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Biology > Food and nutrition > Flashcards

Food and nutrition Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the general formula Cx(H20)y represents the basic unit of which type of biomolecule

A

Carbohydrates

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2
Q

What name is given to molecules that are made up of fatty acids and glycerol

A

Lipids

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3
Q

name of component of food classified on the basis of solubility

A

Vitamins

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4
Q

State the approximate percentage of water,by mass, in a human cell

A

70%-95% (acceptable range)

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4
Q

what property of water is responsible for the efficiency of both sweating and transpiration as a method of temperature regulation

A

high specific heat capacity or good absorber of energy

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4
Q

name the three chemical elements that are presenting all carbohydrates

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

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4
Q

give the general formula for carbohydrates

A

Cx(H20)y

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4
Q

name the smallest unit of a carbohydrates

A

monosaccharide

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4
Q

name the type of carbohydrate formed when many of the smallest units of a carbohydrate bond together

A

polysaccharide

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4
Q

give one structure role of carbohydrates in living organisms

A

cell wall

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4
Q

state one dietary source of carbohydrates

A

bread

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4
Q

name the three elements that are present in all fats(lipids)

A

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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5
Q

given difference between fats and oils at room temperature

A

fats are solid and oils are liquid at room temperature

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5
Q

a triglyceride is composed of three molecules of fatty acids attached to another molecule
name this other molecule

A

glycerol

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5
Q

name a test that can be used to demonstrate the presence of fat(lipid) in a food sample

A

brown paper test

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5
Q

what is another name for fats

A

lipids

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5
Q

given metabolic function of fats (lipids) in living organisms

A

energy store

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5
Q

give one structural function of fats (lipids) in living organisms

A

from cell membrane

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5
Q

name the four elements found in all proteins

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

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5
Q

name an element that is only found in proteins

A

phosphorus or sulfur

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5
Q

how many common amino acids are found in proteins

A

20

5
Q

name one fibourus protein

A

keratin or collagen

6
Q

name one metabolic role of proteins

A

enzymes

6
Q

give one good source of protein in the diet

A

meat

6
Q

triglycerides and phospholipids are types of…

A

lipids

6
Q

identity one difference between a triglyceride and a phospholipid

A

triglyceride has three fatty acids and phospholipids has two fatty acids or triglyceride has no phosphate and phospholipids has a phosphate

6
Q

identify one metabolic role for lipids in cells

A

energy source and storage

6
Q

name one disorder associated with a deficiency of the vitamin D

A

rickets or osteomalacia

6
Q

name one fat soluble vitamin

A

vitamin D

6
Q

name one element present in dissolved salts

A

sodium

6
Q

give one example of a trace element in the human diet

A

iron , zinc or copper

7
Q

name the basic unit that makes up all lipids

A

3 fatty acids joined to glycerol or triglyceride

8
Q

respiration is an example of

A

catabolic

9
Q

what is polysaccharide

A

many sugar units

10
Q

what is a monosaccharide

A

one sugar unit

11
Q

name one storage polysaccharide in animals

A

glycogen

12
Q

name two main reasons why food is nessassary in all living organisms

A

energy source and respiration

13
Q

what is the ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in a carbohydrate

A

2:1

14
Q

structural role of lipids in cells

A

membranes

15
Q

name the main structural polysaccharide in plants

A

cellulose

16
Q

name of test or chemicals used to demonstrate the presence of protein

A

copper sulfate

17
Q

name the 4 biomolecules

A

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins

18
Q

test for starch + glucose/reducing sugar

A

iodine- brown to blue
benedicts solution - blue to brick red

19
Q

what is the smalled form of a protein

A

amino acid

20
Q

how many different types of amino acids are there

A

20

21
Q

what bonds different amino acids together

A

peptide bonds

22
Q

structural role of protein

A

keratin

23
Q

test for protein

A

biuret solution turns from blue to purple/violet… no heat required

24
Q

what chemicals make up biuret solution

A

sodium hydroxide and copper sulphate

25
Q

why is water needed in the body

A

good solvent, participates in chemical reactions, carries substances around the body (transport), good absorber of heat energy

Biology (8 decks)

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