foot and ankle palpations

Question 1

head of the first metatarsal

Answer 1

find:follow 1st phalange proximally, space, head of 1st metatarsal (will be tender
clinically: turf toe- hyperextension of mtp

Question 2

first metatarsal shaft and base

Answer 2

find: continue to palpate along 1st metatarsal
clinically fractured metatarsals, stress fracture of metatarsal

Question 3

2nd and 3rd metatarsals

Answer 3

find: adjacent to 1st metatarsal

Question 4

1st metatarsal cuneiform joint

Answer 4

find: palpate metatarsal proximally- small divot (articulation of mt and medial cuneiform)
clinically: tenderness could mean joint disruption which could mean Lis Frank Fx

Question 5

navicular tubercle

Answer 5

find: 1st cuneiform-move slightly posterior/proximally, slightly medial- bony projection
clinically: keeps an arch from falling, attachment for spring ligament, can be fractured

Question 6

Head of Talus

Answer 6

find: immediately proximal and superior to navicular, pronation and supination, and eversion can make more prominent
clinically: any fracture will be tender, ostrigonum

Question 7

medial malleolus

Answer 7

find: most prominent

Question 8

sustentaclum tali

Answer 8

find: one fingers width below inferior medial malleolus
clinically: arch problem, tender at ST

Question 9

deltoid ligament

Answer 9

-pain under medial malleolus
-1) Posterior tibiotalar ligament
-2) Anterior tibiotalar ligament
-3) Tibiocalcaneal ligament
-4) Tibionavicular ligament

Question 10

tibialis posterior

Answer 10

find:medial malleolus, behind move ankle- tendon moves
clinically: move indigenous of deterioration of tib posteiror-tendonitis

Question 11

flexor digitorum longus

Answer 11

posterior to tibialis posterior

Question 12

flexor hallicus longus

Answer 12

posterior to FDL

Question 13

Tibial artery and nerve

Answer 13

behind medial malleolus

Question 14

base of 5th metatarsal

Answer 14

find: marked by lateral projecting styloid process
clinically: fracture won’t heal well due to low blood supply might need a pin- Jones Fracture

Question 15

Lateral Malleolus

Answer 15

self explanatory

Question 16

peroneal tubercle

Answer 16

find: inferior, slightly anterior to most distal part of lateral malleolus
clinically: issue w/ brevis and longs

Question 17

sinus tarsi

Answer 17

find: depression anterior to lateral malleolus
clinically: anteriorfibular ligament located within it

Question 18

ATF, CF, PTF-ATF

Answer 18

find: anterior sinus tarsi, move posterior to other ligaments

Question 19

Inferior tibiofibular joint

Answer 19

between tibia and fibula above lateral malleolus

Question 20

sesamoid

Answer 20

find: within first metatarsals

Question 21

Achilles

Answer 21

find: palpate from insertion to origin
clinically: nodules can be a sign of tearing or fraying

Question 22

tibialis anterior

Answer 22

find: invert and dorsiflexion

Question 23

extensor hallicus longus

Answer 23

find: extend big toe

Question 24

extensor digitorum brevis

Answer 24

muscle belly is prominent in sinus tarsi when toes are extended