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Praxis > Formation of U.S.government > Flashcards

Formation of U.S.government Flashcards

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1
Q

When were the Articles of Confederation ratified?

A

1781

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2
Q

What was the purpose of the Articles of Confederation?

A

Establish national government

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3
Q

Who drafted the Articles of Confederation?

A

Second Continental Congress

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4
Q

How many states ratified the Articles of Confederation?

A

All 13 states

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5
Q

What type of government did the Articles create?

A

Weak central government

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6
Q

What was the structure of the national government under the Articles?

A

Single-house legislature

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7
Q

How many votes did each state have in Congress?

A

One vote

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8
Q

Did the Articles establish a strong central government?

A

No

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9
Q

What was lacking in the government structure?

A

No executive or judiciary

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10
Q

What powers were granted to Congress?

A

Foreign affairs, war, treaties

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11
Q

What could Congress manage?

A

Relations with Native Americans

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12
Q

What financial power did Congress lack?

A

No power to tax

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13
Q

What were some financial difficulties faced by the government?

A

Had to request funds

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14
Q

What was a significant issue with authority under the Articles?

A

No regulation of commerce

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15
Q

What was required for amendments to the Articles?

A

Unanimous consent

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16
Q

What power did Congress lack under the Articles?

A

Enforcement powers

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17
Q

What event highlighted the weaknesses of the Articles?

A

Shays’ Rebellion

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18
Q

What prompted Shays’ Rebellion?

A

Economic hardships

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19
Q

When was the Constitutional Convention held?

A

1787

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20
Q

Where was the Constitutional Convention held?

A

Philadelphia

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21
Q

What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?

A

Revise Articles of Confederation

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22
Q

How many states participated in the Constitutional Convention?

A

12 states

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23
Q

Which state did not participate in the Convention?

A

Rhode Island

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24
Q

Who presided over the Constitutional Convention?

A

George Washington

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25
Q

What nickname is James Madison known by?

A

Father of the Constitution

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26
Q

What did James Madison contribute to the Convention?

A

Drafting and promoting Constitution

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27
Q

Who advocated for a strong central government?

A

Alexander Hamilton

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28
Q

Who provided wisdom and support for compromise?

A

Benjamin Franklin

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29
Q

What did the Great Compromise resolve?

A

Representation in Congress

30
Q

What type of legislature was created by the Great Compromise?

A

Bicameral legislature

31
Q

How is representation in the House of Representatives determined?

A

Based on population

32
Q

How is representation in the Senate determined?

A

Equal for each state

33
Q

What did the Three-Fifths Compromise address?

A

Counting enslaved individuals

34
Q

What fraction of the enslaved population was counted for representation?

A

Three-fifths

35
Q

What did the Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise allow?

A

Congress to regulate trade

36
Q

How long was the slave trade prohibited from being banned?

A

20 years

37
Q

What interests did the Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise balance?

A

Northern and Southern

38
Q

What system was established by the Electoral College?

A

Electing the President

39
Q

What concerns did the Electoral College balance?

A

Popular vote vs congressional selection

40
Q

What are the three branches of government?

A

Executive, Legislative, Judicial

41
Q

What is the purpose of checks and balances?

A

Limit each branch’s power

42
Q

What is federalism?

A

Division of powers

43
Q

Which powers are delegated to the federal government?

A

National powers

44
Q

What is shared between the national government and states?

A

Shared powers

45
Q

How many states were required for ratification of the Constitution?

A

Nine

46
Q

Who were the two main groups in the ratification debates?

A

Federalists and Anti-Federalists

47
Q

What did Federalists support?

A

New Constitution and stronger government

48
Q

Why did Federalists believe a strong central government was necessary?

A

Maintain order, defense, regulate trade

49
Q

Who was a key author of the Federalist Papers?

A

Alexander Hamilton

50
Q

Who supported the Constitution and played a major role in drafting it?

A

James Madison

51
Q

Who co-authored the Federalist Papers?

A

John Jay

52
Q

How many essays are in the Federalist Papers?

A

85 essays

53
Q

What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers?

A

Ratify the Constitution

54
Q

What concerns did the Federalist Papers address?

A

Lack of Bill of Rights

55
Q

What did Anti-Federalists oppose?

A

New Constitution

56
Q

Why did Anti-Federalists fear the new Constitution?

A

Too much power to national government

57
Q

What did Anti-Federalists worry about?

A

Absence of individual rights protections

58
Q

Who was a vocal critic of the Constitution?

A

Patrick Henry

59
Q

What did George Mason require to sign the Constitution?

A

Bill of Rights

60
Q

Who was concerned about centralized power?

A

Samuel Adams

61
Q

What did Anti-Federalist writings argue against?

A

The Constitution

62
Q

What was the primary Anti-Federalist concern?

A

Absence of Bill of Rights

63
Q

What was promised for ratification in several states?

A

Bill of Rights

64
Q

When was the Constitution ratified?

A

1788

65
Q

Which state was the first to ratify the Constitution?

A

Delaware

66
Q

What were the first ten amendments to the Constitution called?

A

Bill of Rights

67
Q

When were the Bill of Rights ratified?

A

1791

68
Q

Which key states ratified the Constitution after assurances for a Bill of Rights?

A

Virginia and New York

69
Q

What concerns did the Bill of Rights address?

A

Anti-Federalist concerns

70
Q

What individual freedoms were protected by the Bill of Rights?

A

Speech, press, assembly, religion

Praxis (6 decks)

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