclusion is caused by Rabies virus?

Answer 32

Negri bodies.

Question 33

What inclusion is caused by Herpes virus?

Answer 33

Cowdry bodies.

Question 34

What inclusion is found it in Alzheimer disease?

Answer 34

Neurofibrillary tangles.

Question 35

What are three lysosomal storage disorders?

Answer 35

Gaucherie disease, Niemann-pick disease and Tay-Sachs disease.

Question 36

What are the two mucopolysaccharidoses?

Answer 36

Hurler syndrome and Hunter syndrome.

Question 37

What inclusion is found it in Parkinson disease?

Answer 37

Lewy bodies

Question 38

What intermediate filaments are found in the following tissue types and cellular structures? 1-connective tissue, 2-Muscle tissue, 3-epithelial tissue and 4-Axons

Answer 38

1)Vimentin, 2)Desmin 3)Cytokeratin and 4)Neurofilaments.

Question 39

What are the defects seen in Kartagener syndrome?

Answer 39

Bronchiectasis, chronic sinusitis, situs inversus and infertility.