Forearm Flashcards
Osteology of Elbow and Forearm
Flexion-Extension Movement of Forearm
Supination-Pronation of the Forearm
Muscles of the Anterior Forearm known as
Flexors and pronators
Superficial Layer of Anterior Forearm Muscles (4)
- Pronator Teres
- Flexor Carpi Radialis
- Palmar longus
- Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
The 4 superficial layer of anterior forearm muscles all originate from _____ _______ tendon (attached to the medial epicondyle of humerus)
The 4 superficial layer of anterior forearm muscles all originate from common flexor tendon (attached to the medial epicondyle of humerus)
Identify this muscle
Pronator Teres
Pronator Teres
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Pronator Teres
Origin: Humeral head: medial epicondyle (via common flexor tendon)
Ulnar head: coronoid process
Insertion: Middle portion of the lateral radius
Innervation: Median nerve (C5-T1)
Action: Pronates and flexes forearm (at elbow)
Identify this muscle
Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR)
Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR)
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR)
Origin: Medial epicondyle (via common flexor tendon)
Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal (pointer/index finger)
Innervation: Median nerve (C5-T1)
Action: Flexes and abducts hand at wrist
Identify this muscle
Palmaris Longus
Palmaris Longus
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Palmaris Longus
Origin: Medial epicondyle
Insertion Palmar aponeurosis (apex) and flexor retinaculum
Innervation: Median nerve (C5-T1)
Action: Flexes hand (at wrist); tenses palmar aponeurosis
Identify this muscle
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
DON’T WORRY – know that this comes from the medial side;
Origin: Humeral head: medial epicondyle (via common flexor tendon)
Ulnar head: Olecranon process
Insertion: Pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal
Innervation: Ulnar Nerve (
Action: Flexes adducts (ulnar deviation) hand (at wrist)
Intermediate layer of anterior forearm consists of ____ muscle and ____ heads
Intermediate layer of anterior forearm consists of one muscle and 2 heads
What muscle is this?
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Origin: Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle, coronoid process
Radial head: superior portion of radius
Insertion: Intermediate phalanx, digits 2-5 (index to pinky)
Innervation: Median Nerve (C5-T1)
Action: Flexes middle phalanges at the PIP joint of digits 2-5; may assist in flexion of proximal phalanges at MPP joints
Muscles of the deep layer of the anterior forearm (3); innervated by the anterior ________ nerve, a branch of the _____ nerve
Muscles of the deep layer of the anterior forearm (3); innervated by the anterior interosseous nerve, a branch of the median nerve
- Flexor digitorum profundus
- Flexor pollicis (thumb) longus
- Pronator quadratus
What is this muscle?
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Flexor digitorum profundus
Origin: Proximal ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Bases of distal phalanx of digits 2-5
Innervation: Digits 2-3: anterior interosseous nerve (branch of the median nerve)
Digits 4-5: (Ulnar nerve)
Action: Flexes distal phalanges at the DIP joint of digits 2-5
What is this muscle?
Flexor pollicis (thumb) longus
Flexor pollicis (thumb) longus
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Flexor pollicis (thumb) longus
Origin: Radius, interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of digit 1 (pollex/index finger)
Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve)
Action: Flexes phalanges of digit 1 (THUMB)
What is this muscle?
Pronator quadratus
Pronator quadratus
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Origin: Distal ulna
Insertion: Distal radius
Innervation: Anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve)
Action: Pronates forearm; bind radius and ulna together
Muscles of the Posterior Arm are all innervated by branches of the ____ nerve
Muscles of the Posterior Arm are all innervated by branches of the radial nerve
Posterior compartment consists of 2 layers of extensors, abductors, adductors of wrist and ______ of digits
Posterior compartment consists of 2 layers of extensors, abductors, adductors of wrist and extensors of digits
What muscle is this?
Brachioradialis
Brachioradialis
Origin: Supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Distal lateral radius
Innervation: Radial nerve
Action: Flexes (weakly) forearm at elbow but strong in mid-pronated position
What muscle is this?
Extensor Indicis
Most medial of deep muscles in posterior forearm
Extensor Indicis
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Origin: Distal 1/3 of posterior ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Extensor expansion of digit 2
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve)
Action: Extends proximal phalanx of digit 2 also extends hands at wrist
What muscle is this?
Extensor digitii minimi
What muscle is this?
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Extensor digitii minimi
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Origin: Distal 1/3 of posterior ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Extensor expansion of digit 2
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve)
Action: Extends proximal phalanx of digit 2 also extends hands at wrist
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Origin
Insertion
Innervation
Action
Origin: Proximal ½ of posterior ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of 1st metacarpal
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of deep branch of radial nerve)
Action: Abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal
What muscle is this?
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Origin: Distal 1/3 of posterior radius and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of digit 1
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve
Action: Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at the metacarpophalangeal joint; also extends
What is this muscle?
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Origin: Middle 1/3 of posterior ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve
Action: Extends distal phalanx of thumb of at interphalangeal joint; extends carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints
What is this muscle?
Flexor pollicis (thumb) longus
Flexor pollicis (thumb) longus
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Origin: Middle 1/3 of posterior ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve (continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve
Action: Extends distal phalanx of thumb of at interphalangeal joint; extends carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints
What muscle is this?
Extensor Carpi radialis longus
Extensor Carpi radialis longus
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Origin: Supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Base of 2nd metacarpal
Innervation: Radial nerve (C5-T1)
Action: Extend and adduct (radial deviation) the hand at the wrist; fist clenching
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Origin: Lateral epicondyle
Insertion: Base of 3rd metacarpal
Innervation: Deep branch of radial nerve
Action: Extend and abduct (radial deviation) the hand at the wrist
What muscle is this?
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digitorum
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Extensor digitorum
Origin: Lateral epicondyle
Insertion: Extensor expansion of digits 2-5
Innervation: Deep branch of the radial nerve
Action: Primary extension at metacarpophalangeal joint digits 2-5
Secondary extension at interphalangeal joints (distal, middle, and proximal phalanges)
What muscle is this?
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Origin: 2 heads: lateral epicondyle and posterior border of ulna
Insertion: Base of 5th metacarpal
Innervation: Deep branch of the radial nerve
Action: Extends and adducts (ulnar deviation) the hand at wrist
What is this muscle
Supinator
Supinator
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation:
Action:
Supinator
Origin: Lateral epicondyle, radial collateral ad annular ligament, ulna
Insertion: Proximal 1/3 of the radius
Innervation: Deep branch of the radial nerve
Action: Supinates forearm
Fascial Compartments of forearm
