Forensic Quiz 6

Question 1

Fire

Answer 1

the evolution of energy in the form of light, heat and smoke as a result of combustion

Question 2

combustion

Answer 2

a type of chemical reaction where by a fuel reacts with oxygen to release energy(exothermic reaction-releases heat)

Question 3

Compounds Needed for Fire

Answer 3

1.Oxygen
2.Fuel Source
3.Heat Source(activation energy)

Question 4

Examples of Extinguishing Fire

Answer 4

1.Water-removes/takes out heat source
2.Fire blanket-remove oxygen
3.Foam Extinguishers-suffocates,removes oxygen
4.Co2 extinguishers-removes oxygen

Question 5

Incendiary Fire

Answer 5

a fire that is willfully and intentionally set (crime=arson)

Question 6

To see how fire started

Answer 6

Looking for ignitable liquid(accelerant)=the fuel that is used to start a fire that otherwise could not be easily started

Question 7

Fire started

Answer 7

1.Liquid that requires low activation energy so it can be readily combusted
2.generally would draw attention to the purchase ex.gasoline-most common,charcoal lighter fluid, paint thinner,alcohol

Question 8

Investigation of a Fire (A)

Answer 8

A.Causes
1.Natural
2.Accidental
3.Deliberate
4.Undetermined

Question 9

Investigation of Fire (B)

Answer 9

B.Ways for fire to be arson
1.presence of molotov cocktail
2.Fire Trail
3.Prescence of multiple points of origin(where fire started)

Question 10

Investigation of Fire (C)

Answer 10

C.Motives for committing Crime
1.revenge
2.fraud-insurance money
3.Conceal a crime
4.Pyromania(affinity towards fire)

Question 11

Burn Patterns

Answer 11

-visual/measurable physical effects that remain after fire
-tells where fire originates
-fingerprints of fire scene
-come in all different shapes/sizes
-72 different types of burns patterns
-Test to see residue ignitable liquid-intentional/arson (gaschromotography)

Question 12

Explosions

Answer 12

A.Types
1.deflagration
2.detonation

Question 13

deflagration

Answer 13

1.low explosives that produces escaping gases of velocities less that the speed of sound (343mls)

Question 14

detonation

Answer 14

high explosives that produce escaping gases of velocities greater than the speed of sand

Question 15

bomb seat

Answer 15

point of origin or location of bomb
-find remnant/pieces of bomb

Question 16

Griess Test

Answer 16

Test for explosive residues(postive/+ means presence of nitrates/nitrites(N-O Bonds)

Question 17

Questioned Document

Answer 17

any written or printed communication between individuals whose source or authencitis is in doubt
-does not have to be written paper/pen

Question 18

Best Evidence Rule

Answer 18

original document

Question 19

Questioned Document Examiner

Answer 19

compares unknown hadwriting typewriting and other documentary evidence with known standards to establish origin and authenticity of unknown materials

Question 20

Graphologist

Answer 20

someone claims to discern personality characteristics based on someones handwriting

Question 21

Handwriting goes through natural changes due to..

Answer 21

1.age-maturity
-illness/discease-arthiritues/parkinson
-drugs/alcohol
-trauma/injury to hand
2.Depends on circumstances-mental state
3.Paper/stationary-notebooks vs a napkin
4.Writing instrument

Question 22

Becomes internalized when..

Answer 22

looking at substance of writing not look of it

Question 23

Handwriting Comparison

Answer 23

1.Presence of sufficient unique characteristics in the writing specimen(writing exemplar/sample- can be requested or non requested)

Question 24

Characteristics Used for Handwriting Comparision

Answer 24

1.no two people have identical handwriting
2.natural variation ina persons writing(mental/physcial state)
3.no single writing characteristic that is so unique by itself that will individualize that handwriting
4.no set number of characteristics that must be present for examiner to identify the author of questioned document

Question 25

Forgery

Answer 25

1.Trace
2.Practice
3.Scribble

Question 26

Types of Alteration

Answer 26

1.Erasure-chemical(bleaching agent) or mechanical
-analyze paper with UV light
2.Obliteration(destroy)-ex a will
3.Addition(add something to original document/change context)