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Forensic Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Define forensic psychology

A

Forensic psychology is a specialised area of psychology that uses the psychological theory and skills to the understanding and functioning of the criminal justice system

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2
Q

Where do forensic psychologist work?

A
  • Police and mental health units
  • correction institutes
  • domestic violence programs
  • universities
  • research organisations -> Aic
  • magistrates and law courts
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3
Q

What are the 6 types of stalkers?

A
  • resentful stalker
  • erotomaniac stalker
  • rejected stalker
  • Intimacy seeker
  • Predatory stalker
  • Incompetent suitor
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4
Q

How do intimacy stalkers stalk their victims?

A

Through inappropriate ways to respond to their loneliness by trying to establish a close relationship with someone.

They see the punishment as “a price I must pay for true love”

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5
Q

How do rejected stalkers stalk their victim?

A

Using a variety of behaviour such as repeatedly approaching, telephoning and writing letters to their victim.

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6
Q

How do erotomaniac stalkers stalk their victims?

A

The person they stalk is usually a person of higher status.

The other person doesn’t usually communicate back but the stalker will put in efforts to contact them.

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7
Q

What is erotomania?

A

Erotomania is a type of delusion disorder, in which a person has a false belief that another person is in love with them.

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8
Q

How does a predatory stalker stalks its victims?

A

Through maintaining surveillance of them but rarely approaches them.

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9
Q

How does an incompetent stalker stalks its victims?

A

Bumping accidentally and frequently to them in different places

usually stalks a person after an social encounter

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10
Q

How does a resentful stalker stalks its victims?

A

They stalk to get even with their victim. They can become a target after a decision or action they have made and the stalker disagrees with.

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17
Q

What is criminal profiling?

A

Criminal profiling is a technique used to assist in the identification and apprehension of a likely criminal offender.

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18
Q

What does a criminal profile consist of?

A

A vague picture of the likely offender

  • psychological and physiological characteristics of that person from evidence
  • type of car etc….
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19
Q

What are the three different types of criminal profiling

A

Behavioural Evidence Analysis (BEA)
American (top down) approach
British (down up) approach

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20
Q

Explain the 5 steps of the BEA approach

A
  1. Analyse the equivocal forensic evidence
  2. Analyse the victim’a characteristics
  3. Analyse the crime scene characteristics
  4. Develop a criminal profile
  5. Apprehend the convicted criminal
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21
Q

Explain the British bottom up approach

A

Working with detailed information gathered form the crime scene and information about the crime. The picture of the criminal is then suggested.

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22
Q

Explain the American top down approach

A

Builds a classification system form information gathered from interviews from known criminals, together with the Behavioural analysis of the crime scene and information from victims and witnesses.

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24
Q

Which type of stalker has been rejected by their ex-lover and refuses to believe their relationship is over and so stalks their victim because of this?

A

Rejected Stalker

25
Q

What type of stalker stalks their victim wanting to become friends or lovers but lacks the skills?

A

Incompetent suitor

26
Q

What are the strengths of the British approach?

A

That it is based on identifying associations between existing evidence and the aim being to identity associations between offences and offender characteristics.

27
Q

What are the limitations of the British approach?

A

That if there is not enough evidence no conclusions can be drawn from it

28
Q

What are the strength of the American approach?

A

That subjective conclusions are drawn from both experience of crimes and interviews with criminals

29
Q

What is a limitation of the American approach?

A

That it is not appropriate to rely on information from criminals such as serial killers as they can be manipulative and could be seeking attention.

30
Q

What is a strength of the BEA approach?

A

That investigators can take the forensic evidence in May different interpretations

31
Q

What are the limitations of the BEA approach?

A

That the conviction of the criminal happens only in 50% of cases

32
Q

What are the two aspects of Signature aspects?

A

Corpus delicti

Modus operandi

33
Q

What is Corpus Delicti?

‘Body of the crime’

A

Facts, evidence that show a crime has taken place

Eg. Fingerprints, broken glass, blood, etc…

34
Q

What is Modus Operandi?

‘Method of operation used by criminal’

A

The actions and behaviours that were needed to commit the crime

35
Q

What is the difference between Modus Operandi and Corpus Delicti?

A

Modus Operandi is how the crime was committed and Corpus Delicti is the facts and evidence that the crime happened.

36
Q

Define Serial Killer

A

Someone who murdered on at least 3 occasions with an ‘emotional cooling off period’

37
Q

What are the 4 types of serial killers?

A

Power/Control
Hedonistic
Mission-orientation
Visionary

38
Q

Why draws the visionary serial killer to kill?

👼 or 👹

A

They are driven to kill by a voice or vision in their head (usually God and the Angel or Satan and the devil)

39
Q

What draws the mission orientated killer to kill?

👬 👭

A

Driven to kill in order to eliminate a certain sub-population

Eg. Homosexuals, prostitutes or Catholics

40
Q

What drives the hedonistic killer to kill?

💸💸💸💸💸💸💰💰💰💰💵💵💴💴💶💶💶💷💷💷💷💶💶💶💶💴💵💵

😄😄😄😅😅

A

They are driven to kill because of the pleasure they get from it or because it enhance their social or personal status (financial or material gain)

41
Q

What drives a Power/control killer to kill?

👑👑👑👑👑

A

They pleasure they get from having complete control and dominance over the victim

42
Q

Which approach takes into account all the physical evidence left behind at the crime scene and then uses 5 steps to develop a criminal profile?

A

BEA (Behavioural Evidence Analysis)

43
Q

Which approach uses the information gathered from the crime scene and information about the crime, to get a picture of the criminal?

A

British (bottom up) approach

44
Q

Which approach uses information from known convicted criminals together with behavioural analysis of the crime scene and information from victims and witnesses?

A

American (top down) approach

45
Q

What type of stalker stalks their victim thinking they are in love with them usually a celebrity?

A

Erotomaniac stalker

46
Q

What type of stalker stalks their victim after they have ‘injured or insulted’ them?

A

Resentful stalker

47
Q

What type of stalker stalks to pursue their desires for sexual gratification and control of others through stalking?

A

Predatory stalker

48
Q

What type of stalker stalks a person to establish a close relationship with them in repose to their loneliness?

“Punishment is just a price I must pay for the pursuit for true love!”

A

Intimacy seeker

Psychology (8 decks)

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