ecology

Question 1

what is an ecosystem

Answer 1

ecosystem: organisms and their interactions with their envirnemt

Question 2

what is a habitat

Answer 2

where organisms live

Question 3

what are abiotic factors

Answer 3

non living factors

Question 4

what are biotic factors

Answer 4

living factors

Question 5

what is predation

Answer 5

catching, killing and eating another organism

Question 6

symbiosis

Answer 6

relationship between species involving benefit

Question 7

why are food chains limited in length

Answer 7

low amount of energy passed on at each trophic level

Question 8

why is there always competition between species

Answer 8

resources are limited

Question 9

the parts of the earth where life can exist

Answer 9

biosphere

Question 10

living factors that affect an organism

Answer 10

biotic factors

Question 11

how do you use a pooter

Answer 11

suck though one side and the animal enters the other

Question 12

how do you use a tullgren funnel

Answer 12

heat causes animals to move upwards

Question 13

what is a niche

Answer 13

role of an oraganism

Question 14

what are the main events of the nitrogen cycle

Answer 14

nitrogen gas is in an unusable state, nitrogen in the atmosphere is changed to plant protein by nitrogen fixation, animals then consume the plnat making it animal protein, the animal or plant dies and baceria of decompisition decompose it into ammonia nitrification happens and it becomes nitrite then nitrate then the plant make s plant protein or the turns back into nitrite by denitrification

Question 15

why is the nitrogen cycle nesseccary

Answer 15

so plants can make protein out of nitrogen as they cant make it out of nitrogen gas

Question 16

what form of nitrogen can plants make protein out of

Answer 16

nitrate

Question 17

explain the carbon cycle

Answer 17

carbon from the atmosphere enters plants by osmosis then is consumed by animals and is released by respiration or by the respiration of decomposers. or carbon is released by fossilization and combustion

Question 18

why is it important to reuse carbon

Answer 18

so it doesnt run out

Question 19

state one way micro-organisms contribute to the carbon cycle

Answer 19

they decompose the dead matter

Question 20

how can ireland reduce carbon fuel admissions

Answer 20

stop using fossil fuels, plant more trees

Question 21

explain the term pollution

Answer 21

harmful addition to the environment

Question 22

name a pollutant and its effects

Answer 22

slurry, eutrophication

Question 23

how can the pollutant slurry be controlled

Answer 23

only be used in dry weather and when the grass is growing

Question 24

in relation to herbivores, suggest two reasons for fluctuation of population

Answer 24

predators numbers changed/ disease / migratio

Question 25

why would two different species of animals be in competition with each other

Answer 25

same food source / same habitat

Question 26

name an ecological relationship

Answer 26

parasitism / symbiosis

Question 27

explain the term food chain

Answer 27

sequence of organisms showing transfer of energy from one to the next

Question 28

edaphic factors

Answer 28

factors related to soil

Question 29

explain the term quantitative study

Answer 29

measuring the amount of organisms

Question 30

what is competition

Answer 30

struggle for a resource with one winner

Question 31

nitrogen fixation

Answer 31

conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to a usable from nitrate

Question 32

name two types of bacteria that play a role in nitrogen cycle

Answer 32

nitrogen fixing / nitrifying / denitrifying /decomposers

Question 33

conservation of species

Answer 33

management of the environment or management of species

Question 34

where is the biosphere

Answer 34

where life can exist or all the ecosystems of the earth

Question 35

name a predator

Answer 35

snake or fox

Question 36

name a producer

Answer 36

plants

Question 37

a secondary consumer

Answer 37

frog

Question 38

a primary consumer

Answer 38

grasshopper

Question 39

make a grazing food chain with four trophic levels

Answer 39

grass - grasshopper - frog - snake

Question 40

what is meant by the term trophic level

Answer 40

position on the food chain

Question 41

why would the population of the secondary consumer population may decline

Answer 41

predation or disease

Question 42

what is an ectoparasite

Answer 42

organism living on host which causes damage to the host

Question 43

what is ecology

Answer 43

the study of the various interactions between organism and their environment

Question 44

explain the term nutrient recycling

Answer 44

reuse of nutrients

Question 45

explain the term scramble competition

Answer 45

a struggle of a scarce resource and all get some

Question 46

explain the term conservation

Answer 46

management of the environment

Question 47

give one example of a factor, other than light, which may be a source of competition among plants

Answer 47

water or minerals or space

Question 48

give one example of a factor, other than food, which may be a source of competition among animals

Answer 48

water or mates or shelter

Question 49

what is a community

Answer 49

all groups of organisms found in an ecosystem

Question 50

what is fauna

Answer 50

animals

Question 51

name a predator and a matching ecosystem

Answer 51

a snake in a grassland ecosystem

Question 52

name one adaptive technique of a predator

Answer 52

camouflage

Question 53

explain the term variation

Answer 53

differences in a population

Question 54

what is a population

Answer 54

population refers to the number of the same species in one ecosystem

Question 55

give a reason why there might be variation in the height of a mature plant species in the ecosystem

Answer 55

environmental factors like light and soil quality

Question 56

what is a climate factor

Answer 56

relates to weater over a long period

Question 57

name a factor other than competition, that controls wild populations

Answer 57

disease or parasites

Question 58

name four factors that influence the size of human population

Answer 58

famine, war, food quality, birth control, disease, degree of medical care

Question 59

what is meant by nitrogen fixation

Answer 59

n2 converted to compound

Question 60

what is meant by nitrification

Answer 60

ammonia to nitrites or to nitraes or nitrites to nitrates