foot & ankle review

Question 1

the foot contains how many bones total

Answer 1

26

Question 2

the phalanges make up __ bones

Answer 2

14

Question 3

the metatarsal heads are

Answer 3

distal

Question 4

a common trauma site for the foot & must be well visualized on radiographs

Answer 4

the base of the fifth metatarsal

Question 5

where are sesamoid bones found in the feet

Answer 5

on the plantar surface at the head of the first metatarsal

Question 6

largest and strongest bone of the foot

Answer 6

calcaneus

Question 7

area common for bone spurs

Answer 7

posterior portion of the calcaneus

Question 8

the calcaneus articulates with the

Answer 8

cuboid anteriorly & the talus superiorly

Question 9

the calcaneus sulcus combines with a groove of the talus, forms an opening for ligaments. what is the opening called

Answer 9

sinus tarsi (sits between the calcaneus & talus)

Question 10

flattened oval shaped bone, sits on the medial side of the foot between the talus & the 3 cuneiforms

Answer 10

navicular

Question 11

weight barring bone of the lower limb

Answer 11

tibia

Question 12

the most distal part of fibula / ankle joint

Answer 12

lateral malleolus

Question 13

anterior surface of the foot

Answer 13

dorsumpedis

Question 14

posterior surface of the foot

Answer 14

plantar

Question 15

CR for an AP oblique toes

Answer 15

perpendicular to the IR, at the MTP joint

Question 16

lateromedial projection is used for

Answer 16

great/big toe

Question 17

for lateral toes, rotate foot medially for

Answer 17

first, second, and third digits

Question 18

for lateral toes rotate the foot laterally for

Answer 18

4th & 5th digits

Question 19

best projection for cuboid

Answer 19

AP oblique foot (medial rotation)

Question 20

most distal part of a metatarsal

Answer 20

head

Question 21

how much foot rotation is required for the AP oblique, medial rotation projection of the foot

Answer 21

30 - 40 degrees

Question 22

another name for the AP projection of the foot

Answer 22

dorsoplantar projection

Question 23

for the AP projection of the toes, the CR is directed to the

Answer 23

third MTP joint

Question 24

the most commonly performed oblique projection of the foot is the

Answer 24

AP oblique in medial rotation

Question 25

the CR angle for an AP oblique projection of the foot is

Answer 25

0 degrees

Question 26

for a lateral projection of the foot , the CR is directed to

Answer 26

the base of the third metatarsal

Question 27

what is the CR angulation for the axial projection of the calcaneus

Answer 27

40 degrees

Question 28

to prevent lateral rotation, how should the foot be positioned for a lateral projection of the ankle

Answer 28

in dorsiflexion

Question 29

for a lateral projection of the ankle , the CR must enter the

Answer 29

medial malleolus

Question 30

to demonstrate the ankle mortise , the leg and foot should be rotated medially how many degrees

Answer 30

15 - 20 degrees

Question 31

how many degrees of angulation are required to open the interphalangeal joint spaces of the toes on an AP projection

Answer 31

15 degrees

Question 32

how is the patient placed for a lateral projection of the great toe and second toe

Answer 32

recumbent on the medial side

Question 33

the amount of obliquity for an internal oblique foot

Answer 33

30 - 40 degrees

Question 34

the amount of obliquity for an internal oblique ankle

Answer 34

45 degrees

Question 35

the _ metatarsal has a tuberosity that is prominent at its base

Answer 35

5th

Question 36

when the patient is positioned for a lateral foot or ankle , the foot forms a __ degree angle with the tibia and fibula

Answer 36

90

Question 37

when the patient is positioned for a lateral foot or ankle the

Answer 37

dorsal surface of the foot is perpendicular to the IR

Question 38

names of the tarsal bone

Answer 38

medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, navicular, talus, cuboid, & calcaneus

Question 39

which tarsal bone articulates superiorly on the calcaneus

Answer 39

talus

Question 40

which tarsal bone is located between the calcaneus & the 4th and 5th metatarsals

Answer 40

cuboid

Question 41

which tarsal bone is lateral from the cuneiforms

Answer 41

cuboid

Question 42

which tarsal bone is located between the talus & the cuneiforms

Answer 42

navicular

Question 43

name the tarsal bones that articulate with the metatarsals

Answer 43

3 cuneiforms & cuboid

Question 44

which tarsal bone forms part of the ankle joint

Answer 44

talus

Question 45

the two bones of the lower leg

Answer 45

tibia & fibula

Question 46

lateral bone of the leg

Answer 46

fibula

Question 47

smaller bone of the leg

Answer 47

fibula

Question 48

another name for the ankle joint

Answer 48

mortise

Question 49

what forms the ankle joint

Answer 49

lateral & medial malleolus & talus

Question 50

where is the sustentaculum tali

Answer 50

on medial aspect of calcaneus

Question 51

metatarsals base is

Answer 51

proximal

Question 52

smallest tarsal bone

Answer 52

intermediate cuneiform

Question 53

degree the mortise opens on an ankle

Answer 53

15 - 20 degrees

Question 54

calcaneus lateral CR

Answer 54

1” inferior to medial malleolus

Question 55

band that spans the medial cuneiform to the first and second metatarsal bases, high stress mid foot injury

Answer 55

lisfranc injury

Question 56

common primary malignant bone tumor that comes from the bone marrow, resembles an onion that has layers of peeling

Answer 56

ewing sarcoma

Question 57

also called giant cell tumor , large radiolucent lesions with thin strips of bone between, mostly present on long bones

Answer 57

osteoclastoma

Question 58

means bone softening , lack of bone mineralization due to calcium deficiency or vitamin D , called rickets in pediatrics

Answer 58

osteomalacia

Question 59

increases uric acid in the blood, leads to the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints , cartilage, and kidney. manifests as very painful arthritis

Answer 59

gout

Question 60

fracture of both malleoli, one side is usually spiral or oblique and the other is transverse

Answer 60

bimalleolar fracture

Question 61

common transverse fracture of the 5th metatarsal base

Answer 61

jones fracture

Question 62

fracture of both malleoli with ankle dislocation

Answer 62

potts fracture

Question 63

most common type of primary bone cancer , looks like punched out bone , loss of calcium in the bone

Answer 63

multiple myeloma