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Head And Neck Anatomy: Grant's Notes > Foramens and Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Foramens and Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal Nerve

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2
Q

Which CN is affected in case of tumor of nerve leading to progressive unilateral hearing loss and tinnitus

A

CN VIII

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3
Q

Which CN is affected in case of brainstem lesion or deep laceration of neck causing loss of taste on posterior 1/3 of tongue and loss of sensation on affected side of soft palate

A

CN IX

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4
Q

CN VI

A

Abducent Nerve

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5
Q

Stylomastoid foramen contains what nerve?

A

Facial Nerve (CN VII)

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6
Q

The Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI) passes through what structure?

A

Jugular Foramen

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7
Q

The foramen magnum has what passing thru it?

A

Spinal cord

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8
Q

____ contains middle meningeal artery and vein and meningeal branch of CN V3

A

Foramen spinosum

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9
Q

_____ contains medulla and meninges, vertebral arteries, CN XI, dural veins, and anterior and posterior spinal arteries

A

Foramen magnum

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10
Q

What cranial nerve is used in sensation around the eye?

A

CN V

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11
Q

Which CN is affected in case of laceration or contusion in parotid region leading to paralysis of facial muscles, eye remains open, angle of mouth droops, and forehead doesn’t wrinkle; in case of fracture of temporal bone leading to laceration or contusion in parotid region leading to paralysis of facial muscles, eye remains open, angle of mouth droops, and forehead doesn’t wrinkle along with associated involvement of cochlear nerve and chorda tympani, dry cornea, and loss of taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue; and in case of intracranial hematoma (stroke) causing forehead wrinkles because of bilateral innervation of frontalis muscle, otherwise paralysis of contralateral facial muscles

A

CN VII

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12
Q

____ contains CN IX, X, XI; superior bulb of internal jugular vein; inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses; and meningeal branches of ascending pharyngeal and occipital arteries

A

Jugular foramen

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13
Q

Cranial nerve (motor): ciliary muscles, sphincter pupillae, all extrinsic muscles of eye except those listed from CN IV and VI

A

Oculomotor (CN III)

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14
Q

Which CN is affected in case of stretching of nerve during its course around brainstem or fracture of orbit leading to inability to look down when eye is adducted

A

CN IV

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15
Q

The facial Nerve (CN VII) passes through what structure?

A

Stylomastoid foramen and Internal accoustic meatus

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16
Q

What passes thru the jugular foramen?

A

CN IX, X, XI and jugular vein/artery

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17
Q

Which CN is affected in case of direct trauma to orbit or eyeball/ fracture involving optic canal leading to loss of pupillary constriction or pressure on optic pathway, laceration or intracerebral clot in temporal, parietal or occipital lobes of brain causing visual field defects?

A

CN II

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18
Q

Cranial Nerve (motor): submandibular, sublingual, lacrimal, nasal and palatine glands; (Sensory): taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue, soft palate

A

Facial (CN VII) intermediate nerve

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19
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

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20
Q

CN X

A

Vagus Nerve

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21
Q

____ contains deep petrosal nerve and some meningeal arterial branches and small veins

A

Foramen lacerum

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22
Q

Which CN is affected in case of injury to terminal branches (particularly CN V2) in roof of maxillary sinus; pathological processes affecting trigeminal ganglion leading to loss of pain and touch sensations; paraesthesia; masseter and temporalis muscles do not contract; deviation of mandible to side of lesion when mouth is opened

A

CN V

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23
Q

____ contains the nasal emissary vein in some people

A

Foramen cecum

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24
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor Nerver

