Food And Diet Flashcards
Plants
Make their own food
Animals
Cannot make their own food
Food is needed
As a source of energy
To provide material for growth
Water
Excellent solvent
Allows substances to be transported
Five major food nutrients
Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Vitamins Minerals
Carbohydrates
Sugar - provides energy - fruit, honey, milk, soft drinks
Starch - provides energy - potatoes, pasta, bread
Cellulose - helps prevent constipation - green vegetables and cereals
Proteins
Growth and repair of cells, makes muscle and hair.
Nuts, fish, lean meat, egg white
Fats
Provide store of energy, insulation.
Butter, milk, cheese, oils
Vitamins
Vitamin C - healthy skin and gums, prevents scurvy - citrus fruits
Vitamin D - builds strong bones and teeth, prevents rickets - cheese, milk, yogurt
Minerals
Iron - needed to make red blood cells - red meat, liver, cabbage
Calcium - for healthy bones and teeth - milk, cheese
Energy value of food
Kilo joules
How to test for starch
Starch solution & water
Iodine solution
Blue when starch is present
Brown/yellow when starch is not present
How to test for glucose
Glucose solution and water
Benedicts solution (needs to be heated)
Turns brick red when glucose is present
Stays blue when glucose isn’t present
How to test for protein
Milk+sodium hydroxide solution and water+sodium hydroxide solution
Copper sulfate solution
Turns purple/violet when protein is present
Stays blue when protein isn’t present
How to test for the presence of fats
Brown paper
Will become translucent and light will pass through if fat is present
No light will pass through if fat is not present
