Food and nutrition Flashcards
the general formula Cx(H20)y represents the basic unit of which type of biomolecule
Carbohydrates
What name is given to molecules that are made up of fatty acids and glycerol
Lipids
name of component of food classified on the basis of solubility
Vitamins
State the approximate percentage of water,by mass, in a human cell
70%-95% (acceptable range)
what property of water is responsible for the efficiency of both sweating and transpiration as a method of temperature regulation
high specific heat capacity or good absorber of energy
name the three chemical elements that are presenting all carbohydrates
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
give the general formula for carbohydrates
Cx(H20)y
name the smallest unit of a carbohydrates
monosaccharide
name the type of carbohydrate formed when many of the smallest units of a carbohydrate bond together
polysaccharide
give one structure role of carbohydrates in living organisms
cell wall
state one dietary source of carbohydrates
bread
name the three elements that are present in all fats(lipids)
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
given difference between fats and oils at room temperature
fats are solid and oils are liquid at room temperature
a triglyceride is composed of three molecules of fatty acids attached to another molecule
name this other molecule
glycerol
name a test that can be used to demonstrate the presence of fat(lipid) in a food sample
brown paper test
what is another name for fats
lipids
given metabolic function of fats (lipids) in living organisms
energy store
give one structural function of fats (lipids) in living organisms
from cell membrane
name the four elements found in all proteins
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
name an element that is only found in proteins
phosphorus or sulfur
how many common amino acids are found in proteins
20
name one fibourus protein
keratin or collagen
name one metabolic role of proteins
enzymes
give one good source of protein in the diet
meat
triglycerides and phospholipids are types of…
lipids
identity one difference between a triglyceride and a phospholipid
triglyceride has three fatty acids and phospholipids has two fatty acids or triglyceride has no phosphate and phospholipids has a phosphate
identify one metabolic role for lipids in cells
energy source and storage
name one disorder associated with a deficiency of the vitamin D
rickets or osteomalacia
name one fat soluble vitamin
vitamin D
name one element present in dissolved salts
sodium
give one example of a trace element in the human diet
iron , zinc or copper
name the basic unit that makes up all lipids
3 fatty acids joined to glycerol or triglyceride
respiration is an example of
catabolic
what is polysaccharide
many sugar units
what is a monosaccharide
one sugar unit
name one storage polysaccharide in animals
glycogen
name two main reasons why food is nessassary in all living organisms
energy source and respiration
what is the ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in a carbohydrate
2:1
structural role of lipids in cells
membranes
name the main structural polysaccharide in plants
cellulose
name of test or chemicals used to demonstrate the presence of protein
copper sulfate
name the 4 biomolecules
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins
test for starch + glucose/reducing sugar
iodine- brown to blue
benedicts solution - blue to brick red
what is the smalled form of a protein
amino acid
how many different types of amino acids are there
20
what bonds different amino acids together
peptide bonds
structural role of protein
keratin
test for protein
biuret solution turns from blue to purple/violet… no heat required
what chemicals make up biuret solution
sodium hydroxide and copper sulphate
why is water needed in the body
good solvent, participates in chemical reactions, carries substances around the body (transport), good absorber of heat energy
