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Head And Neck Anatomy: Grant's Notes > Foramens and Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Foramens and Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal Nerve

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2
Q

Which CN is affected in case of tumor of nerve leading to progressive unilateral hearing loss and tinnitus

A

CN VIII

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3
Q

Which CN is affected in case of brainstem lesion or deep laceration of neck causing loss of taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue and loss of sensation on affected side of soft palate

A

CN IX

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4
Q

CN VI

A

Abducent Nerve

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5
Q

Stylomastoid foramen contains what nerve?

A

Facial Nerve (CN VII)

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6
Q

The Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI) passes through what structure?

A

Jugular Foramen

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7
Q

The foramen magnum has what passing thru it?

A

Spinal cord

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8
Q

____ contains middle meningeal artery and vein and meningeal branch of CN V3

A

Foramen spinosum

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9
Q

_____ contains medulla and meninges, vertebral arteries, CN XI, dural veins, and anterior and posterior spinal arteries

A

Foramen magnum

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10
Q

What cranial nerve is used in sensation around the eye?

A

CN V

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11
Q

Which CN is affected in case of laceration or contusion in parotid region leading to paralysis of facial muscles, eye remains open, angle of mouth droops, and forehead doesn’t wrinkle; in case of fracture of temporal bone leading to laceration or contusion in parotid region leading to paralysis of facial muscles, eye remains open, angle of mouth droops, and forehead doesn’t wrinkle along with associated involvement of cochlear nerve and chorda tympani, dry cornea, and loss of taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue; and in case of intracranial hematoma (stroke) causing forehead wrinkles because of bilateral innervation of frontalis muscle, otherwise paralysis of contralateral facial muscles

A

CN VII

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12
Q

____ contains CN IX, X, XI; superior bulb of internal jugular vein; inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses; and meningeal branches of ascending pharyngeal and occipital arteries

A

Jugular foramen

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13
Q

Cranial nerve (motor): ciliary muscles, sphincter pupillae, all extrinsic muscles of eye except those listed from CN IV and VI

A

Oculomotor (CN III)

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14
Q

Which CN is affected in case of stretching of nerve during its course around brainstem or fracture of orbit leading to inability to look down when eye is adducted

A

CN IV

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15
Q

The facial Nerve (CN VII) passes through what structure?

A

Stylomastoid foramen and Internal accoustic meatus

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16
Q

What passes thru the jugular foramen?

A

CN IX, X, XI and jugular vein/artery

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17
Q

Which CN is affected in case of direct trauma to orbit or eyeball/ fracture involving optic canal leading to loss of pupillary constriction or pressure on optic pathway, laceration or intracerebral clot in temporal, parietal or occipital lobes of brain causing visual field defects?

A

CN II

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18
Q

Cranial Nerve (motor): submandibular, sublingual, lacrimal, nasal and palatine glands; (Sensory): taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue, soft palate

A

Facial (CN VII) intermediate nerve

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19
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

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20
Q

CN X

A

Vagus Nerve

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21
Q

____ contains deep petrosal nerve and some meningeal arterial branches and small veins

A

Foramen lacerum

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22
Q

Which CN is affected in case of injury to terminal branches (particularly CN V2) in roof of maxillary sinus; pathological processes affecting trigeminal ganglion leading to loss of pain and touch sensations; paraesthesia; masseter and temporalis muscles do not contract; deviation of mandible to side of lesion when mouth is opened

A

CN V

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23
Q

____ contains the nasal emissary vein in some people

A

Foramen cecum

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24
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor Nerver

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25
Q

____ contain optic nerve (CN II) and ophthalmic arteries

A

Optic canals

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26
Q

Cranial Nerve (sensory): equilibrium, motion, and hearing

A

Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)

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27
Q

The Oculomotor nerve (CN III) passes through what structure?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

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28
Q

Landmark found at superior point of neurocranium, in middle with cranium oriented in anatomical plane (Frankfurt horizontal plane)

A

Vertex

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29
Q

The Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII) passes through what structure?

A

Internal Accoustic Meatus `

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30
Q

Cranial Nerve (sensory): vision

A

Optic (CN II)

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31
Q

What are the three segments of the trigeminal nerve?

A

V1: Opthalmic nerve
V2: Maxillary Nerve
V3: Mandibular Nerve

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32
Q

____ contains mastoid emissary vein from sigmoid sinus and meningeal branch of occipital artery

A

Mastoid foramen

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33
Q

What foramen does the carotid run over?

A

Foramen lacerum

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34
Q

Landmark found at point on calvaria at junction of coronal and sagittal sutures

35
Q

Cranial nerve (sensory): face, oral, nasal, and sinus mucosa; teeth; anterior 2/3 of tongue; (motor): muscles of mastication and 4 other muscles

A

Trigeminal (CN V)

36
Q

The Vagus Nerve (CN X) passes through what structure?

