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Pharm Block 3 > Anti mycobacterial > Flashcards

Anti mycobacterial Flashcards

1
Q

bactericidal

works at the bacterial cell wall inhibiting mycobacterial cell wall by inhibiting mycelia acid production

activated by catalase peroxidase katc

A

INH

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2
Q

resistance due to deletion or down regulation of katc

A

INH

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3
Q

metabolized by liver enzyme N acetyl transferase - slowacetylators have higher risk of SE

A

INH

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4
Q

neuropathy caused by vit b6 excretion promoted by

A

INH

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5
Q

SE: sideroblastic anemia, hepatotoxicity, drug induced lupus, inhibits CYP450, G6PD def hemolysis

A

INH

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6
Q

bactericidal
activated by CYP450

binds to bacterial DNA dependent RNA polymerase

A

rifampin

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7
Q

point mutation in rpoB

A

resistance of rifampin

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8
Q

used in tx of prophylactic mono therapy in close contacts of h flu and n meningitis

A

rifampin

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9
Q

SE: hepatotoxicity and orange urine and body fluids

A

rifampin

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10
Q

Other note: contraceptive failure with oral combined contraceptives; admin with INH to prevent rapid resistance

A

rifampin

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11
Q

blocks arabinosyl transferase

inhibiting carbohydrate formation at the cell wall

bacteriostatic

A

ethambutol

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12
Q

SE: optic neuritis (loss of visual acuity, red and green color blindness)

A

ethambutol

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13
Q

pyrazinamide converted to pyrazinoic acid by

A

mycobacterial pyrazinamidase

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14
Q

distrupts mycobacterial cell membrane metabolism

A

pyrazinoic acid

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15
Q

active at ph 5.5

bactericidal

inhibits bacteria in lysosome of macrophage (intracellular back.)

A

pyrazinamide

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16
Q

bactericidal
crosses BBB

active against extracellular mycobacterium

SE: ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity

A

streptomycin

17
Q

inhibits bacterial cell wall syndrome (alanine racemes which links 2-D ala residues)

A

cycloserine

18
Q

SE: peripheral neuropathy, anemia, CNS dysfxn: depression and psychotic rxn; pyridoxine ameliorates neurotoxicity

A

cycloserine

19
Q

inhibits dihydropteroate synthase and mycobactin synthesis

high [ ] in urine can cause crystalluria

A

aminosalicyclic acid

20
Q

active against TB, MAC, M fortuitous

less potent inducer of P450

preferred in px with HIV co inf

A

rifabutin

21
Q

longer half life

should not be used in px with HIV

potent P450 inducer

used after 2 mon of TB tx

A

rifapentin

22
Q

mycobacterial adenosine

triphosphate synthase inhibitor

A

bedaquiline - new drug

23
Q

nitroimidazole derivative

mycelia acid synthesis inhibitor

A

delaminid - new drug

24
Q

temporary exacerbation of sx’s and signs on starting tx

paradoxical rxn in HIV px with active TB

Tx with Prednisone

A

IRIS - immune reconstitution inflammatory syn

25
Q

15 mm or more

A

+ test in no risk pop

26
Q

> 5mm

A

+ in case of HIV, organ transplant; suppressed immune system or steroid therapy

27
Q

> 10 mm

A

+ in case of health care workers, immigrants who have moved from a country with high TB rate in the past 5 yrs

28
Q

PPD +, but no sx’s, no + x ray

Tx: INH fro 9 mon (tb prophylaxis)

for pregnant women give INH along with pyridoxine

A

latent TB

29
Q

treatment for MAC infections

A

azithromycin
clarithromycin
ethambutol

30
Q

used to help prevent (prophylaxis regimen in MAC)

CD < 100

A

azithromycin + clarithromycin

31
Q

inhibits folate syn. by dihydropteroate synthase

A

dapsone

32
Q

SE: hemolytic anemia in G6PD def and drug induced erythema nodosium leprosum

A

dapsone

33
Q

binds to DNA and inhibits DNA template fxn

ADR: distinctive reddish brown discoloration of skin

A

clofazamine

34
Q

type 2 lepra rxn

- glucocorticoids- no response after 2 courses = thalidomide

A

erythema nodosum leprosum

35
Q

can cause phocomelia

A

thalidomide

Pharm Block 3 (11 decks)

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