Formation and differentiation: Mesoderm Flashcards
1
Q
dorsal/ventral divisions
A
- forming during gastrulation as medial-lateral divisions
- as embryo folds, medial lateral becomes dorsal ventral
- see figure
2
Q
Axial
A
- prechordal plate
- chordamesoderm
3
Q
prechordal plate
A
- thickening in endodermal layer formed by mesendodermal cells
- gives rise to oropharyngeal membrane
- some prechordal cells undergo EMT to form head mesenchyme cells
4
Q
4 trunk subdivisions of mesoderm
A
- BMP gradient causes differentiation of the mesoderms
5
Q
intermediate mesoderm structure
A
- kidney
- gonad
6
Q
chrodamesoderm structure
A
- notochord
7
Q
paraxial mesoderm structure
A
- head, somite
- somite form sclerotome, myotome, dermatome
8
Q
lateral plate mesoderm
A
- splanchnic
- somatic
- extra embryonic
9
Q
axial skeleton term
A
- sclerotome
10
Q
dermis of the back
A
dermatome
11
Q
back muscles
A
epaxial myotome
12
Q
limb muscles
A
hypaxial myotome
13
Q
lateral plate mesoderm characteristics
A
- splits into somatic and splanchnic mesoderm layers
- lateral folding, body cavities are formed
- somatic and splanchnic mesoderm form body walls
14
Q
somatic mesoderm
A
- dorsal, parietal
- lateral and ventral body walls
- limb skeleton and blood vessels
- somatopleure (somatic mesoderm + ectoderm)
15
Q
splanchnic mesoderm
A
- ventral and visceral
- mesentery and wall of digestive tract
- smooth muscle of gut and respiratory tract
- heart
- circulatory systems
- splanchnopleure ( splanchnic meso + endo)
16
Q
vasculogenesis
A
- creation of blood vessels from mesoderm
17
Q
angiogenesis
A
- new blood vessels sprout or emerge from existing blood vessels
18
Q
endoderm forms:
A
- epithelial lining of two tubes:
digestive
respiratory - glands
thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pancreas, liver
19
Q
early patterning of the gut
A
- signaling molecules form ithmus
- Hox expressed in developing digestive tract
