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Biologi psykologi > Forelesning 4 > Flashcards

Forelesning 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Vesicles for neuropeptides is called?

A

Secretory granuler

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2
Q

Cholinergic neuron

A

Cholinergic neurons are nerve cells that use acetylcholine (ACh) as their primary neurotransmitter to communicate with other cells. These neurons play pivotal roles in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), influencing a wide array of physiological functions including muscle activation, memory, and attention.

Receptors
- Inontropic reseptor (nicotin)
- Metabotropic receptor (Muskaronic)

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3
Q

Glutamate

A
  • synthesied in the brain

Glutamite + Glutaminase = Glutamate

  • Excitatory

Ion channel-associated (ionotropic)
- NMDA (see example)
- AMPA
- Kainate
= Fast excitatory

G protein-coupled
(Metabotropic )

  • Group 1 (slow Excitatory)
  • Group 2 (slow inhibiotory, autoreceptors)
  • Group 3 ( –II–)
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4
Q

Substantia nigra

A

Negrostrital pathway

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5
Q

Ventral tegmental area

A
  • Mesostriatal pathway
  • Mesocortical pathway
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6
Q

Neuropeptide Oxytocin

A

social boding, sexual reproduction, childbirth

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7
Q

Neuropeptide Vasopressin

A

Social behavior, sexual motivation, pair bonding, and maternal responses to stess

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8
Q

Neuropeptide Substance P

A

percetion of pain

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9
Q

Neuropeptide Endorphins

A

relive stress and pain, reward

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10
Q

Neuropeptide Insulin

A

regulating blood sugar levels

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11
Q

Germlayers

A

Ectoderm (outer layer) (skin)
Mesoderm (middle layer)
Endoderm (inner layer) (internal organs)

“primitive streak”

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12
Q

Gastrulation

A
  • 2 weeks post-fertilization

The process that happens during emborinick development, which changes the embroy from a plasticora with a singular layer of cells to a hastula with a multiple layer of cells.

the process of three multilayered stuctures will be created called germ layers.

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13
Q

Neurolation

A
  • 3-4 weeks post fertilization
  • the folding prosess that includes the formation of the neuroplate into a neurotube
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14
Q

Anencephaly

A

Failer of closerure

Missing part of the brain, front brain and skull

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15
Q

Enceohalocele

A

Failer of closerure

  • bulb in the back of head
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16
Q

Spina bifida

A

Failer of closerure

  • failure of dna …
17
Q

Prosencephalon

A

soon to be forebrain

18
Q

Mesencephalon

A

soon to be midbrain

19
Q

Rhombencephalon

A

soon to be hidbrain

20
Q

Stages of Neurodevelopment

A
  1. Cell birth (Neurogenesis)
  2. Cell migration
  3. Cell differentiation
  4. Cell maturation (dendrite and axon growth)
  5. Synaptogenesis ( formation of synapses)
  6. Cell death and synaptic pruning
  7. Myelogenesis (formation of myelin
21
Q

Asymmetrical division phase

A

In cell biology, asymmetrical division refers to a process during which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells that are not identical, either in size, content, or developmental potential. This type of division contrasts with symmetrical division, where the two resulting daughter cells are nearly identical.

22
Q

Dendritic arborization

A

Synapse formation and grow dentrites and axons.

23
Q

neruexins (presyanaptic) and neuroligand (postsynaptic)

A

People with autism and shcizo has more proteins of there

24
Q

zygote

A
25
Q

inner cell mass

A

will become hte embroio

26
Q

Radial glial cell

A

guide wyiers

  • cheese and mouse
27
Q

Ventricular zone

A
  1. Innerst

Developing human neocortex

28
Q

Subventricular zone

A
  1. Developing human neocortex

” inner and outer zone”

outer radial glial xell

29
Q

Intermediate zone

A
  1. Developing human neocortex
30
Q

Cortical plate

A
  1. Ytterst
    Developing human neocortex
31
Q

nerocress cells

A
32
Q

Apootosis

A

celldeath

33
Q

Synaptic pruning

A

getting rid of all the extra connectings for having the right amount of connecting

34
Q

Poly neural innervation

A

many axons traveling towards the muscle, but their will only be one that will survive and stay.

  • the target cell is innovated by serveral axons at first and then during early post netal development the inputs are gradually lost, until there is only one remaning

= synapse elimination

35
Q

Myelogenesis

A
  • formation of myelin

Biologi psykologi (16 decks)

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