Foot anatomy

Question 1

Describe the anterior compartment of the leg + nerve supply + action of muscle.

Answer 1

Movement- dorsiflex and inverts the foot
Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus- also extend toes
Extensor hallucis longus - also extend toes
Fibularis tertius
nerve supply- deep fibular nerve

Question 2

Damage to the common fibular nerve which branches off into deep fibular nerve leads to what condition?

Answer 2

foot drop

Question 3

Describe the lateral compartment of the leg + nerve supply + action of muscle.

Answer 3

Movement- eversion (foot outwards)
fibularis longus
brevis
nerve supply- superficial fibular nerve

Question 4

Describe the superficial posterior compartment of the leg + nerve supply + action of muscle.

Answer 4

movement- inversion and plantarfelxion
gastrocnemius
plantaris
soleus
nerve supply- tibial nerve

Question 5

Describe the deep posterior compartment of the leg + nerve supply + action of muscle.

Answer 5

movement- inversion and plantarflexion
popliteus
tibialis posterior
flexor digittorum longus 
flexor hallucis longus
nerve supply- tibial nerve

Question 6

What is the mnemonic for the ankle tendons that pass from lateral to medial and describe them.

Answer 6

TOM, DICK, HARRY
Tom- Tibialis posterior
Dick- Flexor digitorum longus
Harry- Flexor Hallucis longus

Question 7

During surgery for ankle fixation, a registrar accidentally cuts the superficial fibular nerve. Where would the patient have numbness following the surgery?

Answer 7

dorsum of foot

Question 8

What is the mnemonic for the ankle tendons that pass from medial to lateral and describe them.

Answer 8

TOM, HARRY, DICK
Tom- Tibialis anterior
Harry- Extensor hallucis longus
Dick- Extensor digitorum longus

Question 9

What is the primary movement that occurs in the subtalar joint

Answer 9

inversion/ eversion

Question 10

When a patient presents with a hallux valgus deformity, the metatarsophalangeal joint will be most obviously deformed into which position?

Answer 10

adducted

Question 11

what bone does achilles tendon insert into

Answer 11

calcaneous

Question 12

most superior tarsal bone

Answer 12

talus

Question 13

main function of spring ligament

Answer 13

maintenance of the foot arch and therefore it prevents flat foot

Question 14

When is the calcaneo-fibular ligament typically damaged?

Answer 14

due to excessive inversion of foot

Question 15

Which artery splits into the posterior tibial artery and anterior tibial artery?

Answer 15

popliteal artery

Question 16

Which nerve splits into the lateral and medial plantar nerves, which in turn supply the foot plant?

Answer 16

tibial nerve