A

Jugular formen

37
Q

____ contains mandibular nerve (CN V3) and accessory meningeal artery

A

Foramen ovale

38
Q

Which CN is affected in case of laceration of neck causing paralysis of sternocleidomastoid and descending fibers of trapezius and drooping of shoulder

39
Q

Which CN is affected in case of base of brain or fracture involving cavernous sinus or orbit leading to eye falls to move laterally; diplopia on lateral gaze

40
Q

Which CN is affected in case of pressure from herniating uncus on nerve, fracture involving cavernous sinus, and aneurysms leading to dilated pupil, ptosis, eye turns down and out, pupillary reflex on side of lesion will be lost

41
Q

Cranial Nerve (motor): stylopharyngeus, parotid gland; (sensory): taste of posterior 1/3 of tongue; general sensation: pharynx, tonsillar sinus, pharyngotympanic tube, middle ear cavity

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

42
Q

The trigeminal Nerve (CN V) passes through what structures?

A

V1: Superior Orbital Fissure
V2: Foramen rotundum
V3: foramen ovale and or foramen spinosum

43
Q

Olfactory Nerves pass through what structures:

A

Cribiform Foramina

44
Q

Stylomastoid foramen has what passing thru it?

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

45
Q

Landmark that is most prominent point of external occipital protuberance

46
Q

The optic nerve (CN II) passes through what structure?

A

optic canal

47
Q

Landmark found at junction of the parietomastoid, occipitomastoid, and lambdoid suture; star-shaped

48
Q

______ contains an emissary vein that passes from sigmoid sinus to vertebral veins in neck

A

Condylar canal

49
Q

Which CN is affected in case of neck laceration or factures of cranial tissue causing protruded tongue deviating toward affected side and moderate dysarthria (disturbance of articulation)

50
Q

CN I

A

olfactory Nerve

51
Q

Condylar foramen and mastoid foramen have what passing thru them?

A

Emissary veins

52
Q

____ contains maxillary nerve (CN V2)

A

Foramen rotundum

53
Q

Cranial Nerve (motor): sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

54
Q

Point on cranium where frontonasal and internasal sutures meet

55
Q

The Trochlear nerve (CN IV) passes through what structure?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

56
Q

____ contains ophthalmic veins, nerve (CN V1); CN III, IV, and VI; also sympathetic fibers

A

Superior orbital fissure

57
Q

Cranial nerve (motor): superior oblique muscle of eye

A

Trochlear (CN IV)

58
Q

Which CN is affected in case of brainstem lesion or deep laceration of neck causing sagging of soft palate, deviation of uvula to normal side, and hoarseness owing to paralysis of vocal cord

59
Q

Landmark found at point on calvaria at junction of lambdoid and sagittal sutures

60
Q

Cranial Nerve (motor): muscles of facial expression and 3 other muscles

A

Facial (CN VII) primary root

61
Q

T/F: Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina contain vessels and nerves with same names

62
Q

Foramen ovale has what structure passing thru it?

A

3rd division of trigeminal

63
Q

_____ contains CN XII

A

Hypoglossal canal

64
Q

Which CN is affected in case of fracture of cribriform plate leading to anosmia (loss of smell) or cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea

65
Q

Cranial nerve (motor): lateral rectus muscle of eye

A

Abducent (CN VI)

66
Q

Cranial nerve (motor): all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue (excluding palatoglossus - palatine muscle)

A

Hypoglossal (CN XII)

67
Q

The pterygoid plates are part of the ____ bone?

A

Sphenoid bone

68
Q

CN VII

A

Facial Nerve

69
Q

The Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII) passes through what structure?

A

hypoglossal canal

70
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

71
Q

Cranial Nerve (sensory): smell

A

Olfactory (CN I)

72
Q

Landmark found at junction of greater wing of sphenoid, squamous temporal, frontal , and parietal bones; overlies course of anterior division of middle meningeal artery

73
Q

What 3 cranial nerves work together to move the eyeball?

A

CN III, IV, and VI

74
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal Nerve

75
Q

The Abducent Nerve (CN VI) passes through what structure?

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

76
Q

CN II

A

Optic Nerve

77
Q

Cranial Nerve (motor): palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, heart, GI tract to left colic flexure; (Sensory): pharynx, larynx; reflex sensory from tracheobronchial tree, lungs, heart, GI tract to left colic flexure

A

Vagus (CN X)

78
Q

The glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX) passes through what structure?

A

Jugular foramen

79
Q

Foramen spinosum has what structure passing thru it?

A

Middle meningeal artery

80
Q

_____ contains greater petrosal nerve and petrosal branch of meningeal artery

A

Groove/hiatus of greater petrosal nerve

81
Q

Landmark found on frontal bones superior to root of nose; smooth prominence most marked in males; most anterior projecting part of forehead

82
Q

CN XI

A

spinal accessory Nerve

AKA Intermediate Nerve

83
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear Nerve

84
Q

____ contains axons of olfactory cells in olfactory epithelium that form olfactory nerves

A

Cribriform foramina in cribriform plate

Head And Neck Anatomy: Grant's Notes (17 decks)

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