Folate

Question 1

required for DNA synthesis in both bacteria and animals

Answer 1

folate

Question 2

vitamin involved in rxns of transfer of one carbon unit

Answer 2

folic acid

Question 3

antibiotics compete with ____ for active site dihydropteroate synthase

Answer 3

PABA

Question 4

synthesis of THF requires?

Answer 4

dihydrofolate reductase

Question 5

bacteria DHFR is more sensitive to?

Answer 5

trimethoprim

Question 6

PABA analog that blocks dihydropteroate synthetase

Answer 6

Sulfamethoxazole

Question 7

blocks dihydrofolate reductase

Answer 7

trimethoprim

Question 8

activity against gram -, UTI bacteria, gram +, MRSA, Nocardia!

Answer 8

SMX

TMP

Question 9

treat toxoplasmosis caused by toxoplasma gondii and treats leishmaniasis

Answer 9

pyramethamine + sulfadiazine

Question 10

treats malaria

Answer 10

pyrimethamine + sulfadoxime

Question 11

1st tri: anti folate effects cause neural tube defects

3rd tri: bilirubin displacement - kernicterus in fetus/baby; pre term labor

Answer 11

ADR of TMP/SMX

Question 12

SE: G6PD def - hemolytic anemia, stevens johnson syndrome, photosensitivity, displace drugs from albumin, inhibits CYP450

Answer 12

SMX and TMP

Question 13

Systemic sulfonamides

Answer 13

1) sulfamethoxale
2) sulfadiazine
3) sulfadoxine - malaria
4) dapsone - leprosy
5) sulfasalazine - ulcerative colitis

Question 14

topical sulfonamides

Answer 14

1) silver sulfonamides - burns
2) sulfacetamide - trachoma
3) mefenide

Question 15

sulfonamides compete competitively with

Answer 15

PABA

Question 16

1) increase PABA synthesis can overcome inhibition of dihydropteroate synthesis
2) altered enzyme - bacterial dihydropteroate syn can undergo mutation
3) decrease uptake - permeability may be reduced

Answer 16

sulfonamides resistance

Question 17

fixed dose combo (TMP + SMX)
produces seq. blockade of folate metabolism
bactericidal and synergistic
ratio 5:1

Answer 17

cotrimoxazole

Question 18

used to tx: pneumocystis jiroveci, nocardia, g - UTI, listeria and g + MSSA and MRSA

Answer 18

cotrimoxazole

Question 19

in oxidative stress, GSH is depleted - RBC mem. inflexible - hemolysis

Answer 19

G6PD def

Question 20

trigger food - fava beans
trigger drugs
1) antimalarial - primaquine and chloroquine
2) anti tb - INH
3) sulfonamides - mafernide and cotrimoxazole

Answer 20

G6PD def