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25
____ contain optic nerve (CN II) and ophthalmic arteries
Optic canals
26
Cranial Nerve (sensory): equilibrium, motion, and hearing
Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)
27
The Oculomotor nerve (CN III) passes through what structure?
Superior Orbital Fissure
28
Landmark found at superior point of neurocranium, in middle with cranium oriented in anatomical plane (Frankfurt horizontal plane)
Vertex
29
The Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII) passes through what structure?
Internal Accoustic Meatus `
30
Cranial Nerve (sensory): vision
Optic (CN II)
31
What are the three segments of the trigeminal nerve?
V1: Opthalmic nerve V2: Maxillary Nerve V3: Mandibular Nerve
32
____ contains mastoid emissary vein from sigmoid sinus and meningeal branch of occipital artery
Mastoid foramen
33
What foramen does the carotid run over?
Foramen lacerum
34
Landmark found at point on calvaria at junction of coronal and sagittal sutures
Bregma
35
Cranial nerve (sensory): face, oral, nasal, and sinus mucosa; teeth; anterior 2/3 of tongue; (motor): muscles of mastication and 4 other muscles
Trigeminal (CN V)
36
The Vagus Nerve (CN X) passes through what structure?
Jugular formen
37
____ contains mandibular nerve (CN V3) and accessory meningeal artery
Foramen ovale
38
Which CN is affected in case of laceration of neck causing paralysis of sternocleidomastoid and descending fibers of trapezius and drooping of shoulder
CN XI
39
Which CN is affected in case of base of brain or fracture involving cavernous sinus or orbit leading to eye falls to move laterally; diplopia on lateral gaze
CN VI
40
Which CN is affected in case of pressure from herniating uncus on nerve, fracture involving cavernous sinus, and aneurysms leading to dilated pupil, ptosis, eye turns down and out, pupillary reflex on side of lesion will be lost
CN III
41
Cranial Nerve (motor): stylopharyngeus, parotid gland; (sensory): taste of posterior 1/3 of tongue; general sensation: pharynx, tonsillar sinus, pharyngotympanic tube, middle ear cavity
Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
42
The trigeminal Nerve (CN V) passes through what structures?
V1: Superior Orbital Fissure V2: Foramen rotundum V3: foramen ovale and or foramen spinosum
43
Olfactory Nerves pass through what structures:
Cribiform Foramina
44
Stylomastoid foramen has what passing thru it?
Facial nerve (CN VII)
45
Landmark that is most prominent point of external occipital protuberance
Inion
46
The optic nerve (CN II) passes through what structure?
optic canal
47
Landmark found at junction of the parietomastoid, occipitomastoid, and lambdoid suture; star-shaped
Asterion
48
______ contains an emissary vein that passes from sigmoid sinus to vertebral veins in neck
Condylar canal
49
Which CN is affected in case of neck laceration or factures of cranial tissue causing protruded tongue deviating toward affected side and moderate dysarthria (disturbance of articulation)
CN XII
50
CN I
olfactory Nerve
51
Condylar foramen and mastoid foramen have what passing thru them?
Emissary veins
52
____ contains maxillary nerve (CN V2)
Foramen rotundum
53
Cranial Nerve (motor): sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
54
Point on cranium where frontonasal and internasal sutures meet
Nasion
55
The Trochlear nerve (CN IV) passes through what structure?
Superior Orbital Fissure
56
____ contains ophthalmic veins, nerve (CN V1); CN III, IV, and VI; also sympathetic fibers
Superior orbital fissure
57
Cranial nerve (motor): superior oblique muscle of eye
Trochlear (CN IV)
58
Which CN is affected in case of brainstem lesion or deep laceration of neck causing sagging of soft palate, deviation of uvula to normal side, and hoarseness owing to paralysis of vocal cord
CN X
59
Landmark found at point on calvaria at junction of lambdoid and sagittal sutures
Lambda
60
Cranial Nerve (motor): muscles of facial expression and 3 other muscles
Facial (CN VII) primary root
61
T/F: Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina contain vessels and nerves with same names
True
62
Foramen ovale has what structure passing thru it?
3rd division of trigeminal
63
_____ contains CN XII
Hypoglossal canal
64
Which CN is affected in case of fracture of cribriform plate leading to anosmia (loss of smell) or cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea
CN I
65
Cranial nerve (motor): lateral rectus muscle of eye
Abducent (CN VI)
66
Cranial nerve (motor): all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue (excluding palatoglossus - palatine muscle)
Hypoglossal (CN XII)
67
The pterygoid plates are part of the ____ bone?
Sphenoid bone
68
CN VII
Facial Nerve
69
The Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII) passes through what structure?
hypoglossal canal
70
CN IX
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
71
Cranial Nerve (sensory): smell
Olfactory (CN I)
72
Landmark found at junction of greater wing of sphenoid, squamous temporal, frontal , and parietal bones; overlies course of anterior division of middle meningeal artery
Pterion
73
What 3 cranial nerves work together to move the eyeball?
CN III, IV, and VI
74
CN V
Trigeminal Nerve
75
The Abducent Nerve (CN VI) passes through what structure?
Superior Orbital Fissure
76
CN II
Optic Nerve
77
Cranial Nerve (motor): palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, heart, GI tract to left colic flexure; (Sensory): pharynx, larynx; reflex sensory from tracheobronchial tree, lungs, heart, GI tract to left colic flexure
Vagus (CN X)
78
The glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX) passes through what structure?
Jugular foramen
79
Foramen spinosum has what structure passing thru it?
Middle meningeal artery
80
_____ contains greater petrosal nerve and petrosal branch of meningeal artery
Groove/hiatus of greater petrosal nerve
81
Landmark found on frontal bones superior to root of nose; smooth prominence most marked in males; most anterior projecting part of forehead
Glabella
82
CN XI
spinal accessory Nerve AKA Intermediate Nerve
83
CN IV
Trochlear Nerve
84
____ contains axons of olfactory cells in olfactory epithelium that form olfactory nerves
Cribriform foramina in cribriform plate

Head And Neck Anatomy: Grant's Notes (17 decks)

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