Fou 2 - Teratogenesis

Question 1

At what week do we see fetal movement?

Answer 1

Week 8.

Question 2

At what week do we see 4 chambered heart and 4 limb buds?

Answer 2

Week 4

Question 3

What appears in week 10?

Answer 3

Genitalia.

Question 4

Which is the teratogenic effect of the tetracyclines?

Answer 4

Discolored teeth (children).

Question 5

Which is the teratogenic effect of the ACE inhibitors?

Answer 5

Renal malformations.

Question 6

Which is the teratogenic effect of the Aminoglycosides?

Answer 6

Ototoxicity.

Question 7

Which is the teratogenic effect of the Fluoroquinolones?

Answer 7

Cartilage damage.

Question 8

Which is the teratogenic effect of the cyclophosphamide?

Answer 8

Ear/facial anomalies, limb hypoplasia, Absence of digits.

Question 9

Which is the teratogenic effect of the methotrexate?

Answer 9

Neural tube defects, abortion.

Question 10

Which is the teratogenic effect of the carbamazepine?

Answer 10

Neural tube defects.

Question 11

Which is the teratogenic effect of the Valproic acid?

Answer 11

Neural tube defects.

Question 12

Which is the teratogenic effect of the Phenytoin?

Answer 12

Fetal hydantoin syndrome.

Question 13

Which is the teratogenic effect of the Lithium?

Answer 13

Cardinal malformation as well is Ebstein anomaly

Question 14

Which is the teratogenic effect of the Statins?

Answer 14

CNS and limb abnormalities.

Question 15

Which is the teratogenic effect of the Warfarin?

Answer 15

Facial/limb/CNS anomalies, spontaneous abortion.

Question 16

Which is the teratogenic effect of the isotretion?

Answer 16

Spontaneous abortions

Question 17

Which is the teratogenic effect of the Diethylstilbeterol (DES)?

Answer 17

Clear cell vaginal adenocarcinoma.

Question 18

Which is the teratogenic effect of the Thalidomide ?

Answer 18

Phocomelia. Hypoplasia of the arms and legs.

Question 19

Which are the another kind of teratogenic substance?

Answer 19

Ionizing radiation. Excessive Vitamin A. Maternal diabetes. Iodine deficiency. Cocaine, tobacco. Alcohol.

Question 20

What is the disease that is caused by drinking alcohol during pregnancy ?

Answer 20

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Question 21

The fetal alcohol syndrome is characterized by…?

Answer 21

Thin upper lip. Small palpebral tissues. Disability.

Question 22

Which are the functions of the Homeobox (HOX) genes ?

Answer 22

Blueprint for skeletal morphology and code for transcription regulators.

Question 23

Which is the result from the HOXD-13 mutations?

Answer 23

Synpolydactyly (extra fused digit between 3rd and 4th fingers).

Question 24

Which is the vitamin that can alters HOX gene expression?

Answer 24

Retinoic Acid (Vit. A). Also can results in cleft palate and cardiac abnormalities).

Question 25

Which antibiotics are potentially teratogenic?

Answer 25

Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides and Fluoroquinolones

Question 26

Which drugs have such high potential for teratogenicity that they are classified as pregnancy category X?

Answer 26

Methotrexate. Thalidomide. Warfarin. Isotretion. Diethylstilbeterol (DES).

Question 27

At what developmental age do each of the following events typically take place? 1)4-Chamber heart begins to develop. 2)Genitalia begin to take on visible sex-specific characteristics. 3)Fetal movement begins. 4) Limb buds begin to form.

Answer 27

1) Week 4. 2) Week 10. 3) Week 8. 4) Week 4

Question 28

RFF: Most common cause of neural tube defects.

Answer 28

Folate deficiency.

Question 29

RFF: Most common cause of congenital malformation in the U.S.

Answer 29

Alcohol use in pregnancy.

Question 30

RFF: Most common cause of congenital intellectual disability in the U.S.

Answer 30

Fetal alcohol syndrome.

Question 31

Which are the weeks more susceptible to teratogenesis?

Answer 31

3-8 weeks where Organogenesis happens.