Food Source And Supply Flashcards
Name types of cereals
- wheat
- rice
- maize
- oats
- barley
- rye
Where is wheat grown and what is it used for
Europe, China, India etc
- baked products
- some contain more gluten and are used for bread and pastry
- breakfast cereals
Where is rice grown and what is it used for
China, India, Vietnam
- rice is group as long or short grains
-> long are served with savoury + short in puddings - can be made into flour and is used in biscuits
Where is maize grown and what’s it used for
USA, China, Brazil
- breakfast cereals
- corn oil
- eaten as a veg
Where are oats grown and what is it used for
Russia, Canada, Finland
- usually rolled rather than crushed when processed
- oatmeal, porridge oats
- breakfast cereals
Where is barley grown and what is it used for
Russia, France, UK
- used as alternative to rice
- used as a sweetener
- used in brewing industry
Where is rye grown and what is it used for
Europe, Russia, USA
- usually ground into flour to make a dark bread
Types of sugar
- sugar cane
- sugar beet
- honey
- maple syrup
Types of fruit
Citrus: lemons, limes, oranges
Soft or berry fruits: raspberries, strawberries, blueberries
Hard fruits: apples, pears
Others: kiwi, melon, banana
Types of vegetables
Leaves: cabbage, spinach, lettuce
Fruit: cucumber, peppers
Roots: carrots, beetroot
Flowers: broccoli, cauliflower
Bulbs: onions, leeks
Stems: celery
Tubers: potatoes
Seeds: peas
Advantages and disadvantages of buying locally
Advantages
- fresher
- fewer food miles
- reduced carbon footprint
- less energy used transporting
- supports local farmers
Disadvantages
- not as much choice
- can be more expensive
- different fruit sizes
Classifications of meat
Meat: beef, lamb, pork
Game: venison, rabbit
Poultry: chicken, duck
Offal: kidney, liver
Animal welfare
RSPCA or Red Tractor snarks show that food is produced sustainably
Intensive farming
- increases the amount of food produced
- farmers rely heavily on chemical fertilisers and pesticides
- animals may be kept indoors to control diet and breading
Organic farming
- all food sold as organic must be approved by organic certification
- farmers grow crops without synthetic fertilisers and pesticides
- no genetically engineered ingredients
Sustainable fish supply
Marine Stewardship Council logo
Types of fish farming
Farming: takes place in captivity
Sea rearing: fish are caught in the wild and grown in a controlled environment
Sea ranching: young fish are bred in captivity and then released into the wild
Advantages of fish farming
- less transport costs as farms are closer to transport links
- wild fish stocks are reduced
- indoor farms protect fish from weather changes
- fish can’t escape
- no competing species
- fish are protected from predators
Disadvantages of fish farming
- costs of setting up is expensive
- running costs are expensive
- more disease
- pesticides may be used to control disease
- waste water produced by fish can pollute environment
