Forensic Quiz 1

Question 1

Forensic Science

Answer 1

the application of science to matters involving the law
Biology,Anatomy Etymology,,Chemistry,anthropology,behavioral sciences,criminology,physics,mathematics(forensic accounting,geometry,trigonometry,statistics),engineering,dentition,IT
psychology-Phd
psychiatry-M.D(prescribe medication

Question 2

Crime Scene Investigator characteristics

Answer 2

Usually a police officer
Learn from Forensic Scientist on how to recognize evidence at a crime and to how to collect it as wells as preserve it/protect it from contamination plus document it
Maintain a chain of custody of evidence

Question 3

Forensic Scientist

Answer 3

Usually a civilian
Provide training to the Crime Scene Investigator
½ the job in the lab
½ job in court(testifying evidence)

Question 4

Chain of Custody

Answer 4

when a piece of evidence is recovered that evidence is labeled or tagged then it enters the systems and who has access is recorded, this protects the integrity of the evidence in court

Question 5

Basic Services of a Crime Lab

Answer 5

Physical Science Unit-chemistry, physics,geology
Biological Science nit-anatomy,blood,DNA,bodily fluids
Firearms Unit-weapons bullets
Document Examination Unit
Photography Unit

Question 6

Scientific Method

Answer 6

essense of forensic evidence that undegoes scientific inquiry

Question 7

Scientific Inquiry

Answer 7

science derives the integrity of adherence to strict guidelines that ensure that the careful systematic collection, organization and anylsis of information

Question 8

Who has done it (crime/forensic science) Steps

Answer 8

1.Begins by formulating a question worth of investigation ex.who killed the wife.
2.Formulate a hypothesis-a reasonable explanation proposed to answer the question
3.collect evidence
4.Analyze evidence
5.Arrest the perpatrator,trail by jury,guilty verdict leads to jail

Question 9

Medical/Study Research Steps

Answer 9

1.Begins by formulating a question worthy of investigation ex.does smoking cause cancer
2.Formulate a hypothesis
3.Collect data/observations
4.Analyze data/observation
5.Answer to question/submit finding for publication

Question 10

Scientific Method Steps

Answer 10

1.objective/purpose of study
2.hypothesis
3.Methodology
4.Results

Question 11

Gross Errors

Answer 11

human blunders \,resulting from performing a task not being very attentive to task at hand

Question 12

Systematic Errors

Answer 12

consistly repeated when particular equipment is used

Question 13

Random Errors

Answer 13

a natural part of measurement and can occur due to uncontrollable reasons. They can be caused by faulty equipment, fluctuations in the environment, or the operator’s interpretations.

Question 14

Archelogical Site/Dig + Crime Scene Investigation(areas of simalarity)

Answer 14

1.Timing-time may be of the essence
2.Plan of attack for systematically searching the site to ensure nothing is left behind
3.Safety Issues-safety of scene searchers
4.Appropriate personnel-qualified, trained personnel to conduct search
5.Controlling the Scene-minimize contamination and lots of evidence
6.Documentation-record of scenes condition and evidence(chain of custody)

Question 15

First Officers to Respond or at Crime Scene Steps

Answer 15

1.Ascertain whether perpatrator is still present
2.Tend to the injured
3.Call/notify the team and other personnel
4.Secure the Scene

Question 16

Protocol At Crime Scene:Step 1:Preliminary scene examination by CSI

Answer 16

1.Further secure the scene
2.Look for a modus operandi

Question 17

Modus Operandi

Answer 17

Pattern/method of operation that the criminally uses to commit crimes

Question 18

Protocol At Crime Scene:Step 2:Systematic Search of Crime Scene

Answer 18

1. Spiral Search
   2.Line Search
   3.Grid Search
   4.Zone Search

Question 19

Protocol At Crime Scene:Step 3:Record the Scene

Answer 19

1.Sketch-free hand sketch of the crime scene and notes
2.Later use computer programs

Question 20

Protocol At Crime Scene:Step 4:Collection of Evidence

Answer 20

1.Contact of crime
2.Type of crime
3.Type of Crime scene(important in providing clues to what evidence should be present or collected

Question 21

Protocol At Crime Scene:Step 5:Reconstruction of Crime

Answer 21

the process of determining the sequence of events that happened during and after a crime

Question 22

Steps of Protocol at Crime Scene

Answer 22

1.Preliminary Scene Examination by CSI
2.Systematic Search of Crime Scene
3.Record the Scene
4.Collection of Evidence
5.Reconstruction of Crime

Question 23

Microscope

Answer 23

An optical instrument that use a lens or a combination of lens to magnify and resolve details of an objects

Question 24

Reason for Microscope Popularity

Answer 24

1.Sample Preperation is minimal
2.microscope can be used for identification
3.microscopy is non destructive to the specimen-minimum
4.Microscope is versatile

Question 25

Microscope Versatility

Answer 25

-magnification power
-compare two specimens(side by side)
-add high resolution cameras for photographs
-Link microscope to another anylytical instrument

Question 26

Comparison Microscope

Answer 26

compares 2 samples side by side

Question 27

Compound Microscope

Answer 27

Max magniification power 450X of object,virtual image is inverted

Question 28

Polarizing Microscope

Answer 28

polarize light:minerals metals/crystals

Question 29

Stereomicroscope

Answer 29

image is upright,not inverted,scpace between stage and objective is greater

Question 30

Microspectrophotometer

Answer 30

measures the intensity of wave lengths plots infrared absorption spectrum

Question 31

Scanning electron microscope

Answer 31

a beam of electrons and measure electron emissions, high magnification(10x-100,00x),high resolution and depth focus

Question 32

Evidence

Answer 32

anything that tends to prove or dispose something at issue

Question 33

MUST HAVES for Evidence

Answer 33

-must be relevant, must be material that pertains to particular crime being investigated and not some previous incident
-must be probative(actually prove something-purpose

Question 34

Classification of Evidence-Physcial Evidence

Answer 34

objects/things “touch free”

Question 35

Classification of Evidence-Non Physical

Answer 35

feelings,emotions,what someone said,verbal testimony about a crime or someone action during a crime(1st hand memory of a witness-statements of arresting officer,statement made by the accused

Question 36

Classification of evidence-Known Evidence

Answer 36

object whose source of ownership is known at time collected

Question 37

Classification of evidence-Unknown Evidence

Answer 37

Evidence discovered elsewhere that has an unknown origin

Question 38

Classification of evidence-Class Evidence

Answer 38

arise from several sources features shared by mutiple members of a certain group

Question 39

Classification of evidence-Individual Evidence

Answer 39

Arise from one source features are unique to origin

Question 40

Forensic Evidence Database Step 1

Answer 40

Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification(IAFIS)
- FBI maintains

Question 41

Forensic Evidence Database Step 2

Answer 41

Combined DNA index System(CoDIS) enables fed,state,local crime labs electronically exchange/compare DNA profile

Question 42

Forensic Evidence Database Step 3

Answer 42

National Integrate Bullistics + Information Network(NIBIN) which allows firearms analysis to aquire digitize and compared marking made by firearms
-maintained by the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco,Rirearms+Explosives(ATF)

Question 43

Forensic Evidence Database Step 4

Answer 43

International Forensic Automotive Paint Data Query (PDQ) which contains chemical and odor info pertaining to original car paints
-maintained and developed by the Forensic Labatory Services of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police