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3) Global Food Security > Food Insecurity in the World > Flashcards

Food Insecurity in the World Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the goal in 1996 at the World Food Summit? What was the target? What was it actually?

A
  • Decrease undernourishment by half the NUMBER by 2015
  • Target: 500 million
  • Actual Number: 700 million
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2
Q

Which regions reached their target according to SOFI (2015)? Which didn’t?

A
  • Africa: the number of undernourishment increased

- Latin America: target reached and surpassed

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3
Q

What does a green dot or a red dot mean in SOFI?

A
  • Green dot: target achieved

- Red dot: country is far from achieving their goal

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4
Q

How does Africa compare to the Asian Pacific in terms of undernourishment?

A
  • Africa has a lower number of undernourishment

- But, Asia has a lower percentage (larger population size)

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5
Q

What is the region with the highest number of undernourished people in the world?

A

Asia

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6
Q

What is the region with the highest percentage of undernourished people in the world?

A

Africa

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7
Q

Give examples of countries with “red dots” in SOFI 2015.

A
  • Uganda
  • Tanzania
  • Zambia
  • Middle Africa
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8
Q

How has China modulated their numbers of undernourishment?

A

Decreased of over 50% in the prevalence of undernourishment

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9
Q

How has India modulated their numbers of undernourishment?

A
  • Yellow dot
  • Slight reduction of undernourishment (7%)
  • Reduced their prevalence of undernourishment
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10
Q

How has Iraq modulated their numbers of undernourishment?

A
  • Increase from 1.4 to 8.1 (almost 500% increase)

- Prevalence moved from 8% to 23%

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11
Q

What caused the uprise in undernourishment in Iraq?

A

Political conflicts, affecting their stability

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12
Q

How has Guatemala modulated their numbers of undernourishment?

A
  • Increase in the number of undernourished people
  • Despite the war ending
  • Thus, stability is ESSENTIAL
  • They still live in unstable political conditions (very corrupt)
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13
Q

Which agencies helped publish the state of food security and nutrition in the world?

A
  • FAO
  • WFP
  • IFAD
  • UNICEF
  • WHO
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14
Q

How did the state of food insecurity in the world change from 2015 to 2016?

A

777 million to 815 million

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15
Q

According to the State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World, what factor seemed to play a role in the increase in food insecurity?

A
  • The number of conflicts on the rise

- Exacerbated by climate-related shocks

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16
Q

What is the key driver of situations of severe food crisis?

A

Conflict

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17
Q

How do you address food insecurity and malnutrition in conflict-affected situations?

A
  • Cannot be business as usual
  • Requires a conflict-sensitive approach that aligns for immediate humanitarian assistance, long-term development, and sustaining peace
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18
Q

We produce enough food to feed how many people?

A

10 billion

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19
Q

Which countries produce more food than the population requires?

A
  • Canada
  • USA
  • Uruguay
20
Q

What is Uruguay’s business?

A
  • Exportation

- Produce food to feed 25 million people, while they only have 3.5 million

21
Q

Which conflicts does the State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World focus on?

A
  • Yemen
  • South Sudan
  • Northern Nigeria
22
Q

What is conflict exacerbated by?

A

Climate-related shocks

23
Q

What is mild food insecurity?

A

Worrying about the ability to obtain food

24
Q

What is moderate food insecurity?

A
  • Less quality and variety of food
  • Reduced quantities
  • Skipping meals
25
Q

What is severe food insecurity?

A

Experiencing hunger

26
Q

What is the primary reason that caused the increase in undernourishment?

A

Primarily conflict

27
Q

Give an example of how utilization has improved in terms of food insecurity.

A

Vietnam has increased their measures of sanitation

28
Q

In terms of utilization, we have increased our knowledge in which areas?

A
  • Nutrition
  • Child nutrition
  • Hygiene
  • Sanitation
29
Q

What does the report by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Focus on? What weight do each of these components hold? What is this composition called?

A
  • Undernourishment (1/3)
  • Child mortality (1/3)
  • Wasting (1/6)
  • Stunting (1/6)
  • GHI Composition
30
Q

The deaths of children in the developing world are largely due to what?

A
  • Undernutrition (55%)

- Infectious disease, which could be caused by undernutrition

31
Q

What is the issue with the GHI Composition?

A

Undernutrition and child mortality weighs the same, but child mortality should definitely weigh more

32
Q

Which countries does the GHI Index target?

A

Only developing countries

33
Q

Why are all the countries decreasing their GHI?

A
  • Undernutrition (increasing) is diluted by child mortality (decreasing)
  • This is NOT the right message to be sending out to the governing bodies
  • The index is stating that there is no problem, but there is
34
Q

What is the most favorable score in the Economist’s GFSI? Which country has the highest score?

A
  • 100

- Ireland (85.6)

35
Q

What is the issue with the Economist’s GFSI?

A
  • It does not state the NUMBER of people affected, but simply reduces it to a score
  • Also, they present data, but they do not talk about their results
  • They do not present the disparity between the highest and lowest countries
36
Q

What are the three factors of the Economist’s GFSI?

A
  • Affordability
  • Availability
  • Food quality and safety
37
Q

What does the Economist’s GFSI’s affordability factor measure?

A
  • Capacity of a country’s people to pay for food

- Or, their ability to cope with food-related price shocks

38
Q

What does the Economist’s GFSI’s availability factor measure?

A

Factors that influence the supply of food and the ease of access to food

39
Q

What does the Economist’s GFSI’s food quality and safety factor measure?

A

Explores the nutritional quality of average diets and the food safety environment in each country

40
Q

Which method of assessing food insecurity is the most novel?

A
  • The Voices of the Hungry

- 2015 by the United Nations

41
Q

Which measure has the scientific background to be the MOST direct measure of food insecurity?

A

The Voices of the Hungry

42
Q

How is the Voices of the Hungry survey given out?

A
  • Short list of 8 questions is applied every year in 150 countries
  • Women and men are separated (measures the gap between sexes)
  • Differences between rural and urban populations are also measured
43
Q

Is the Voices of the Hungry applied at the individual or household level?

A

Both, which is what we need

44
Q

When were the millenium development goals developed? When were they to be achieved?

A
  • 2000

- 2015

45
Q

What was millenium goal #1? How was it measured?

A
  • Eradicate poverty and extreme hunger by HALF

- Undernourishment (FAO Food Balance Sheets)

46
Q

When were the sustainable development goals developed? When are they to be achieved?

A
  • 2015

- 2030

47
Q

What are the two sustainable development goals that we covered in class?

A
  • No poverty

- Zero hunger (Voices of the Hungry)

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